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1.
Medisur ; 7(3)2009. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-40876

RESUMO

Fundamento: La neumonía adquirida en la comunidad es la causa más común de infecciones encontradas en la práctica médica. Objetivo: Evaluar el cumplimiento de la guía de práctica clínica para el tratamiento de la neumonía adquirida en la comunidad. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, prospectivo, de serie de casos realizado en el Hospital Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima desde el 1 de enero al 30 de junio del 2006, sobre 500 pacientes con diagnóstico principal al ingreso y egreso de neumonía o bronconeumonía. Se aplicó el instrumento de evaluación vigente en el centro. Se realizó un análisis univariado, con un intervalo de confianza de 95 por ciento. Se midió el cumplimiento de las guías en excelente, bien, regular y mal, así como el desenlace en vivos y fallecidos. Resultados: Los mayores de 65 años son los que más ingresan por esta causa y en ellos es más alta la letalidad; el 40, 6 por ciento de los pacientes que ingresan se estratifican en la clase III. La no realización de la radiografía de tórax y el tratamiento inadecuado constituyeron mayor riesgo de muerte. El 53, 2 por ciento de los expedientes clínicos reflejan mal cumplimiento de la guía, así mismo la mayor letalidad se encontró en ese grupo. Conclusiones: Las neumonías no graves son las que más ingresan en el centro, con una letalidad no despreciable, aunque la más elevada se encontró en las clases IV y V, consideradas las neumonías más graves. La adherencia global a la guía se puede relacionar con el desenlace final del enfermo(AU)


Background: Community acquired pneumonia is the most common cause of infections found during the medical practice. Objective: To assess the fulfilment of the good clinical practices guidelines for the treatment ofcommunity acquired pneumonia. Methods: Prospective, descriptive study of series of cases developed in the Hospital Dr. Gustavo Aldereguía Lima between January, 1st and June 30th, 2006. 500 patients were studied which main diagnosis was pneumonia orbronchial pneumonia. The assessment tool includes four questions. A single-varied analysis was performed, witha confidence interval of 95 percent. The final result of this measurement was the fulfilment of the guidelines asexcellent, fine, acceptable and not well, as well as the outcome in living and dead patients. Results: Patientsolder than 65 years of age are the most affected by this disease and fatality is also higher in this age group; 40,6 percent of admitted patients are classified as type III. Not performing thoracic radiography and inappropriatetreatment led to a higher lethality risk. 53, 2 percent of the clinical histories reflects a bad fulfillment of the guide, likewise the biggest lethality was found in that group 36,8 percent. Conclusions: The patients with pneumonias non serious are those that more are admitted in the center, with a non negligible lethality, although the highest was found in the classes IV and Vof pnemonia, that were considered the most serious pneumonias. The global adherence to the guide can berelated with the final outcome of the patient(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Adulto , Idoso , Pneumonia/classificação , Pneumonia/diagnóstico , Pneumonia/terapia , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/diagnóstico , Infecções Comunitárias Adquiridas/terapia
2.
Rev. cuba. med. trop ; 59(2)Mayo-ago. 2007. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-34901

RESUMO

Se realizó un estudio propectivo y longitudinal con el propósito de evaluar la respuesta clínica, inmunológica y virológica de una cohorte de 34 enfermos de SIDA en la provincia de Cienfuegos tratados con terapia antirretroviral de alta eficacia (TARVAE). Del sexo masculino eran 67,6 por ciento y la media de edad 32 años. La vía de infección sexual se identificó en 91,2 por ciento. Del total de individuos, 79,4 por ciento definieron el SIDA por recuento de LTCD4+ < 200 células. Padecieron de infecciones oportunistas menores 26 enfermos (76,5 por ciento) y 32,4 por ciento enfermó por alguna oportunista mayor antes de la TARVAE. Posterior a esta, las frecuencias se redujeron a 20,6 y 11,8 por ciento, respectivamente. El recuento medio de LTCD4+ al inicio de la TARVAE fue 196 células/mm3, y superó las 400 células en el resto de las mediciones. De una media de CVP de 15 251 copias/mL al año de la terapia, disminuyó a 8 048 copias a los 2 años. Solo 10 casos requirieron hospitalización después de la TARVAE (29,4 por ciento). La adherencia a la terapia superó 80 por ciento y se correlacionó con la restauración inmunológica. La supervivencia al año fue de 100 por ciento y durante los 4 años fallecieron 2 enfermos. Se demostró el impacto positivo de la TARVAE en la frecuencia de infecciones oportunistas, la restauración inmunológica y la supervivencia(AU)


A longitudinal prospective study was made to evaluate the clinical, immunological and virological response of a cohort of 34 AIDS patients in Cienfuegos provinces, who had been treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Males comprised 67.6percent of the total number and average age was 32 years. Sexual infection path was identified in 91.2 percent of cases. The CD4+ T counting under 200 cells defined AIDS in 79.4 percent of individuals. Twenty six patients suffered minor opportunistic infections (76.5 percent) whereas 32.4 percent got sick due to some major opportunistic disease prior to the therapy. After this therapy, these frequencies lowered to 20.6 percent and 11.8 percent respectively. Average CD4+ counting at the starting of HAART was 196 cell/mm3 and exceeded 400 cells in the rest of further countings. From a PVC average of 15 251 copies/ml one year after therapy, this figure reduced to 8 048 copies at 2 years. Only 10 cases required hospitalization after a HAART (29.4 percent). Treatment adherence reached over 80 persent and was correlated to immunological restoration. Survival after one year was 100 percent and only 2 patients died in the following 4 years. The positive impact of HAART on the frequency of opportunistic infections, immunological restoration and survival was proved(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Estudos Prospectivos , Terapia Antirretroviral de Alta Atividade/métodos , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/imunologia
3.
Rev. cuba. med. trop ; 59(2)mayo-ago. 2007. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-489533

RESUMO

Se realizó un estudio propectivo y longitudinal con el propósito de evaluar la respuesta clínica, inmunológica y virológica de una cohorte de 34 enfermos de SIDA en la provincia de Cienfuegos tratados con terapia antirretroviral de alta eficacia (TARVAE). Del sexo masculino eran 67,6 por ciento y la media de edad 32 años. La vía de infección sexual se identificó en 91,2 por ciento. Del total de individuos, 79,4 por ciento definieron el SIDA por recuento de LTCD4+ < 200 células. Padecieron de infecciones oportunistas menores 26 enfermos (76,5 por ciento) y 32,4 por ciento enfermó por alguna oportunista mayor antes de la TARVAE. Posterior a esta, las frecuencias se redujeron a 20,6 y 11,8 por ciento, respectivamente. El recuento medio de LTCD4+ al inicio de la TARVAE fue 196 células/mm3, y superó las 400 células en el resto de las mediciones. De una media de CVP de 15 251 copias/mL al año de la terapia, disminuyó a 8 048 copias a los 2 años. Solo 10 casos requirieron hospitalización después de la TARVAE (29,4 por ciento). La adherencia a la terapia superó 80 por ciento y se correlacionó con la restauración inmunológica. La supervivencia al año fue de 100 por ciento y durante los 4 años fallecieron 2 enfermos. Se demostró el impacto positivo de la TARVAE en la frecuencia de infecciones oportunistas, la restauración inmunológica y la supervivencia.


A longitudinal prospective study was made to evaluate the clinical, immunological and virological response of a cohort of 34 AIDS patients in Cienfuegos provinces, who had been treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Males comprised 67.6percent of the total number and average age was 32 years. Sexual infection path was identified in 91.2 percent of cases. The CD4+ T counting under 200 cells defined AIDS in 79.4 percent of individuals. Twenty six patients suffered minor opportunistic infections (76.5 percent) whereas 32.4 percent got sick due to some major opportunistic disease prior to the therapy. After this therapy, these frequencies lowered to 20.6 percent and 11.8 percent respectively. Average CD4+ counting at the starting of HAART was 196 cell/mm3 and exceeded 400 cells in the rest of further countings. From a PVC average of 15 251 copies/ml one year after therapy, this figure reduced to 8 048 copies at 2 years. Only 10 cases required hospitalization after a HAART (29.4 percent). Treatment adherence reached over 80 persent and was correlated to immunological restoration. Survival after one year was 100 percent and only 2 patients died in the following 4 years. The positive impact of HAART on the frequency of opportunistic infections, immunological restoration and survival was proved.


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Estudos Prospectivos , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/imunologia , Terapia Antirretroviral de Alta Atividade/métodos
4.
Rev Cubana Med Trop ; 59(2): 139-48, 2007.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23427448

RESUMO

A longitudinal prospective study was made to evaluate the clinical, immunological and virological response of a cohort of 34 AIDS patients in Cienfuegos provinces, who had been treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Males comprised 67.6% of the total number and average age was 32 years. Sexual infection path was identified in 91.2% of cases. The CD4+ T counting under 200 cells defined AIDS in 79.4% of individuals. Twenty six patients suffered minor opportunistic infections (76.5%) whereas 32.4% got sick due to some major opportunistic disease prior to the therapy. After this therapy, these frequencies lowered to 20.6% and 11.8% respectively. Average CD4+ counting at the starting of HAART was 196 cell/mm3 and exceeded 400 cells in the rest of further countings. From a PVC average of 15 251 copies/mL one year after therapy, this figure reduced to 8 048 copies at 2 years. Only 10 cases required hospitalization after a HAART (29.4%). Treatment adherence reached over 80% and was correlated to immunological restoration. Survival after one year was 100% and only 2 patients died in the following 4 years. The positive impact of HAART on the frequency of opportunistic infections, immunological restoration and survival was proved.


Assuntos
Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/tratamento farmacológico , Fármacos Anti-HIV/uso terapêutico , Terapia Antirretroviral de Alta Atividade , Azatioprina/uso terapêutico , Lamivudina/uso terapêutico , Estavudina/uso terapêutico , Viremia/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/epidemiologia , Infecções Oportunistas Relacionadas com a AIDS/prevenção & controle , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/sangue , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/epidemiologia , Síndrome da Imunodeficiência Adquirida/imunologia , Adulto , Fármacos Anti-HIV/administração & dosagem , Azatioprina/administração & dosagem , Contagem de Linfócito CD4 , Cuba/epidemiologia , Feminino , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Lamivudina/administração & dosagem , Masculino , Adesão à Medicação/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Prospectivos , Estavudina/administração & dosagem , Resultado do Tratamento , Carga Viral , Viremia/imunologia
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