Optimal dilutions of S-PRG filler eluate for experiments on human gingival fibroblasts in vitro.

The present study attempted to identify the optimal dilution at which at which the effects of surface reaction-type pre-reacted glass-ionomer (S-PRG) filler eluate on human gingival fibroblasts (HGF) may be safely examined in vitro. S-PRG filler is a material that releases six ions and exerts strong caries-suppressing effects. We prepared S-PRG filler eluate in which S-PRG filler and α-MEM were mixed as a medium for HGF. This eluate contains six ions that are released from S-PRG filler. All cells died in proliferation experiments on HGF using S-PRG filler eluate, which demonstrated that unless S-PRG filler eluate was diluted, the ion concentration was strongly cytotoxic. S-PRG filler eluate diluted by 1/100 or more with the addition of 2% or more of FBS was safe for use. We herein successfully established the optimal dilution of S-PRG filler eluate at which HGF may be safely examined in vitro.

[A case of silent rupture of a cerebral arteriovenous malformation during laparotomy].

A 52-year-old female, scheduled for rectal cancer resection, had no history of central nervous system abnormality. Anesthesia was maintained with general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia. Her only hemodynamic change was a rise in arterial pressure to 140 mmHg just after the start of the operation. However, postoperatively she failed to be aroused and she exhibited a positive Babinski's sign, anisocoria, an absent light reflex and paresis of the left lower extremity. Cerebral vascular accident was suspected and a CT scan revealed a cerebral hematoma which was immediately removed surgically. Upon exploration, abnormal vessels were recognized and we diagnosed an acute rupture of arteriovenous malformation. She fully recovered consciousness immediately after the operation. Her postoperative course was uneventful, except for a residual paresis of the left lower extremity.

Inhibitory effects of selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors, nimesulide and etodolac, on the development of squamous cell dysplasias and carcinomas of the tongue in rats initiated with 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide.

The present study was conducted to examine the effects of selective cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitors, nimesulide and etodolac, on early stages of tongue carcinogenesis due to 4-nitroquinoline 1-oxide(4-NQO). Fischer 344 rats, 6 weeks old, were given 15 ppm of 4-NQO in their drinking water for 8 weeks followed by diet containing either nimesulide or etodolac at the doses of 150 and 300 ppm for 16 weeks. Rats were sacrificed at 24 weeks and tongue lesions were histologically examined. Nimesulide dose-dependently reduced the incidence and multiplicity of squamous cell dysplasias and carcinomas (SCCs), with significance at the 300 ppm dose. This suppression was associated with an increased incidence and multiplicity of hyperplasias. Etodolac exhibited similar but less extensive suppressive effects. The results suggest that COX-2 is involved in the progression of hyperplasia to dysplasia and from dysplasia to SCCs.