Relationship of epilepsy on the linguistic-cognitive profile of children with ASD: A systematic review of the literature.

Introduction: The prevalence of comorbidity between epilepsy and Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in the pediatric age increased significantly in recent years. The onset of epilepsy negatively influences the abilities of the user with ASD. Thus, epilepsy will be a disabling factor that will reduce the cognitive-linguistic skills of users with ASD. The main objective of this work is to review the current scientific literature and to compare the relationship of epilepsy on the development of cognitive and linguistic skills of children with ASD. Methods: In this regard, a systematic search was carried out in the main sources (Medline, PubMed, WOS, ResearchGate and Google Scholar). 481 articles were identified, from which, after meeting the different inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 18 studies of relevance to the objectives of this work were selected. Results: The results reflect that, at a global level, epilepsy significantly influences the performance of cognitive- linguistic skills in people with ASD. Discussion: In conclusion, epilepsy in the ASD population leads to a reduction in cognitive and linguistic abilities, which respond to the different types of epilepsy and their location, significantly impacting the quality of life and basic activities of daily living of the user with ASD.

Notificación de agresiones por los trabajadores del Servicio Madrileño de Salud / Aggressions reported by the Madrid Health Service staff

Objetivo: conocer la prevalencia de agresiones notificadas por los trabajadores del Servicio Madrileño de Salud, saber la prevalencia de lesiones o alteraciones de la salud ocasionadas a los trabajadores por este motivo, e identificar los factores asociados a dichas agresiones. Método: estudio transversal en trabajadores del Servicio Madrileño de Salud (SERMAS) que notificaron una situación conflictiva/agresión en el periodo 2009-2018, a través de un registro habilitado por el SERMAS. Las variables estudiadas incluyeron datos del trabajador, del agresor, del incidente y sus consecuencias. Análisis descriptivo mediante el programa estadístico Stata. Resultados: se identificaron 5.587 notificaciones de situaciones conflictivas, el 89% correspondió a Atención Primaria (AP) y el 11% a Atención Especializada (AE). La prevalencia de alteraciones en el estado de salud sobre el total de notificaciones fue del 95% (IC 95%: 94-96), con un 97% (IC 95%: 95-98) en AE y un 95% (IC 95%: 94-95) en AP. En AE los trabajadores notificaron un 8% de agresiones físicas y 17% de coacciones, en AP fueron un 4% y un 25%, respectivamente. En Urgencias se notificaron un 12% de agresiones físicas frente al 4,6% del resto de servicios y un 13% de coacciones frente al 25%. En AE las enfermeras fueron los trabajadores que más agresiones notificaron y en AP fueron los facultativos. Conclusiones: en AP se notifican nueve veces más situaciones conflictivas que en AE. Las coacciones superan a las agresiones físicas. El personal de Enfermería y los trabajadores de urgencias son los profesionales que más agresiones notifican.(AU)

Objective: to understand the prevalence of aggressions reported by the Madrid Health Service staff, to learn about the prevalence of lesions or health alterations caused to workers for this reason, and to identify the factors associated with said aggressions. Method: a cross-sectional study conducted with workers of the Madrid Health Service (SERMAS) who reported a situation of conflict / aggression during the 2009-2018 period through a register provided by the SERMAS. The variables studied included: details of the worker, the aggressor, the incident and its consequences. There was descriptive analysis through the Stata statistical program. Results: in total, 5,587 reports of situations of conflict were identified: 89% from Primary Care (PC) and 11% from Specialized Care (SC). The prevalence of alterations in health status within all reports was 95% (CI 95%: 94-96), with 97% (CI 95%: 95-98) in SC and 95% (CI 95%: 94-95) in PC. Specialized Care staff reported 8% of physical aggressions and 17% of coercions; these were 4% and 25%, respectively, in PC. In the Emergency Unit, 12% of physical aggressions were reported vs. 4.6% in the rest of hospital units, and 13% of coercion vs. 25%. Nurses were the SC workers who reported more aggressions, vs. physicians in PC. Conclusions: nine times more situations of conflict are reported in Primary Care than in Specialized Care. Coercions are higher than physical agressions. Nursing staff and Emergency workers are the professionals reporting more aggressions.(AU)

Effects of hydrogen water and psychological treatment in a sample of women with panic disorder: a randomized and controlled clinical trial.

Research suggests that inflammation is an important mediator in the pathophysiology of anxiety disorders. In addition, women are more likely to develop an anxiety and depression disorder, in comorbidity with a wide spectrum of diseases related to the immune system. In recent years, hydrogen-rich water has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy to prevent and intervene in stress-related disorders, due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The present study aims to analyze the effects of psychological treatment and a hydrogen-rich drink on the severity of anxiety and depression, pro-inflammatory cytokine levels, the cortisol awakening response, and general health state in a sample of women with panic disorder. This is a completely randomized, placebo-controlled study. The treatment group simultaneously received psychological treatment and 1.5 L of hydrogenated water for three months, compared to the control group that received psychological treatment and placebo. The results show that the treatment group was not significantly better than the control group. But there was a further reduction in measured pro-inflammatory cytokine scores, improving body pain and physical health. When between-group treatment effects were removed, psychological treatment significantly decreased measured variables, including cytokines and cortisol. The results support the presence of a maladaptive inflammatory process in women with panic disorder.

Negative correlation between IL-1ß, IL-12 and TNF-γ, and cortisol levels in patients with panic disorder.

INTRODUCTION: Chronic exposure to stress is a major risk factor in anxiety disorders (ADs) and can be accompanied by an altered microbiome-gut-brain axis and a compromised immune system. In recent years, the study of inflammatory processes in AD has gained special attention. Continued stress causes the reactivity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, the alteration of the intestinal microbiota and the consequent release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, affecting the sensitivity to stress and the similar behavior of anxiety. METHOD: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the interrelationships between measures of proinflammatory cytokines and cortisol in patients with panic disorder (PD). RESULTS: The main results of the correlation analysis revealed that the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1ß, IL-12, and tumor necrosis factor gamma were negatively correlated with cortisol scores (area under the curve with respect to the ground). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the inflammatory response is associated with the reactivity of the HPA axis in patients with PD and may influence the maintenance of anxiety behavior.

Propiedades psicométricas de la versión corta del Inventario Friburgo de Mindfulness / Psychometric properties of the Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory short version

Resumen Antecedentes El mindfulness está cobrando un interés cada vez más creciente desde el ámbito de intervención psicológica, pero también desde ámbitos educativos o laborales. Este interés está suscitando, como consecuencia, la necesidad de disponer de herramientas que ayuden a medirlo. Objetivo Presentar las propiedades psicométricas de la versión corta de la adaptación española del Inventario Friburgo de Mindfulness (IFM) que tiene sus raíces teóricas en la tradición budista. Método Se contó con una muestra de 543 participantes (161 hombres y 379 mujeres) cuya edad media fue de 35.27 ( DT = 13.66), con unos niveles educativos y situaciones laborales heterogéneos. Resultados La consistencia interna ( α = .86, ω = .87) así como otros aspectos relacionados con la validez de constructo pueden considerarse apropiados. Los análisis factoriales exploratorios llevados a cabo apuntan a que los ítems de la escala se agrupan en dos factores relacionados, aceptación incondicional y atención plena, frente al modelo unifactorial planteado inicialmente desde el punto de vista teórico. Conclusiones Consideramos que la versión breve del IFM puede ser utilizada con éxito tanto a nivel clínico como para la investigación y, en este sentido, se sugiere que se siga indagando en la estructura factorial de la escala.

Abstract Background Mindfulness is getting more and more attention from psychological intervention contexts, but also from educational and organizational settings. As a consequence, there also is a growing need for tools to measure mindfulness. Objective The aim of this work is to present the Spanish adaptation psychometric properties of the short version Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory (FMI), a test based on Buddhist tradition. Method A sample of 543 participants (161 males and 379 females) with age average of 35.27 ( SD = 13.66) and heterogeneous educational and occupational background was studied. Results The scale internal consistency ( α = .86, ω = .87) as well as construct validity evidences can be considered appropriated. Exploratory factorial analyses suggest the FMI items are clustered in two related factors, unconditional acceptance, and full attention, as opposed to the initially proposed unifactorial model. Conclusions the FMI short version can be successfully used for clinical and research purposes although its factorial structure should be additionally tested.