Assuntos
Transtornos de Ansiedade/epidemiologia , Transtorno Depressivo/epidemiologia , Comportamentos Relacionados com a Saúde , Estilo de Vida , Adolescente , Adulto , Distribuição por Idade , Idoso , Transtornos de Ansiedade/psicologia , Causalidade , Comorbidade , Transtorno Depressivo/psicologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Atividade Motora , Obesidade/epidemiologia , Obesidade/psicologia , Prevalência , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica/estatística & dados numéricos , Fatores de Risco , Distribuição por Sexo , Fumar/epidemiologia , Fumar/psicologia , Emirados Árabes Unidos/epidemiologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Lycanthropy is the belief in the capacity of human metamorphosis into animal form. It has been recorded in many cultures. Apart from historic description of lycanthropy, there has been several case reports described in the medical literature over the past 30 years. METHOD: We identified eight cases of lycanthropy in 20 years, mainly in the area of Babylon, Iraq. RESULTS: The most commonly reported diagnosis was severe depressive disorder with psychotic symptoms. The type of animal that the patients changed into were mainly dogs (seven cases) and only one case changed into a cow for the first time to report. CONCLUSION: Lycanthropy delusion is a rare delusion but appears to have survived into modern times with possible archetypal existence.
Assuntos
Delusões/psicologia , Transtorno Depressivo Maior/psicologia , Transtornos Psicóticos/psicologia , Esquizofrenia/diagnóstico , Psicologia do Esquizofrênico , Adulto , Idoso , Delusões/diagnóstico , Delusões/tratamento farmacológico , Delusões/etiologia , Transtorno Depressivo Maior/complicações , Transtorno Depressivo Maior/diagnóstico , Transtorno Depressivo Maior/tratamento farmacológico , Feminino , Humanos , Iraque , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Oriente Médio , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Transtornos Psicóticos/complicações , Transtornos Psicóticos/diagnóstico , Transtornos Psicóticos/tratamento farmacológico , Doenças Raras , Esquizofrenia/complicações , Esquizofrenia/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Alcohol can induce a wide spectrum of effects on the central nervous system. These effects can be recognized at the neurophysiological, morphological and neuropsychological levels. Several studies of the effect of alcohol on the frontal lobes were identified for review from MedLine, PsychLIT databases and by manual searching. In this review article, the different changes are examined in detail. Computed tomography studies have reported changes of frontal lobe in alcoholism, while magnetic resonance imaging studies supported these findings. Neurophysiological studies with positron emission tomography and single photon emission computed tomography have reported a decreased frontal lobe glucose utilization and reduced cerebral blood flow. There is also evidence from neuropsychological studies that there are specific deficits in alcoholism that suggest frontal lobe dysfunction. Considered together, these studies lend a strong credence to the concept of frontal lobe pathology in alcoholism. However, frontal lobe is not an isolated part of the brain and should be considered with its heavy connections to different cortical and subcortical areas of the brain.
Assuntos
Alcoolismo/patologia , Alcoolismo/fisiopatologia , Alcoolismo/psicologia , Lobo Frontal/patologia , Lobo Frontal/fisiopatologia , Animais , HumanosRESUMO
Two cases of lycanthropy will be described. Its possible aetiology and psychopathology will be discussed. In the first case there is clear evidence of an organic origin of the syndrome which is reported for the first time.
