Gold Nanoparticle-Loaded Silica Nanospheres for Sensitive and Selective Electrochemical Detection of Bisphenol A.

In this work, silica nanospheres were used as support for gold nanoparticles and applied for bisphenol A electrochemical detection. The development of new silica-supported materials has attracted increasing attention in the scientific world. One approach of interest is using silica nanospheres as support for gold nanoparticles. These materials have a variety of applications in several areas, such as electrochemical sensors. The obtained materials were characterized by solid-state UV-vis spectroscopy, electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and electrochemical techniques. The electrode modified with AuSiO2700/CHI/Pt was applied as an electrochemical sensor for BPA, presenting an oxidation potential of 0.842 V and a higher peak current among the tested materials. The AuSiO2700/CHI/Pt electrode showed a logarithmic response for the detection of BPA in the range of 1-1000 nmol L-1, with a calculated detection limit of 7.75 nmol L-1 and a quantification limit of 25.8 nmol L-1. Thus, the electrode AuSiO2700/CHI/Pt was presented as a promising alternative to an electrochemical sensor in the detection of BPA.

Comparison of Clinical and Pathological Staging in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer After Neck Dissection.

Introduction Clinical and pathological staging plays an important role on the prognosis of head and neck cancer (HNC) patients. Objective The present study aims to compare clinical and pathological T, N and overall staging in patients with HNC, to identify factors associated with these discrepancies, and to analyze and compare survival or disease-free survival in staging disagreements. Methods Retrospective cohort including every patient submitted to neck dissection from January 2010 to December 2020 in the department of Otorhinolaryngology of a tertiary hospital center. Results A total of 79 patients were analyzed; their mean age was 58.52 ± 13.15 years old and 88.9% were male. Assessing overall staging, discrepancies were noted in 53% (36.4% upstaging and 16.6% downstaging) and were significantly associated with clinical overall staging ( p = 0.006). Regarding T staging, differences were noted in 45.5% (30.3% upstaging and 15.2% downstaging) and were significantly associated with imaging modality ( p = 0.016), clinical T staging ( p = 0.049), and histology ( p = 0.017). Discrepancies in N staging were noted in 38% (25.3% upstaging and 12.7% downstaging) and were significantly associated with age ( p = 0.013), clinical N staging ( p < 0.001), and presence of extranodal invasion ( p < 0.001). Both in Overall, T, and N staging, the aforementioned disagreements were not associated with either higher mortality or higher disease relapse. Conclusion Overall, T, and N staging disagree in an important number of cases, and the overall stage can disagree in up to 53% of the cases. These disagreements do not seem to influence overall and disease-free survival.

Films composed of white angico gum and chitosan containing chlorhexidine as an antimicrobial agent.

Anadenanthera colubrina, popularly known as white angico, is a species extensively cultivated in Brazil, mainly in the cerrado region, including the state of Piauí. This study examines the development of films composed of white angico gum (WAG) and chitosan (CHI) and containing chlorhexidine (CHX), an antimicrobial agent. The solvent casting method was used to prepare films. Different combinations and concentrations of WAG and CHI were used to obtain films with good physicochemical characteristics. Properties such as the in vitro swelling ratio, the disintegration time, folding endurance, and the drug content were determined. The selected formulations were characterised by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetric analysis, and X-ray diffraction, and the CHX release time and antimicrobial activity were evaluated. CHX showed a homogenous distribution in all CHI/WAG film formulations. The optimised films showed good physicochemical properties with 80% CHX release over 26 h, which is considered promising for local treatment of severe lesions in the mouth. Cytotoxicity tests of the films did not show toxicity. The antimicrobial and antifungal effects were very effective against the tested microorganisms.

Comparison of Clinical and Pathological Staging in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer After Neck Dissection

Abstract Introduction Clinical and pathological staging plays an important role on the prognosis of head and neck cancer (HNC) patients. Objective The present study aims to compare clinical and pathological T, N and overall staging in patients with HNC, to identify factors associated with these discrepancies, and to analyze and compare survival or disease-free survival in staging disagreements. Methods Retrospective cohort including every patient submitted to neck dissection from January 2010 to December 2020 in the department of Otorhinolaryngology of a tertiary hospital center. Results A total of 79 patients were analyzed; their mean age was 58.52 ± 13.15 years old and 88.9% were male. Assessing overall staging, discrepancies were noted in 53% (36.4% upstaging and 16.6% downstaging) and were significantly associated with clinical overall staging (p = 0.006). Regarding T staging, differences were noted in 45.5% (30.3% upstaging and 15.2% downstaging) and were significantly associated with imaging modality (p = 0.016), clinical T staging (p = 0.049), and histology (p = 0.017). Discrepancies in N staging were noted in 38% (25.3% upstaging and 12.7% downstaging) and were significantly associated with age (p = 0.013), clinical N staging (p < 0.001), and presence of extranodal invasion (p < 0.001). Both in Overall, T, and N staging, the aforementioned disagreements were not associated with either higher mortality or higher disease relapse. Conclusion Overall, T, and N staging disagree in an important number of cases, and the overall stage can disagree in up to 53% of the cases. These disagreements do not seem to influence overall and disease-free survival.

Gender differences in psychiatric comorbidity and personality characteristics among adults seeking treatment for problematic internet use.

In the present study, we investigated gender differences in personality and psychiatric correlates among adults (N = 115) seeking treatment for problematic internet use (PIU) at a specialized clinic in São Paulo, Brazil. All participants were assessed at the beginning of their treatment for co-occurring psychiatric conditions, other addictive behaviors, and personality characteristics. Women (n = 20) were more likely to present with greater rates of psychiatric comorbidity compared to men (n = 95), including mood disorders, anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, and bulimia nervosa. Women also had a greater severity of certain behavioral addictions, such as compulsive buying and disordered eating. Gender differences were also found across personality characteristics, with women scoring higher on impulsivity, novelty seeking, and self-transcendence compared to men. To our knowledge, the present study is the first to investigate gender differences for PIU in a clinical sample. The results suggest that there are notable gender differences in individuals seeking treatment for PIU which underscores the importance of assessing for co-occurring conditions, especially in women. Understanding the characteristics associated with PIU can help serve to inform the most appropriate interventions to bolster treatment outcomes.

Recommendations for the management of cardiovascular risk in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia on tyrosine kinase inhibitors: risk assessment, stratification, treatment and monitoring

ABSTRACT This manuscript summarizes the results of the consensus meeting composed of hematologists and cardiologists to establish recommendations for the prevention and follow-up of cardiovascular (CV) risk in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treated with BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) from the point of view of clinical practice and from the perspective of hematology consultation.In the first medical appointment, the CV risk factors should be identified to perform the baseline risk stratification, based on the Brazilian Guideline of Dyslipidemia and Atherosclerosis Prevention Update (risk levels: very high, high, intermediate and low).Once stratified, the treatment of the CV risk factors should be administered. If the patient presents risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, renal disease, smoking and hypercholesterolemia, the evaluation and initial treatment may be done by the hematologist, being an option the request for evaluation by a specialist. If the patient has a history of previous CV disease, we recommend referral to a specialist. As the CV risk score is dynamic and the control of risk factors can reduce the patient risk, this expert consensus recommends that the re-evaluation of the CV risk after the baseline should be performed at 3 months, 6 months and 12 months. After this period, it should be done annually and, for specific patients, at the clinician's discretion.The evaluation of the baseline CV risk and the safe administration of a TKI allow the patient to benefit from the maximum treatment, avoiding unwanted effects.

Recommendations for the management of cardiovascular risk in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia on tyrosine kinase inhibitors: risk assessment, stratification, treatment and monitoring.

This manuscript summarizes the results of the consensus meeting composed of hematologists and cardiologists to establish recommendations for the prevention and follow-up of cardiovascular (CV) risk in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treated with BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) from the point of view of clinical practice and from the perspective of hematology consultation. In the first medical appointment, the CV risk factors should be identified to perform the baseline risk stratification, based on the Brazilian Guideline of Dyslipidemia and Atherosclerosis Prevention Update (risk levels: very high, high, intermediate and low). Once stratified, the treatment of the CV risk factors should be administered. If the patient presents risk factors, such as hypertension, diabetes, renal disease, smoking and hypercholesterolemia, the evaluation and initial treatment may be done by the hematologist, being an option the request for evaluation by a specialist. If the patient has a history of previous CV disease, we recommend referral to a specialist. As the CV risk score is dynamic and the control of risk factors can reduce the patient risk, this expert consensus recommends that the re-evaluation of the CV risk after the baseline should be performed at 3 months, 6 months and 12 months. After this period, it should be done annually and, for specific patients, at the clinician's discretion. The evaluation of the baseline CV risk and the safe administration of a TKI allow the patient to benefit from the maximum treatment, avoiding unwanted effects.

Cutaneous parasitism in patients with American visceral leishmaniasis in an endemic area.

INTRODUCTION: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) represents a public health concern in several areas of the world. In the American continent, VL transmission is typically zoonotic, but humans with active VL caused by Leishmania infantum are able to infect sandflies. Thus, individuals with cutaneous parasitic infections may act as reservoirs and allow interhuman transmission. Additionally, the skin may be responsible for reactivation of the disease after therapy. This study's objective was to evaluate cutaneous parasitism in humans with VL in an American endemic area. METHODS: A cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted in northeast Brazil from October 2016 to April 2017. Biopsies of healthy skin for histopathology and immunohistochemistry were performed prior to treatment in all study patients. RESULTS: Twenty-two patients between the ages of five months to 78 years were included in the study. Seven patients (31.8%) tested positive for HIV. Only one patient had cutaneous parasitism, as confirmed by immunohistochemistry prior to treatment. Parasitism was not detected after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Cutaneous parasitism in the healthy skin of humans with visceral leishmaniasis, although unusual, may be a source of infection for phlebotomine sandflies.

Cutaneous parasitism in patients with American visceral leishmaniasis in an endemic area

Abstract INTRODUCTION: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) represents a public health concern in several areas of the world. In the American continent, VL transmission is typically zoonotic, but humans with active VL caused by Leishmania infantum are able to infect sandflies. Thus, individuals with cutaneous parasitic infections may act as reservoirs and allow interhuman transmission. Additionally, the skin may be responsible for reactivation of the disease after therapy. This study's objective was to evaluate cutaneous parasitism in humans with VL in an American endemic area. METHODS: A cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted in northeast Brazil from October 2016 to April 2017. Biopsies of healthy skin for histopathology and immunohistochemistry were performed prior to treatment in all study patients. RESULTS: Twenty-two patients between the ages of five months to 78 years were included in the study. Seven patients (31.8%) tested positive for HIV. Only one patient had cutaneous parasitism, as confirmed by immunohistochemistry prior to treatment. Parasitism was not detected after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Cutaneous parasitism in the healthy skin of humans with visceral leishmaniasis, although unusual, may be a source of infection for phlebotomine sandflies.

The Portuguese version of the RhinoQOL Questionnaire: validation and clinical application, / Versão portuguesa do Questionário RhinoQOL: validação e aplicação clínica

ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION: Rhinosinusitis constitutes an important health problem, with significant interference in personal, professional, and social functioning. This study presents the validation process of the Portuguese version of the RhinoQOL, to be used as a routine procedure in the assessment of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate that the Portuguese version of the RhinoQOL is as valid as the English version to measure symptoms and health-related quality of life in chronic rhinosinusitis. METHODS: The Portuguese version of the RhinoQOL was administered consecutively to 58 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyps, assessed for endoscopic sinus surgery. A follow-up survey was completed three months after surgery. Statistical analysis was performed to determine its psychometric properties. RESULTS: Face and content validity were confirmed by similar internal consistency as the original questionnaire for each sub-scale, and strong correlation between individual items and total score. The questionnaire was easy and quick to administer (5.5 min). At three months, there was a significant decrease from baseline for all sub-scale scores, indicating clinical improvement, with an effect size considered as large. CONCLUSION: This study provides a questionnaire that is equivalent to the original English version, with good responsiveness to change, which can be especially valuable to measure the outcome of surgery.

RESUMO INTRODUÇÃO: A rinossinusite constitui um importante problema de saúde, com interferência significante na vida pessoal, e sócio-profissional dos pacientes. Este estudo apresenta o processo de validação da versão do RhinoQOL na língua portuguesa para ser usado em pacientes portadores de rinossinusite crônica. OBJETIVO: Demonstrar que a versão do RhinoQOL na língua portuguesa é tão válida quanto a versão inglesa na medição dos sintomas e qualidade de vida dos pacientes com rinossinusite crônica. MÉTODO: A versão em português do RhinoQOL foi aplicada consecutivamente a 58 pacientes com rinossinusite crônica, com e sem pólipos nasais, previamente à cirurgia endoscópica nasal, tendo sido reavaliados aos 3 meses de pós-operatório. Análise estatística foi realizada para determinar as suas propriedades psicométricas. RESULTADO: A validade de conteúdo foi confirmada por uma consistência interna similar à do questionário original, para cada sub-escala, e por uma forte correlação entre cada item e o score total. A aplicação do questionário foi fácil e rápida (5,5 min). Aos 3 meses, verificou-se uma redução significativa dos scores de todas as sub-escalas, indicando melhoria clínica, com um tamanho de efeito considerado grande. CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo fornece um questionário que é equivalente à versão original, com boa sensibilidade à mudança, o que pode ser especialmente útil na medição do impacto da cirurgia.

The Portuguese version of the RhinoQOL Questionnaire: validation and clinical application.

INTRODUCTION: Rhinosinusitis constitutes an important health problem, with significant interference in personal, professional, and social functioning. This study presents the validation process of the Portuguese version of the RhinoQOL, to be used as a routine procedure in the assessment of patients with chronic rhinosinusitis. OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate that the Portuguese version of the RhinoQOL is as valid as the English version to measure symptoms and health-related quality of life in chronic rhinosinusitis. METHODS: The Portuguese version of the RhinoQOL was administered consecutively to 58 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with and without nasal polyps, assessed for endoscopic sinus surgery. A follow-up survey was completed three months after surgery. Statistical analysis was performed to determine its psychometric properties. RESULTS: Face and content validity were confirmed by similar internal consistency as the original questionnaire for each sub-scale, and strong correlation between individual items and total score. The questionnaire was easy and quick to administer (5.5min). At three months, there was a significant decrease from baseline for all sub-scale scores, indicating clinical improvement, with an effect size considered as large. CONCLUSION: This study provides a questionnaire that is equivalent to the original English version, with good responsiveness to change, which can be especially valuable to measure the outcome of surgery.

Derivation of a clinical decision rule for predictive factors for the development of pharyngocutaneous fistula postlaryngectomy / Derivação de uma regra de decisão clínica para predição de desenvolvimento de fístula faringocutânea pós laringectomia

INTRODUCTION: Pharyngocutaneous fistula after larynx and hypopharynx cancer surgery can cause several damages. This study's aim was to derive a clinical decision rule to predict pharyngocutaneous fistula development after pharyngolaryngeal cancer surgery.METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted, including all patients performing total laryngectomy/pharyngolaryngectomy (n = 171). Association between pertinent variables and pharyngocutaneous fistula development was assessed and a predictive model proposed.RESULTS: American Society of Anesthesiologists scale, chemoradiotherapy, and tracheotomy before surgery were associated with fistula in the univariate analysis. In the multivariate analysis, only American Society of Anesthesiologists maintained statistical significance. Using logistic regression, a predictive model including the following was derived: American Society of Anesthesiologists, alcohol, chemoradiotherapy, tracheotomy, hemoglobin and albumin pre-surgery, local extension, N-classification, and diabetes mellitus. The model's score area under the curve was 0.76 (95% CI 0.64-0.87). The high-risk group presented specificity of 93%, positive likelihood ratio of 7.10, and positive predictive value of 76%. Including the medium-low, medium-high, and high-risk groups, a sensitivity of 92%, negative likelihood ratio of 0.25, and negative predictive value of 89% were observed.CONCLUSION: A clinical decision rule was created to identify patients with high risk of pharyngocutaneous fistula development. Prognostic accuracy measures were substantial. Nevertheless, it is essential to conduct larger prospective studies for validation and refinement.

INTRODUÇÃO: Fístula faringocutânea após cirurgia de câncer de laringe e hipofaringe causa diversos danos. Nosso objetivo foi derivar uma regra de decisão clínica (RDC) para predizer o desenvolvimento da fístula faringocutânea após cirurgia.MÉTODO: Estudo de coorte retrospectivo incluindo todos os pacientes submetidos à laringectomia total e faringolaringectomia (n = 171). Analisou-se a associação entre as variáveis pertinentes e o desenvolvimento da fístula e foi proposto um modelo preditivo.RESULTADOS: Na análise univariada, a ASA, quimioradioterapia (QRT) e traqueostomia antes da cirurgia foram associadas à fístula. Na análise multivariada, somente a ASA manteve-se estatisticamente significante. Por regressão logística, derivamos um modelo preditivo incluindo: ASA, álcool, QRT, traqueostomia, hemoglobina e albumina pré-operatórias, extensão local, N, DM. A curva ROC do modelo foi 0,76 (95% CI 0,64−0,87). O grupo de alto risco teve especificidade 93%, Likelihood positivo 7,10 e valor preditivo positivo 76%. Incluindo os grupos de médio baixo, médio alto e alto risco, temos sensibilidade de 92%, Likelihood negativo 0,25 e valor preditivo positivo 89%.CONCLUSÃO: Criamos uma RDC para identificar os pacientes de alto risco ao desenvolvimento da fístula faringocutânea. As medidas de acurácia prognóstica foram substanciais. Entretanto, é essencial conduzir estudos prospectivos maiores para validação/refinamento do modelo.

Derivation of a clinical decision rule for predictive factors for the development of pharyngocutaneous fistula postlaryngectomy.

INTRODUCTION: Pharyngocutaneous fistula after larynx and hypopharynx cancer surgery can cause several damages. This study's aim was to derive a clinical decision rule to predict pharyngocutaneous fistula development after pharyngolaryngeal cancer surgery. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted, including all patients performing total laryngectomy/pharyngolaryngectomy (n=171). Association between pertinent variables and pharyngocutaneous fistula development was assessed and a predictive model proposed. RESULTS: American Society of Anesthesiologists scale, chemoradiotherapy, and tracheotomy before surgery were associated with fistula in the univariate analysis. In the multivariate analysis, only American Society of Anesthesiologists maintained statistical significance. Using logistic regression, a predictive model including the following was derived: American Society of Anesthesiologists, alcohol, chemoradiotherapy, tracheotomy, hemoglobin and albumin pre-surgery, local extension, N-classification, and diabetes mellitus. The model's score area under the curve was 0.76 (95% CI 0.64-0.87). The high-risk group presented specificity of 93%, positive likelihood ratio of 7.10, and positive predictive value of 76%. Including the medium-low, medium-high, and high-risk groups, a sensitivity of 92%, negative likelihood ratio of 0.25, and negative predictive value of 89% were observed. CONCLUSION: A clinical decision rule was created to identify patients with high risk of pharyngocutaneous fistula development. Prognostic accuracy measures were substantial. Nevertheless, it is essential to conduct larger prospective studies for validation and refinement.

Predictive factors for the postlaryngectomy pharyngocutaneous fistula development: systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: Pharyngocutaneous fistula is considered one of the major complications in the postoperative period after total laryngectomy/pharyngolaryngectomy, leading to a severe adverse impact for the patient and society. This study aimed to identify all the described pharyngocutaneous fistula predictive factors and risk classifications. METHODS: Research was conducted to identify all the studies assessing predictive factors and risk classification for pharyngocutaneous fistula development published until April of 2012 (n = 846). The included studies were analyzed and data regarding their identification, methodological quality and results were recorded. RESULTS: A total of 39 studies were included. The variables consistently reported as associated with fistula development were nutritional deficiency, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification, high consumption of alcohol, anemia and hypoalbuminemia, co-morbidities, advanced N stage, location and extent of primary tumor, pre-radiotherapy and pre-chemoradiotherapy treatment, emergency tracheotomy, surgical margin status, surgery's duration, surgeon's experience, local complications of the wound, performance of intraoperative blood transfusion and relationship between nasogastric tube and oral feeding. CONCLUSION: Several risk factors were associated with pharyngocutaneous fistula formation in the included studies. However, there is still no consensus in the most pertinent selection. Only two classification systems were retrieved and they were not able to accurately predict pharyngocutaneous fistula.

Fatores preditivos para desenvolvimento da fístula faringocutânea: revisão sistemática / Predictive factors for the postlaryngectomy pharyngocutaneous fistula development: systematic review

Objetivo: Fístula faringocutânea é uma das maiores complicações pós-operatórias de laringectomia total e faringolaringectomia, podendo causar graves efeitos adversos ao paciente e à sociedade. Nosso objetivo é identificar todos os fatores preditivos e as classificações do risco descrito para a formação da fístula. Método: Pesquisa racional foi realizada para identificação de todos os estudos sobre fatores preditivos e classificações/probabilidade de risco ao desenvolvimento da fistula faringocutânea, publicados até abril de 2012 (n = 846). Os estudos incluídos foram analisados e os dados, a identificação, a qualidade metodológica e os resultados foram registrados. Resultados: Um total de 39 estudos foi incluído. As variáveis relacionadas foram deficiência nutricional, ASA, alto consumo de álcool, anemia e hipoalbuminemia, comorbilidades, N avançado, localização/extensão do tumor primário, tratamentos pré- cirúrgicos radioterapia/ quimioradioterapia, traqueostomia de emergência, status das margens cirúrgicas, duração da cirurgia, experiência do cirurgião, complicações locais da ferida cirúrgica, transfusão de sangue intraoperatória e relação entre sonda nasogástrica e alimentação oral. Conclusão: Nos estudos, muitos fatores de risco são associados ao desenvolvimento da fístula faringocutânea. Entretanto, ainda não existe um consenso sobre a seleção dos fatores mais influentes. Foram encontrados somente dois sistemas de classificações de riscos, e nenhum deles foi preditivo do desenvolvimento da fístula faringocutânea. .

Objective: Pharyngocutaneous fistula is considered one of the major complications in the postoperative period after total laryngectomy/pharyngolaryngectomy, leading to a severe adverse impact for the patient and society. This study aimed to identify all the described pharyngocutaneous fistula predictive factors and risk classifications. Methods: Research was conducted to identify all the studies assessing predictive factors and risk classification for pharyngocutaneous fistula development published until April of 2012 (n = 846). The included studies were analyzed and data regarding their identification, methodological quality and results were recorded. Results: A total of 39 studies were included. The variables consistently reported as associated with fistula development were nutritional deficiency, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification, high consumption of alcohol, anemia and hypoalbuminemia, co-morbidities, advanced N stage, location and extent of primary tumor, pre-radiotherapy and pre-chemoradiotherapy treatment, emergency tracheotomy, surgical margin status, surgery's duration, surgeon's experience, local complications of the wound, performance of intraoperative blood transfusion and relationship between nasogastric tube and oral feeding. Conclusion: Several risk factors were associated with pharyngocutaneous fistula formation in the included studies. However, there is still no consensus in the most pertinent selection. Only two classification systems were retrieved and they were not able to accurately predict pharyngocutaneous fistula. .

Humanização e desmedicalização da assistência à mulher: do ensino à prática / Humanización y desmedicalización de la asistencia a la mujer: de la enseñanza a la práctica / Humanization and dismedicalization of assistance to women: from teaching to practice

Estudo histórico-social, que teve como objetivo discutir a inserção da Faculdade de Enfermagem da Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FENF/UERJ) na humanização e desmedicalização da assistência à mulher no município do Rio de Janeiro. As fontes primárias foram documentos escritos, legislações e depoimentos orais obtidos no período de janeiro a março de 2008. O projeto foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa e respeitou os requisitos da Resolução nº 196/96. Os resultados evidenciaram que a FENF/UERJ contribuiu para a humanização da assistência à mulher, o que ocorreu na implantação da consulta de enfermagem no pré-natal de baixo risco, na qualificação de enfermeiras obstétricas para a rede municipal de saúde e no processo de criação e implantação da Casa de Parto David Capistrano Filho, demonstrando que os docentes tiveram papel relevante no processo de humanização e desmedicalização da assistência à mulher.

Social-historical study, which aims at discussing the insertion of the Nursing School of the Rio de Janeiro State University (FENF/UERJ) in the dismedicalization and humanization of assistance to women in Rio de Janeiro. Primary sources comprised written documents, laws, and oral reports, obtained from January to March, 2008. The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee and abode by the provisions in Resolution 196/96. Results showed that FENF/UERJ has had a relevant contribution to the humanization of assistance to women on three fronts: [1] establishing nursing consultation at low-risk prenatal; [2] training obstetric nurses; and [3] setting up the David Capistrano Filho Childbirth House. Professors were found to play a major role in the process of humanization and dismedicalization of assistance to women.

El objetivo de este estudio histórico social fue discutir la integración de la Escuela de Enfermería de la Universidad del Estado de Río de Janeiro (FENF / UERJ) em la desmedicalización y humanización de la atención a la mujer en Río de Janeiro-RJ-Brasil. Las fuentes primarias fueron documentos escritos, leyes y testimonios orales obtenidos durante el período de enero a marzo de 2008. El proyecto fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética y respetó los requisitos de la Resolución nº 196/96. Los resultados mostraron que la FENF / UERJ contribuyó para la humanización de la atención, con la ejecución de la consulta de enfermería en el prenatal de bajo riesgo, formación de enfermeras obstétricas para la red municipal de saludo y en el proceso de creación e implantación de la Casa de Parto David Capistrano Filho, demonstrando que los profesores tuvieron importante papel en el proceso de humanización y desmedicalizacion de la asistencia a la mujer.

Efeitos da EENM associada à contração voluntária sobre a força de preensão palmar / NMES effects assocaited with the voluntary contraction on the grip strength

Introdução: A Estimulação Elétrica Neuromuscular (EENM) é um recurso frequentemente utilizado para proporcionar aumento da força e hipertrofia muscular. O protocolo e a técnica de aplicação são fatores importantes para a efetividade dos resultados. Objetivo: Verificar os efeitos de quatro protocolos de EENM sobre a força de preensão plamar em voluntários sadios. Metodologia: Participaram do estudo 29 voluntários divididos em 5 grupos: G1 - EENM com Corrente Russa em musculatura extrínsica de punho e dedos; G2 - semelhante ao G1, além de contração voluntária associada; G3- EENM com baixa frequência; G4- EENM com baixa frequência e contração voluntária associada; e, G5 - controle. Avaliou-se a força de preensão palmar através da dinamometria, prévio ao uso da EENM, após 12 e 24 sessões. O procedimento de eletroestimualação ocorreu 3 vezes por semana, durante 8 semanas, totalizou 10 contrações nos 12 primeiros dias de tratamento, finalizando com 20 contrações nos 12 dias restantes. Resultados: Os resultados demonstraram aumentos de força em G1, G2, G3 e G4 ao final das terapias. Conclusão: Concluiu-se que os que os quatro protocolos de EENM promoveram aumento da força de preensão, e não houve predomínio de nenhum dos protocolos.

Casa de Parto David Capistrano Filho: a participação das enfermeiras nas lutas do campo obstétrico / David Capistrano Filho Childbirth House: participation of nurses at fights of the obstetric field

Trata-se de um estudo de natureza histórico-social, cujo objeto são as lutas simbólicas para criação e implantação da Casa de Parto David Capistrano Filho. A delimitação temporal do estudo abrange o período de 2002 a 2004. Os objetivos da pesquisa são: descrever as circunstâncias que determinaram a criação e implantação da Casa de Parto David Capistrano Filho (CPDCF) no Rio de Janeiro; analisar as lutas empreendidas pelos diferentes agentes para a criação e implantação da Casa de Parto David Capistrano Filho; e discutir os efeitos simbólicos das lutas para as enfermeiras no campo da obstetrícia. A pesquisa teve como suporte teórico os conceitos do sociólogo francês Pierre Bourdieu e utilizou o método da história oral temática. O estudo contou com treze agentes, cujas entrevistas foram gravadas e transcritas, respeitando-se os aspectos éticos da Resolução 196/96. As fontes primárias do estudo foram os depoimentos, legislações, decisões judiciais, projetos, atas e artigos. Os resultados revelam que as concepções do Movimento Feminista, os pressupostos teóricos do movimento de humanização do parto e nascimento, a posição política liderada pela OMS e pelo Ministério da Saúde e as condições sociais e políticas no município do Rio de Janeiro se constituíram em estímulos para a criação da CPDCF. Diante disso, agentes do campo obstétrico se envolveram em lutas simbólicas, e associações da classe médica passaram a lutar contra a criação e implantação da CPDCF. Nessa luta, as enfermeiras foram instigadas a transformar em práticas as disposições incorporadas (habitus) durante sua trajetória social e profissional, quando fizeram alianças com diversos segmentos sociais, buscando implantar a CPDCF e, posteriormente, manter essa unidade de saúde como um espaço da enfermagem obstétrica...

It is a historical-social study, whose object is the symbolic fights for creation and implantation of the David Capistrano Filho Childbirth House (CPDCF). The temporary delimitation of the study includes the period from 2002 to 2004. The aims of the research are: to describe the circumstances that determined the creation and implantation of the David Capistrano Filho Childbirth House in Rio de Janeiro; to analyze the fights undertaken by the different agents for the creation and implantation of the David Capistrano Filho Childbirth House; and to discuss the symbolic effects of the fights for the nurses in the field of obstetrics. The research has as theoretical support the concepts of the french sociologist Pierre Bourdieu and uses the method of thematic oral history. The study counted on thirteen agents, whose interviews were recorded and transcribed, being respected the ethical aspects of the Resolution 196/96. The primary sources of the study were interviews, legislations, judgments, projects, minutes and articles. The results revealed that conceptions of the Feminist Movement, theoretical assumptions of the movement of humanizing delivery, political position led by WHO and Brazil’s Health Ministry and social and political conditions in the district of Rio de Janeiro constituted in incentives for the creation of the CPDCF. Agents of the obstetric field engaged themselves in symbolical fights. Therefore, associations of the medical class started to struggle against the creation and implantation of CPDCF. Thereby, nurses were stimulated to transform in practices their habitus during their social and professional path, making alliances with several social segments, looking for implant CPDCF and, later on, maintain that unit of health as a space of the obstetric nursing...