Respiratory Complications of COVID-19 Survivors in Bangladesh: A Radiological Evaluation.

Following the COVID-19 pandemic, a growing percentage of COVID-19 survivors exhibit post-COVID symptoms. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess radiological findings in individuals having post-COVID respiratory problems. This study was conducted in the Departments of Radiology and Imaging and Internal Medicine, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh from November 2021 to June 2022 and included 30 COVID survivors aged 40 to 65 years. We employed a pre-tested semi-structured questionnaire including socio-demographic information, clinical data and CT chest imaging parameters. Pearson's correlation coefficient was calculated, as well as multiple linear regressions. Among 30 participants, 56.0% were male. The mean age of the respondents was 51.20 years (standard deviation of 7.09), ranging from 40 to 65 years. Approximately one-third of the participants had at least one co-morbid condition where hypertension (26.67%), diabetes (26.67%), chronic interstitial lung disease (16.67%) and obesity (16.67%) were most commonly recorded. Approximately 20.0% of participants were smokers. The incident of at least one post-COVID symptom was 100.0%. Approximately 73.0% presented with post-COVID lethargy, 16.67% with SoB (Shortness of Breath), and 90.0% of participants complaint of self-reported anxiety. We have found a positive correlation between age and overall lung involvement. The most common lung tomographic findings were fibrosis (93.0%) and diffuse ground glass opacity (70.0%). Interstitial lung thickening was found in 50.0% of cases and bronchiectasis accounted for 16.67%. In 6.6% of cases, there was no pulmonary lesion. It was notifiable that, with time, the feature of DGGO (diffuse ground glass opacity) became subtle and the total lung involvement decreased from 75.0% to about 25.0% during the post-COVID period. Timely assessment for post-COVID pulmonary sequelae by high-resolution CT chest scan might play an important role in modulating a treatment plan for patients suffering from the post-COVID syndrome.

Progression of Disease in COVID-19 Patients Evaluated by Chest CT Imgaing and Correlated with Clinical Parameters.

The objective of the study was to investigate and quantify the severity of COVID-19 infection by high resolution computed tomography (CT) of chest and to determine its relationship with clinical parameters. This study also aimed to see CT changes with clinical recovery or progression of disease. This cross sectional study was performed from July 20 to August 20, 2020, where both chest HRCT and clinical features were included in laboratory confirmed COVID-19, 100 patients, attending the depertment of Radiology & Imaging, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), Dhaka, Bangladesh. This study included clinical symptoms, comorbidities of patients, HRCT chest characteristics, CT severity score. After collection of all required data and careful medical chest review, the clinical data of laboratory confirmed patients was compiled and tabulated. In this study group out of 100 patients, most of the patients were in 5th & 6th dacades with a mean age of 53.7 years. In this study out of 100 patients 72% were male and 28% were female with an average sex ratio of male : female being 2.5:1. Prevalance of various clinical presentation in this study sample population distributed as fever in 76% cough in 77.4%, shortness of breath in 55%, sore throat in 17% were the most common clinical manifestations while a few patients (13.2%) also had other symptoms like headache, chest tightnes, anosmia and diarrhoea. Major comorbid conditions were diabets mellitus, hypertension, bronchial asthma and Chronic kidney disease (CKD). Patient with comorbid disease, especially if multiple had higher symptomatic presentation. Out of 100 patients 75.5% patient had co-morbidity where as 24.5% ptaients did not have any co-existing disease. According to HRCT imaging severity score the lung pathological changes were evaluated, when typical covid findings in 80%, intermediate in 10%, atypical in 2% and normal chest CT findings in 8% patients. Symptomatic presentation had found higher (85.21%) who had CT severity index >15/25 while sympotomatic presentation lesser (14.79%) who had CT severity index <15/25. CT severity index of 1-5 was seen in 20(21.73%) patients, 6-10 in 38(41.30%) patients, 11-15 in 22(23.91% patients, 16-20 in 10(10.86%) patients and 21-25 in 2(2.17%). As positive CT findings were more prominent in symptomatic and co-morbid patients HRCT chest in COVID-19 patient had a major diagnostic and prognostic importance. Clinical symptoms of patients directly correlated with CT severity score. Therefore, CT imaging was found to be useful in predicting clinical recovery of patient or progression of disease.

Evaluation of Diagnostic Performance of Chest CT with RT-PCR in Suspected Coronavirus Patients in Bangladesh.

A cross sectional study was conducted to demonstrate the value of Computed Tomographic (CT) scan in clinically suspected 114 COVID-19 patients with emphasis on identifying and characterizing the most common findings of chest CT. The CT findings were compared and correlated with the results of Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction for corona virus disease. This study was conducted in the Department of Radiology and Imaging, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka with clinically COVID-19 suspected patients. This cross sectional study was performed from July 7 to August 7, 2020 where both chest HRCT and RT-PCR test were included, keeping RT-PCR as the reference standard. Of the 114 patients 104(91.22%) patients had ground glass opacities (with no consolidation), 50(43.85%) patients had ground glass opacity and consolidation. Along with ground glass opacities 60(52.63%) patients had associated crazy paving appearance, 44(39.59%) patients had reverse halo sign, 76(66.66%) patients had vascular thickening and 60(52.63%) patients had fibrotic shadows. Most patients (94%) (98/104) had bilateral chest CT findings. Out of 114 patients, 96 (84%) patients had positive RT-PCR results and 18(15.7%) patients had negative RT-PCR results. Out of 96 RT-PCR positive patients, 90 patients had positive chest CT findings, where was 06 patients had negative CT findings. On the other hand, out of 18 RT-PCR negative patients, 14 patients had positive chest CT findings while 4 patients had negative chest CT findings. To conclude, chest CT imaging has high sensitivity for diagnosis of COVID-19, Data and analysis from our study suggests that chest CT ought to be considered for the COVID-19 as a primary diagnostic tool for early detection of COVID-19 patients where awaited RT-PCR results.

Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) Evaluation of Obstructive Jaundice in Comparison with Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP).

This cross sectional study was carried out in the department of Radiology and Imaging in collaboration with Department of Gastroenterology of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka, Bangladesh from July 2013 to June 2014 to evaluate the efficacy of Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) and ERCP in the management of obstructive jaundice and also to determine diagnostic validity accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of MRCP in evaluation of obstructive jaundice. For this purpose, a total of 60 patients with obstructive jaundice who underwent MRCP and Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in the above mentioned hospital were enrolled. More than one third (35.0%) patients were in 5th decade and the mean age was 46.2±12.9 years. Male female ratio was 1.1:1. Most (45.0%) of the patients had filling defect, 28.3% had concentric stenosis and 26.7% eccentric stenosis. In MRCP findings more than one third (35.0%) patients had choledocholithiasis followed by 26.7% had cholangiocarcinoma, 10.0% benign CBD stricture and 8.3% had ascariasis. In ERCP findings 31.7% patients had choledocholithiasis followed by 16.7% had cholangiocarcinoma, 13.3% benign CBD stricture and 10.0% ascariasis. All patients had increased serum bilirubin.