RESUMO
An epidemiological study was made of vectors and reservoirs of cutaneous leishmaniasis in rural regions of Marvdasht, Fars province, southern Islamic Republic of Iran during 2003-04. Using live traps, 126 rodents were collected: 75.4% were Meriones libycus, 14.3% Cricetulus migratorius and 10.3% Microtus arvalis. Eight out of 95 Meriones libycus (8.4%) were found to be infected with Leishmania major, identified by nested-PCR; none of the other rodents were positive. Female sandflies were collected from indoor locations: 75% were Phlebotomus papatasi and only 2.7% were found naturally infected with L. major. This is the first report of P. papatasi as a proven vector of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in this area.
Assuntos
Reservatórios de Doenças , Vetores de Doenças , Leishmania major/parasitologia , Leishmaniose Cutânea/epidemiologia , Leishmaniose Cutânea/transmissão , Animais , Arvicolinae/parasitologia , Cricetinae , Cricetulus/parasitologia , DNA de Protozoário/análise , DNA de Protozoário/genética , Reservatórios de Doenças/parasitologia , Reservatórios de Doenças/estatística & dados numéricos , Doenças Endêmicas/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Epidemiológicos , Feminino , Gerbillinae/parasitologia , Humanos , Irã (Geográfico)/epidemiologia , Leishmania major/genética , Leishmaniose Cutânea/parasitologia , Leishmaniose Cutânea/veterinária , Masculino , Phlebotomus/parasitologia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/normas , Vigilância da População , Psychodidae/parasitologia , Fatores de Risco , Doenças dos Roedores/epidemiologia , Doenças dos Roedores/parasitologia , Doenças dos Roedores/transmissão , Roedores/parasitologia , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Zoonoses/epidemiologia , Zoonoses/parasitologia , Zoonoses/transmissãoRESUMO
An epidemiological study was made of vectors and reservoirs of cutaneous leishmaniasis in rural regions of Marvdasht, Fars province, southern Islamic Republic of Iran during 2003-04. Using live traps, 126 rodents were collected: 75.4% were Meriones libycus, 14.3% Cricetulus migratorius and 10.3% Microtus arvalis. Eight out of 95 Meriones libycus [8.4%] were found to be infected with Leishmania major, identified by nested-PCR; none of the other rodents were positive. Female sandflies were collected from indoor locations: 75% were Phlebotomus papatasi and only 2.7% were found naturally infected with L. major. This is the first report of P. papatasi as a proven vector of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in this area
Assuntos
Reservatórios de Doenças , Vetores de Doenças , Insetos Vetores , LeishmanioseRESUMO
A study was made in rural regions around Neiriz city, Fars province in the south of the Islamic Republic of Iran during 2002-03 to further investigate a new focus of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis. Meriones libycus was the dominant rodent (100% of 65 rodents collected) and 4.6% were naturally infected with the amastigote form of Leishmania spp. Promasigotes were identified as L. major. This confirms M. libycus as the main reservoir host of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in southern parts of the country.
Assuntos
Reservatórios de Doenças/estatística & dados numéricos , Gerbillinae/parasitologia , Leishmaniose Cutânea/epidemiologia , Leishmaniose Cutânea/veterinária , Doenças dos Roedores/epidemiologia , Zoonoses/epidemiologia , Agricultura , Animais , DNA de Protozoário/análise , DNA de Protozoário/genética , Reservatórios de Doenças/parasitologia , Vetores de Doenças , Doenças Endêmicas/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Incidência , Irã (Geográfico)/epidemiologia , Leishmania major/genética , Leishmania major/parasitologia , Leishmaniose Cutânea/parasitologia , Leishmaniose Cutânea/transmissão , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Vigilância da População , Psychodidae/parasitologia , Fatores de Risco , Doenças dos Roedores/parasitologia , Doenças dos Roedores/transmissão , Saúde da População Rural/estatística & dados numéricos , Zoonoses/parasitologia , Zoonoses/transmissãoRESUMO
To determine the prevalence of helminth eggs in public places and children's playgrounds, 112 soil samples were collected in 26 sites in Shiraz, southern Islamic Republic of Iran, during September 2002-September 2003. Toxocara cati ova were found in 7 (6.3%) samples, 2 had Ascaris lumbricoides ova, 3 had larvae morphologically similar to Strongyloides stercoralis. Coccidia oocysts were also observed in 4 samples. No contamination was observed during the dry season.
Assuntos
Helmintos/parasitologia , Logradouros Públicos , Solo/parasitologia , Saúde da População Urbana , Animais , Ascaris lumbricoides/parasitologia , Doenças do Gato/epidemiologia , Doenças do Gato/parasitologia , Doenças do Gato/prevenção & controle , Gatos , Coccídios/parasitologia , Doenças do Cão/epidemiologia , Doenças do Cão/parasitologia , Doenças do Cão/prevenção & controle , Cães , Monitoramento Ambiental , Monitoramento Epidemiológico , Fezes/parasitologia , Helmintíase Animal/epidemiologia , Helmintíase Animal/parasitologia , Helmintíase Animal/prevenção & controle , Humanos , Irã (Geográfico)/epidemiologia , Larva/parasitologia , Oocistos/parasitologia , Óvulo/parasitologia , Contagem de Ovos de Parasitas/métodos , Prevalência , Logradouros Públicos/estatística & dados numéricos , Estações do Ano , Strongyloides stercoralis/parasitologia , Toxocara/parasitologia , Saúde da População Urbana/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
To determine the prevalence of helminth eggs in public places and children's playgrounds, 112 soil samples were collected in 26 sites in Shiraz, southern Islamic Republic of Iran, during September 2002- September 2003. Toxocara cati ova were found in 7 [6.3%] samples, 2 had Ascaris ova, 3 had larvae morphologically similar to Strongyloides stercoralis. Coccidia oocysts were also observed in 4 samples. No contamination was observed during the dry season
Assuntos
Solo , Ascaríase , Toxocara canis , Strongyloides stercoralis , Prevalência , HelmintíaseRESUMO
A study was made in rural regions around Neiriz city, Fars province in the south of the Islamic Republic of Iran during 2002-03 to further investigate a new focus of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis. Meriones libycus was the dominant rodent [100% of 65 rodents collected] and 4.6% were naturally infected with the amastigote form of Leishmania spp. Promasigotes were identified as L. major. This confirms M. libycus as the main reservoir host of zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in southern parts of the country
Assuntos
Leishmaniose Cutânea , Prevalência , Gerbillinae , Reservatórios de Doenças , ZoonosesRESUMO
DNA was isolated from 92 Giemsa-stained smears of lesions from suspected cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis and used for PCR-based diagnosis of Leishmania infection. Each smear had been examined under a light microscope at x 1,000 and scored for amastigote numbers. Although the smears had been stored for up to 4 years, all the microscopy-positive slides were also positive by PCR and four of the 14 smears that were negative by microscopy (although of lesions that were clinically consistent with leishmaniasis) were also PCR-positive. PCR-based investigations therefore appear to offer an effective method to confirm suspected cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis using (even archived) samples that have been collected, from humans (and reservoir hosts) in the field, by simple methods.
Assuntos
DNA de Protozoário/análise , Leishmania/genética , Leishmaniose Cutânea/diagnóstico , Animais , Corantes Azur , Humanos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Manejo de EspécimesRESUMO
Leishmania parasites isolated in the Islamic of Iran were studied by a random amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR). Of 82 isolates, 80 were from cutaneous lesions, 1 from a human throat lesion and 1 from a dog. Of these, 42 isolates were L. tropica, 36 were L. major and 2 were L. infantum. There were 2 unidentified isolates (from the throat lesion and a cutaneous lesion) and these demonstrated 52% and 48% similarity with L. tropica and L. infantum. Both L. tropica and L. major were isolated from four provinces indicating a recent change in the epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis. L. tropica was isolated from three provinces; L. major from one province. L. infantum was isolated from a human cutaneous lesion and from a dog in Bushehr province.
Assuntos
Leishmania infantum , Leishmania major , Leishmania tropica , Leishmaniose/epidemiologia , Leishmaniose/parasitologia , Animais , Antiprotozoários/uso terapêutico , DNA de Protozoário/análise , DNA de Protozoário/genética , Reservatórios de Doenças/estatística & dados numéricos , Reservatórios de Doenças/veterinária , Doenças do Cão/epidemiologia , Doenças do Cão/parasitologia , Cães , Eletroforese em Gel de Ágar , Doenças Endêmicas/estatística & dados numéricos , Variação Genética/genética , Humanos , Irã (Geográfico)/epidemiologia , Leishmania infantum/genética , Leishmania infantum/isolamento & purificação , Leishmania major/genética , Leishmania major/isolamento & purificação , Leishmania tropica/genética , Leishmania tropica/isolamento & purificação , Leishmaniose/prevenção & controle , Leishmaniose/veterinária , Seleção de Pacientes , Vigilância da População , Técnica de Amplificação ao Acaso de DNA Polimórfico/métodos , Características de Residência/estatística & dados numéricosRESUMO
Leishmania parasites isolated in the Islamic Republic of Iran were studied by a random amplified polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction [RAPD-PCR]. Of 82 isolates, 80 were from cutaneous lesions, 1 from a human throat lesion and 1 from a dog. Of these, 42 isolates were L. tropica, 36 were L. major and 2 were L. infantum. There were 2 unidentified isolates [from the throat lesion and a cutaneous lesion] and these demonstrated 52% and 48% similarity with L. tropica and L. infantum. Both L. tropica and L. major were isolated from four provinces indicating a recent change in the epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis. L. tropica was isolated from three provinces; L. major from one province. L. infantum was isolated from a human cutaneous lesion and from a dog in Bushehr province
Assuntos
Antiprotozoários , DNA de Protozoário , Reservatórios de Doenças , Doenças Endêmicas , Leishmania major , Leishmania tropica , Leishmaniose , Seleção de Pacientes , Técnica de Amplificação ao Acaso de DNA Polimórfico , Leishmania infantumRESUMO
We used the RAPD-PCR method for distinguishing the main Old World Leishmania parasites Leishmania tropica, L. major, and L. infantum and applied it to Sauroleishmania species from Iran. Twelve out of 21 tested primers were suitable for identification of these parasites. The Jaccard similarity index was 0.30 for L. tropica and L. infantum as well as for L. major and L. infantum. The similarity coefficient for L. major and L. infantum was 0.22 and for L. tropica and L. major it was 0.26. These data agree well with established phylogenetic/ taxonomic classification. The index between different isolates derived from various hosts and sandfly vectors for the same Leishmania species was 1, indicating that this method is suitable for epidemiological analysis.
