RESUMO
This is a prospective study conducted as part of a voluntary testing for HBV, HCV and HIV. The aim of the study is to determine the seroprevalence of HBs Ag and anti-HCV antibodies among HIV infected people and a control group of HIV negative people. HIV prevalence among newly diagnosed volunteers is 9.1%. The overall seroprevalence of HBs Ag and anti-HCV antibodies is respectively 13.5% and 2.0%. The seroprevalence of HBs Ag and anti-HCVantibodies in the control group (HIV-negative) is respectively 12.2% and 2%. The seroprevalence of HBs Ag and anti-HCV antibodies among HIV infected people (old and new) is respectively 16.1% and 1%.This study, the first one conducted in Chad, has allowed us to know the seroprevalence of HBs Ag and anti-HCV antibodies among HIV infected people.
Assuntos
Infecções por HIV/epidemiologia , Antígenos de Superfície da Hepatite B/sangue , Hepatite B/epidemiologia , Hepatite C/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Chade/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Comorbidade , Feminino , Anticorpos Anti-Hepatite C/sangue , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Several tests have been proposed for evaluating dyspeptic symptoms and their relationship to the underlying gastric disease. Serum pepsinogens and gastrin-17 are known to be useful biomarkers for the detection of gastric pathologies. AIM: To evaluate the capability of screening dyspeptic patients in the primary care by analyses of serum pepsinogens I (sPGI) and II (sPGII), gastrin-17 (sG-17) and the IgG anti-Helicobacter pylori antibodies (IgG-Hp). PATIENTS AND METHODS: Three hundred and sixty-two consecutive patients with dyspeptic symptoms (208 females, mean age 50.6 +/- 16 years, range 18-88 years) referred by general practitioners for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were enrolled. A blood sample was taken from each subject for IgG-Hp, sPGI, sPGII and sG-17 analyses. RESULTS: Two hundred and eighty-seven patients had a complete screening; of these, 132 resulted positive for Hp infection. Patients with atrophic chronic gastritis showed significantly lower serum pepsinogen I levels and sPGI/sPGII ratio than patients with non-atrophic chronic gastritis. Moreover, by calculating the values of sPGI by sG-17 and sG-17 by sPGII/sPGI, subjects with atrophic chronic gastritis could be distinguished from those with non-atrophic chronic gastritis and from those with normal mucosa, respectively. sG-17 levels were found to be a useful biomarker for the detection of antral atrophic gastritis, while the combination of sPGI, the sPGI/sPGII ratio and sG-17 was found effective in identifying corpus atrophy. CONCLUSION: A panel composed of PGI, PGII, G-17 and IgG-Hp could be used as a first approach in the 'test and scope' and/or 'test and treat' strategy in the primary care management of dyspeptic patients.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Antibacterianos/análise , Dispepsia/sangue , Gastrinas/sangue , Gastrite/diagnóstico , Helicobacter pylori/imunologia , Pepsinogênio A/sangue , Pepsinogênio C/sangue , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Doença Crônica , Dispepsia/etiologia , Feminino , Gastrite/complicações , Gastrite/microbiologia , Gastroscopia , Humanos , Imunoglobulina G/imunologia , Masculino , Programas de Rastreamento , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Atenção Primária à SaúdeRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Relatives of patients with gastric cancer are at increased risk of developing this disease, especially if they are infected by Helicobacter pylori. Moreover, H. pylori-related atrophic gastritis and hypochlorhydria are well-documented risk factors for noncardia gastric cancer. Serum pepsinogen I (sPGI) and II (sPGII) levels are low in this condition. The aim of our study was to assess by means of a 'Gastropanel' blood test, including sPGI, sPGII, gastrin-17 (G-17) and antibodies anti-H. pylori (IgG-Hp). both functional and morphological features of gastric mucosa in Hp + ve subjects with a family history of gastric cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-five Hp + ve subjects consecutively referred to our department for gastrointestinal complaints, selected as first-degree relatives of patients suffering from gastric cancer, were enrolled in the study and then matched for sex and age with 25 dyspeptic and Hp + ve subjects with no family history of gastric neoplasia. Blood samples were taken for determination of gastropanel in all patients; in addition, antibodies against CagA were analysed. RESULTS: No statistically significant differences were detected between the two groups as regards alcohol consumption, coffee intake and smoking habits. Mean sPGI levels in Group A (83.4 +/- 58.4 microg/L) were significantly lower than those in Group B (sPGI 159.5 +/- 80.6 microg/L; P < 0.0001) as well as sPGII (12.5 microg/L = 6.24 versus 20.6 +/- 58 microg/L; P < 0.006). No statistical difference was found between the two groups in relation to G-17 levels, IgG-Hp titres and antibodies against CagA. CONCLUSION: First-degree relatives of patients with noncardia gastric cancer affected by H. pylori infection present lower sPGI and sPGII levels, possibly due to the increased frequency of atrophic lesions in these patients.
Assuntos
Infecções por Helicobacter/complicações , Helicobacter pylori , Neoplasias Gástricas/diagnóstico , Neoplasias Gástricas/genética , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/sangue , Antígenos de Bactérias/imunologia , Proteínas de Bactérias/imunologia , Biomarcadores/sangue , Dispepsia/microbiologia , Saúde da Família , Feminino , Gastrinas/sangue , Gastrite Atrófica/complicações , Gastrite Atrófica/microbiologia , Predisposição Genética para Doença , Helicobacter pylori/imunologia , Humanos , Imunoglobulina G/sangue , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pepsinogênio A/sangue , Pepsinogênio C/sangue , Neoplasias Gástricas/microbiologiaRESUMO
The structures of two new flavonoid triglycosides isolated from leaves of Buddleja madagascariensis have been established as hesperetin and diosmetin 7-O (2",6"- di-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl)-beta-D-glucopyranosides using mass and NMR spectroscopy. Scutellarien 7-glucoside is reported from this plant for the first time.
Assuntos
Flavonoides/isolamento & purificação , Glicosídeos/isolamento & purificação , Plantas Medicinais/química , Sequência de Carboidratos , Cromatografia em Camada Fina , Flavonoides/química , Glicosídeos/química , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Estrutura MolecularAssuntos
Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Antiprotozoários/farmacologia , Plantas/química , Saponinas/farmacologia , Animais , Anti-Infecciosos/química , Anti-Infecciosos/toxicidade , Antifúngicos/química , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Antifúngicos/toxicidade , Antiprotozoários/química , Antiprotozoários/toxicidade , Sequência de Carboidratos , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Moluscocidas/química , Moluscocidas/farmacologia , Moluscocidas/toxicidade , Extratos Vegetais/química , Saponinas/química , Saponinas/toxicidade , Caramujos , Espectrometria de Massas de Bombardeamento Rápido de ÁtomosRESUMO
The leaves of Buddleja madagascariensis are traditionally used to treat asthma, coughs and bronchitis. In this report we describe, for the first time, the identification of mimengoside B, a triterpenoid saponin, in the leaves of this plant.
Assuntos
Plantas Medicinais/química , Saponinas/isolamento & purificação , Triterpenos/isolamento & purificação , Sequência de Carboidratos , Cromatografia em Camada Fina , Madagáscar , Espectroscopia de Ressonância Magnética , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Saponinas/química , Espectrometria de Massas de Bombardeamento Rápido de Átomos , Triterpenos/químicaRESUMO
Both TIVA using propofol and conventional thiopentone/isoflurane/nitrous oxide technique provided satisfactory anaesthesia for dental day surgery. However, TIVA using propofol is our preferred technique due to its faster and better quality of recovery.
Assuntos
Anestesia Dentária/métodos , Anestesia por Inalação/métodos , Anestesia Intravenosa/métodos , Anestésicos Inalatórios/administração & dosagem , Anestésicos Intravenosos/administração & dosagem , Hospital Dia , Isoflurano/administração & dosagem , Propofol/administração & dosagem , Adolescente , Período de Recuperação da Anestesia , Anestesia Dentária/efeitos adversos , Anestesia Dentária/estatística & dados numéricos , Anestesia por Inalação/efeitos adversos , Anestesia por Inalação/estatística & dados numéricos , Anestesia Intravenosa/efeitos adversos , Anestesia Intravenosa/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Extração DentáriaRESUMO
Ketones deuteriated alpha to the carbonyl have been observed to undergo significant isotope exchange on fused-silica capillary columns during gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The residence time of the compounds on the column was found to influence the extent of isotope exchange. The degree of exchange was examined using a variety of columns and the isotope exchange was found to occur even with brand new columns. Conversion of the keto compounds into the methyloxime derivatives resulted in retention of the "correct" isotope content during gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
Assuntos
Deutério , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Hidrogênio , Cetonas/química , Temperatura , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Lumpy skin disease (LSD) virus (LSDV) was isolated for the first time from cattle in Egypt in 2 disease outbreaks. Bovine herpesvirus-4 (BHV-4) and LSDV were detected in a pooled sample from the first outbreak (Suez). Only LSDV was isolated from the second outbreak (Ismalia). The capripoxviruses were identified as LSDV by neutralization with specific antiserum and by their ability to produce generalized LSD in experimentally inoculated cattle.