Imunidade celular em caninos neonatos - do nascimento ao 45° dia de idade / Cellular immunity in canine newborns - from birth to the 45th day of life

O objetivo do presente trabalho foi acompanhar o desenvolvimento imunológico dos neonatos caninos, a fim de avaliar a imunidade celular pela análise dos leucócitos e linfócitos totais e das subpopulações de linfócitos T (CD4+ e CD8+) pela técnica de citometria de fluxo. Foram utilizados 30 cães neonatos de ambos os sexos, sem raça definida, aos três, 10, 17, 24, 31, 38 e 45 dias de idade. A contagem de leucócitos totais aos 45 dias (11.639±3.574) foi significativamente maior que no terceiro dia de idade (8.740±1.812) (P<0,05); não houve diferença entre a contagem total de linfócitos aos 45 dias em relação ao terceiro dia de idade. Quanto às subpopulações de LT CD4+ e LT CD8+, os percentuais de LT CD4+, aos três dias de idade (24,9±16,8 por cento), foram inferiores quando comparados à média entre o 10°, o 24° e o 31°dia (35,5 por cento), e os de CD8+, ao terceiro dia, menores em relação às médias do 10° e do 31° dia de idade. Pode-se concluir que as subpopulações de LT CD4+ e CD8+ sofrem oscilações durante o desenvolvimento pós-natal, sendo estas crescentes em relação aos níveis obtidos aos três dias de idade. A relação CD4+:CD8+ mostrou superioridade para o primeiro tipo celular, sendo que a maior relação entre CD4+ e CD8+ ocorreu no terceiro dia de idade. Com base nos resultados obtidos neste estudo, notaram-se as diferenças semanais nas populações linfocitárias, o que demonstra a dinâmica dessas células durante o período neonatal...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the immune development of newborn canines, evaluating the cellular immunity by analysis of leukocyte and lymphocyte totals and sub-population of T lymphocytes (CD4+ and CD8+) by the flow cytometry technique. Thirty neonatal mongrel dogs of both sexes were used, at 3, 10, 17, 24, 31, 38 and 45 days of age. The total leukocyte count to 45 days (11639±3574/µL) was significantly greater than on the third day of age (8740±1812) (p<0.05); There were no differences between the total count of lymphocytes at 45 days in relation to the third day of age. As for the subpopulations of CD4+ and CD8+, CD4+ cell percentages, at three days of age (24.9±16.8) they were inferior when compared to the average between the 10th, 24th and 31st day (35.5), and CD8+ cells, on the third day, were lower compared with averages from the 10th and 31st day of age. It can be concluded that the subpopulations of CD4+ and CD8+ cells undergo oscillations during development, with growing postnatal levels obtained at three days old. The CD4:CD8 ratio showed superiority to the first cell type, and the largest relationship between CD4+ and CD8+ occurred on the third day of age. Based on the results obtained in this study, the differences noted in lymphocyte populations weekly showed the dynamics of these cells during the neonatal period...

Evaluation of the adverse effects of subcutaneous carprofen over six days in healthy cats.

This study evaluated the adverse effects of carprofen in seven healthy cats. Values for CBC, biochemical profiles and platelet aggregation were measured before and at seven days after SID treatment with subcutaneous carprofen: 4 mg/kg (day 1), 2mg/kg (day 2 and 3) and 1mg/kg (day 4 and 6) (CG) or 0.35 ml of saline (SG) for six days in a randomized, blinded, cross-over study with a four-week washout period. No treatment was given on day 5. Endoscopy of the GI tract was performed pre-treatment and on day 7 post-treatment. There were no significant changes in hematological profiles, biochemical profiles and endoscopy grading scores within nor between groups, except for lower albumin values at baseline than on day 7 (CG), and globulin and ALP values were higher at baseline than on day 7 in CG and SG. SC administration of carprofen over six days did not cause any adverse effects on gastrointestinal, hematological, or serum biochemical variables.

Prevalência de helicobactérias e alterações na mucosa gástrica de cães saudáveis / Prevalence of helicobacters and alterations in gastric mucosa of healthy dogs

Prevalence, distribution and density of gastric helicobacter colonization were determined in 50 healthy dogs, characterizing the macroscopic and microcospic aspects of their mucosa. Helicobacter prevalence was 96 percent, with greater distribution in the gastric fundus and body. Although the presence of macroscopic alterations was high (58 percent), it was characterized as mild due to the predominance of less severe ones (65.5 percent). High prevalence of mostly monoclear cell infriltate (64.7 percent) was noted. Association between the presence of helicobacter and macro and microscopic alterations was not observed

Evaluation of the adverse effects of oral firocoxib in healthy dogs.

This study evaluated the adverse effects of oral firocoxib in dogs. Six dogs (20.2+/-6.3 kg) were studied. Values for complete blood count (CBC), serum urea, creatinine, alanine transaminase, alanine phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, occult blood in feces, platelet aggregation, and buccal mucosal bleeding time were measured before and 7, 14, 21, and 29 days after SID treatment with firocoxib 5.3+/-0.34 mg/kg (FG) or lactose 1 mg/kg (LG) for 28 days, in a randomized crossover study. Gastrointestinal (GI) tract endoscopy was performed before treatment began and at 29 days. Lesions were scored from grade 0 to 6. Data were analyzed using anova and paired t-tests (P<0.05). None of the dogs presented adverse clinical effects. There were no significant changes in CBC, biochemical profiles within groups, or differences between groups. Pretreatment mean+/-SD bleeding time (LG, 70.7+/-32.1 sec; FG, 75.8+/-38.1 sec) and platelet aggregation (LG, 86.4+/-10.2%; FG, 85.6+/-9.2%) were not significantly different from readings at 29 days (LG, 95.2+/-25 sec; FG, 91.7+/-24 sec and LG, 73.2+/-15.1%; FG, 84+/-10.3%) nor the groups were different. None of the dogs had positive fecal occult blood tests, and endoscopic lesion scores were grade 0 both before treatment and at 29 days. Administration of firocoxib did not cause any adverse effects on GI, or hematological or serum biochemical variables and appears to have been well tolerated by dogs.

Envenomation by scorpion in dog - case report

A case admitted at the Small Animals Clinics Service, Veterinary Hospital, FMVZ - UNESP, in May, 1999 is described. A Brazilian Terrier dog, 3 years and 3 months old, weighing 1.7 kg was brought after 2 hours and a half from contact with a scorpion (Tityus bahiensis). The dog showed vocalization inserted with drowsiness. Physical examination showed slightly hyperemic mucous, pain, agressiveness, tachypnea, tachycardia, and discrete erythema on the rigth forelimb palmar face. An anesthetic block was performed around the stung area using 2 per cent lidocaine hydrochloride without vasoconstrictor (10mL). The animal was asymptomatic, after 24 h treatment.