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1.
Disabil Rehabil Assist Technol ; 15(5): 521-527, 2020 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30985225

RESUMO

Introduction: The World Health Organization estimates that in 2010, 15% of the world's population lived with some form of disability and 10% of these people required wheelchairs. Colombia and other Spanish-speaking countries lack reliable scales, and ones that are in Spanish, to assess wheelchair handling skills such as that provided by the Wheelchair Skills Test 4.3.Objective: To translate and cross-culturally adapt the Wheelchair Skills Test 4.3 form to Spanish, to be used with the Colombian population that uses a wheelchair.Materials and method: The design of this research uses a methodology that centres on validation studies and transcultural adaptation following the stages of translation, back translation and evaluation of translations by the author and expert judgement.Results: The adaptation had a global agreement index of 93.3 (Total Agreement Level). The three indicators were 92% relevance, 93.3% coherence and 94.5% sufficiency; and 22 of the 51 items evaluated (43.1%) had a 100% agreement level.Conclusions: The outcome of this transcultural adaptation was the Colombian Spanish version of the Wheelchair Skills Test (WST) 4.3 Form.Implications for rehabilitationFifteen per cent of the world's population (2010), and 10% of people with disabilities need wheelchairs.The Colombian population requiring the use of a manual wheelchair, 51% are limited in terms of "walking, running, jumping" and permanently limited in their movement for walk (29.32%).The use of reliable and cross-culturally adapted scales, such as the Wheelchair Wheelchair Skills Test (WST), is essential for rehabilitation personnel.The assessment of wheelchair user skills is fundamental to identify the level of participation in their respective communities as well as the development of their basic activities.


Assuntos
Comparação Transcultural , Pessoas com Deficiência/reabilitação , Tradução , Cadeiras de Rodas , Colômbia , Humanos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Análise e Desempenho de Tarefas
2.
Rev. Fac. Med. (Bogotá) ; 63(2): 315-320, abr.-jun. 2015. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-749545

RESUMO

Antecedentes. La rehabilitación es un proceso de reaprendizaje motor, que mejora el desempeño en términos de adquisición de nuevas habilidades y adaptación o refinamiento de habilidades aprendidas previamente. A pesar de este conocimiento, existen, considerablemente, pocos estudios que describan el aprendizaje motor después de un accidente cerebrovascular (ACV) y la relevancia del mismo en los procesos de rehabilitación y recuperación. Objetivo. Describir la transferencia del aprendizaje motor en pacientes con antecedentes de accidente cerebrovascular después de un tratamiento con procedimientos de reeducación funcional. Materiales y métodos. Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de dos casos con pacientes que recibieron tratamiento fisioterapéutico ambulatorio con los principios de reeducación funcional desarrollados en el Hospital de las Clínicas de la Universidad de São Paulo (Brasil), entre los meses de agosto y octubre de 2013. La transferencia del aprendizaje motor se determinó según los resultados obtenidos en la evaluación de balance funcional (Mini-BESTest). Se evaluó el test antes y después del tratamiento y se compararon los resultados para determinar el porcentaje de mejora. Resultados. En los dos casos se observó mejora clínica en el desempeño de la evaluación de balance funcional Mini-BESTest con un porcentaje de mejora entre el 21% y el 41%. Conclusión. Existen pocos hallazgos literarios que describen el mantenimiento de la capacidad de aprendizaje motor en pacientes con antecedentes de ACV. Este estudio reportó la capacidad para transferir el aprendizaje motor a una habilidad motora no aprendida (balance) en dos casos, con base en la mejoría clínica del desempeño motor en el test aplicado.


Background. Rehabilitation for patients is fundamentally a process of relearning, which improves the acquisition of new skills and the adaptation or refinement of previously learned abilities. Despite this knowledge, few studies describe motor learning after stroke and its relevance in recovery and rehabilitation processes. Objective. To describe the transfer of motor learning in patients with stroke history after a treatment with functional reeducation procedures. Materials and methods. A descriptive study of series of cases was conducted, with two patients that received outpatient physiotherapy treatment with the principles of functional reeducation at the Hospital de las Clinicas in the São Paulo University (Brazil) between August and October of 2013. The transfer of motor learning was determined according to results in the functional balance test (Mini-BESTest). The test was applied before and after the treatment, and the results were compared to establish improvement percentage. Results. In the two cases, clinical improvement was observed during the performance of the Mini-BESTest with an improvement percentage between 21% and 41%. Conclusion. Few research studies report the preservation of motor learning in patients with history of stroke. This study reported that two patients were able to transfer motor ability trained on the treatment to a similar untrained task (balance) based on the clinical improvements of motor performance in the applied test.

3.
Rev. Fac. Med. (Bogotá) ; 61(4): 365-371, oct.-dic. 2013. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-703377

RESUMO

Antecedentes. La parálisis cerebral tipo diplejía espática genera cambios en el sistema cardiovascular que afectan la capacidad aeróbica. La terapia acuática es una estrategia terapéutica óptima tanto para el manejo de la población como para el entrenamiento de la capacidad aeróbica, por las respuestas fisiológicas que genera y porque brinda la facilidad de generar mayores cargas al sistema cardiovascular con menores riesgos que en tierra. Objetivo. Identificar las características que debe tener una propuesta de intervención fisioterapéutica para el entrenamiento de la capacidad aérobica en niños y niñas entre los 8 y los 12 años, con parálisis cerebral tipo diplejía espástica, empleando la terapia acuática. Materiales y métodos. Se desarrolló un estudio de tipo descriptivo-propositivo, en el cual se formuló una propuesta de intervención basada en información recolectada a través de referencias bibliográficas. Resultados. Se presentan en forma de propuesta de intervención, describiendo en detalle las fases del entrenamiento de la capacidad aeróbica, mediante los principios del entrenamiento y la prescripción de ejercicio físico, teniendo en cuenta las respuestas fisiológicas ante la carga, así como las características propias de la población. Conclusión. La parálisis cerebral tipo diplejía espástica, genera cambios en la capacidad aeróbica; por esto, el fisioterapeuta debe incluirla en los procesos de rehabilitación como uno de sus objetivos. Para lograrlo, la terapia acuática es una modalidad de tratamiento óptima, puesto que genera mayor seguridad de movimiento y respuestas fisiológicas favorables en el sistema cardiovascular.


Background. The cerebral palsy is a condition that generates changes in the cardiovascular system affecting the aerobic capacity. Aquatic therapy is an optimal therapeutic strategy for the management of both the population and the aerobic capacity training because of the physiological responses generated and the ease of generating higher loads on the cardiovascular system with lower risk than on land. Objective. The aim of this research was to identify the characteristics of a physiotherapy intervention proposal for children aged 8 to 12 years-old with spastic diplegia cerebral palsy, using aquatic therapy for aerobic capacity training. Materials and methods. The research reflects a descriptive-proposal study, in which an intervention proposal was made based on information collected through references. Results. Results are presented in the form of intervention proposal that seeks to describe in detail the stages of aerobic training based on the principles of training and prescribing exercise, taking into account the physiological responses to the load and the characteristics of the population. Conclusion. The cerebral palsy caused changes in the aerobic capacity therefore it must be included in the physiotherapist rehabilitation processes as one of its main objectives. The findings indicate that aquatic therapy is an excellent treatment method for training aerobic capacity in this population, because of the greater security of movement and the favorable physiological responses that are generated in the cardiovascular system.

4.
Rev. colomb. rehabil ; 1(5): 101-111, oct. 2006.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-643444

RESUMO

La terapia acuática es muy útil para mejorar la función de las personas en inmersión, porque en el agua los pacientes flotan fácilmente, propiciando mejor movimiento con menor esfuerzo, la resistencia causada por la viscosidad del agua, le ayuda al fortalecimiento muscular; la presión que el fluido ejerce simultáneamente en todo el cuerpo inmerso (presión hidrostática) disminuye el edema, incrementa el gasto cardiaco, aumenta la presión intratoráxica, durante el ejercicio. El agua tibia, aumenta la temperatura del tejido superficial creando un esfuerzo sedativo, reduce la tensión muscular secundaria, favorece el flujo sanguíneo, restaura la oxigenación de los tejidos, y remueve los desechos, mejora la nutrición, disminuye la rigidez y el dolor inducido por la isquemia. Además, acelera las funciones metabólicas de las células, la circulación de la sangre y la linfa. Por esta razón un trabajo efectivo debe incluir actividades que permitan vivenciar los principios físicos de la mecánica de fluidos y técnicas de tratamiento fisioterapéutico.


The acuatic therapy is very useful to improve activity of people in immersion, as patients float easily in the water, producing better movement with less effort, and the resistance caused by the water viscosity helps to strength muscles; the pressure from fluids on the whole body (hydrostatic pressure) decreases edema, increases cardiac output, increases intra thoracic pressure, during exercise. Warm water, increases the temperature of superficial tissue creating a sedative effect, reducing secondary muscular tension, improving blood flow, restoring tissue oxygenation, removing wastes, improving nutrition, decreasing rigidity and pain due to ischemia. Moreover, it speeds up cell metabolic functions, blood and lymph flow. So, an effective work must include activities to experience physical principles of fluids mechanics and physiotherapeutic treatment.


Assuntos
Adulto , Criança , Pressão Hidrostática , Movimento (Física) , Natação
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