RESUMO
Access to antiretrovirals has increased the life expectancy of patients living with HIV. However, HIV-viral hepatitis coinfections in countries endemic for these infections make management more difficult. To determine the extent of these coinfections in Gabon, we investigated markers of hepatitis B, C, and E viruses in 762 adults infected with HIV-1 by ELISA. We used real-time PCR to quantify plasma HBV DNA (HBV VL) and amplified HCV and HEV RNA by nested RT-PCR and PCR.The seroprevalence of chronic hepatitis B infection was 9.3 %. Among patients with isolated HBcAc profiles, the prevalence of occult hepatitis B infection was 26.7 %, for a real prevalence (detectable CV-HBV) of 17.3 % of the total population. HCV seroprevalence was 8.8 %. Of the 67 HIV-positive patients, 76.1 % had replicative profiles (detectable HCV RNA), that is, 6.7 % of the total population. For hepatitis E, seroprevalence was 3.5 %. No case of chronic HEV infection was found. In conclusion, this study highlights a high rate of HIV-Hepatitis B, C and E coinfections in Gabon. In addition, we show the interest of looking for chronic infections (replicative profiles) in HIV-infected patients in Gabon. The establishment of technical platforms for this type of research, accessible to middle-income countries, is necessary.
Assuntos
Infecções por HIV/complicações , Hepatite B Crônica/complicações , Hepatite C Crônica/complicações , Hepatite E/complicações , Adolescente , Adulto , Coinfecção , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Gabão/epidemiologia , Infecções por HIV/sangue , Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Hepatite B Crônica/sangue , Hepatite B Crônica/epidemiologia , Hepatite C Crônica/sangue , Hepatite C Crônica/epidemiologia , Hepatite E/sangue , Hepatite E/epidemiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Non-invasive faecal sampling in the equatorial forest in Gabon allowed the first identification of the hepatitis B virus (HBV-Ch(RC170)) genome in samples collected from wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes troglodytes). The HBV-Ch(RCl70)sequence clustered with 100% bootstrap support with previous viral sequences obtained from Pan troglodytes subspecies. This is the first evidence of HBV infection in wild apes and confirms that the HBV-like strains thus far characterized in captive apes are directly related to those circulating in the wild.
Assuntos
Fezes/virologia , Vírus da Hepatite B/isolamento & purificação , Hepatite B/veterinária , Pan troglodytes/virologia , Animais , Animais Selvagens , Gabão , Genoma Viral , Hepadnaviridae/classificação , Hepadnaviridae/genética , Hepatite B/transmissão , Hepatite B/virologia , Vírus da Hepatite B/genética , Filogenia , Doenças dos Primatas/diagnóstico , Doenças dos Primatas/virologia , Análise de Sequência de DNARESUMO
The mandrill (Mandrillus sphinx) has been shown to be infected with an STLV-1 closely related to HTLV-1. Two distinct STLV-1 subtypes (D and F) infect wild mandrills with high overall prevalence (27.0%) but are different with respect to their phylogenetic relationship and parallel to the mandrills' geographic range. The clustering of these new STLV-1mnd sequences with HTLV-1 subtype D and F suggests first, past simian-to-human transmissions in Central Africa and second, that species barriers are easier to cross over than geographic barriers.
