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1.
Ann Occup Hyg ; 56(3): 350-61, 2012 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22156569

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: Few studies have assessed respiratory protective equipment (RPE) failures at the organizational level despite evidence to suggest that compliance with good practice may be low. The aim of this study was to develop an understanding of what current RPE programmes look like across industry and how this compares with good practice. METHODS: Twenty cross-industry site visits were conducted with companies that had RPE programmes in place. Visits involved management interviews to explore current RPE systems and procedures and the decision making underpinning these. Observations of RPE operatives were included followed by short interviews to discuss the behaviours observed. Post-site assessments jointly undertaken by an RPE scientist and psychologist produced ratings for each site on six critical aspects of RPE programmes (knowledge/awareness, selection, use, training/information, supervision, and storage/cleaning/maintenance). Overall ratings for theoretical competence (i.e. management knowledge of RPE) and practical control (i.e. actual RPE practice on the shop floor) were also given. Qualitative analysis was performed on all interview data. RESULTS: The performance of RPE programmes varied across industry. Fewer than half the companies visited were considered to have an acceptable level of theoretical competence and practical control. Four distinct groups emerged from the 20 sites studied, ranging from Learners (low theoretical competence and practical control--four sites), Developers (acceptable theoretical competence and low practical control--five sites), and Fortuitous (low theoretical competence and acceptable practical control--two sites), to Proficient (acceptable theoretical competence and practical control--nine sites). None of the companies visited were achieving optimal control through the use of RPE. Widespread inadequacies were found with programme implementation, particularly training, supervision, and maintenance. CONCLUSIONS: Our taxonomy based on the four groups (Learners, Developers, Fortuitous, and Proficient) provided a useful expert-informed tool for explaining the variation in performance of RPE programmes across industry. Although further research and development are required, this taxonomy offers a useful starting point for the development of practical tools that may assist managers in making the much-needed improvements to all facets of programme implementation, particularly training, supervision, and maintenance.


Assuntos
Capacitação em Serviço/normas , Dispositivos de Proteção Respiratória/estatística & dados numéricos , Gestão da Segurança/organização & administração , Complacência (Medida de Distensibilidade) , Tomada de Decisões , Educação , Guias como Assunto , Humanos , Higiene/educação , Entrevistas como Assunto , Conhecimento , Manutenção , Competência Mental , Organização e Administração , Prática Psicológica , Local de Trabalho
2.
Appl Ergon ; 35(5): 475-84, 2004 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15246886

RESUMO

Upper limb disorders (ULDs) in the workplace represent a significant cause of ill health in Great Britain. As part of the Health and Safety Commission's strategy for the prevention of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), the well known guidance document on ULDs--"Work-related Upper Limb Disorders: a Guide to Prevention" (HSG60), (HMSO, London.), has been extensively revised. This revision (Upper limb disorders in the workplace. HSG60 (rev), HSE Books, Sudbury.) includes the development of new risk assessment tools that can be used by employers to identify ULD risk factors in work activities and more importantly to take action to reduce or eliminate ULD risks. The risk assessment tools form part of a seven stage management approach that underpins the new guidance. This paper outlines the development of the risk assessment tools contained in the revised guidance.


Assuntos
Ergonomia/instrumentação , Ergonomia/métodos , Guias como Assunto/normas , Doenças Musculoesqueléticas/prevenção & controle , Doenças Profissionais/prevenção & controle , Extremidade Superior , Humanos , Exposição Ocupacional/prevenção & controle , Medição de Risco/métodos , Medição de Risco/normas
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