A comparison of faculty led, mentorship program and peer mentoring on nursing students wound dressing clinical skills.

BACKGROUND: The promotion of clinical nursing education requires using modern educational methods to develop students' knowledge and skills. There are however many different models by which education can be delivered with a wealth of literature supporting varying approaches. This is of particular relevance to clinical education where to date no singular approach has been identified as being the most appropriate. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to compare and investigate the effect of a peer education method, a mentor-led education method versus a traditional faculty-led method for instruction regarding surgical wound care skills among nursing students. DESIGN: This study used an experimental three-group pre- and post-test design. SETTINGS: The research was conducted within two surgical wards of a university-affiliated hospital in the west of Iran. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 102 nursing students (first and second year) were assigned to three groups; peer-led learning group (n = 34), mentorship-led group (n = 34) or a faculty-led control group (n = 34). METHODS: To ascertain performance in surgical dressing skill, data was collected in each group before and after the respective educational intervention. Data was collected using a surgical dressing skills checklist made by the research team which was piloted prior to the study. All statistical analysis was performed using SPSS v.22.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). RESULTS: Based on findings, after the intervention, the mean (SD) scores of surgical dressing and wound care skills were 28.24 (4.63), 31.76 (4.89), and 29.12 (5.33) for the peer-led, mentor-led and faculty-led groups, respectively. There was no significant difference between mentor group and faculty group or between peer group and faculty group (P > 0.05). However, the findings did demonstrate statistical difference in performance in surgical dressings and wound care techniques in the mentorship group method compared to the peer method (P = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS: Although participants in the mentor group performed best of all groups, our findings demonstrate that those in the peer method group performed as well as those in the faculty-led group in surgical dressing performance. Therefore, it is recommended that peer and mentor learning methods are given consideration by curriculum planners in for use in the development of student nurse clinical skill and competence in surgical wound care.

Preparing career development model of Iranian nurses using Delphi technique.

INTRODUCTION: Nowadays, nurses play a key role in all health-care systems in the world. To improve the professional conditions and increase the quality of care, nurses' career development should be fulfilled in a specific and targeted way. The aim of this study was to investigate the factors affecting career development of nurses in Iran. METHOD: This prospective study was conducted using Delphi technique in three stages with the presence of 60 nurses and nursing faculty members. In the first round, four questions were used to assess the participants' perspective career development, how to evaluate it, its effective factors and suggestions to design a career development model. In the second and third rounds, to collect participants' opinion and create consensus, a researcher-made questionnaire based on the results obtained during the first round was used. RESULTS: According to the results, 25 effective factors were extracted and classified into 6 categories of professional development, increasing organizational influence, individual development, specialization, improvement of career dignity, and psychological acceptance. The nurses' career development model was also developed and validated with the results. CONCLUSION: According to the obtained results, it can be concluded that career development in the nursing area is achieved by realizing six factors of professional development, specialization, increasing organizational influence, individual development, psychological acceptance, improvement of career dignity, and psychological acceptance.

An Investigation into the efficacy of nursing curriculum on elderly health problems via Delphi's method.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Elderly people are a vulnerable group of society. Today, health authorities of the country pay a great deal of attention to the issue of aging. Given the fact that nurses are have direct contact with patients referring to health centers, it is necessary to develop a comprehensive and practical training program for future nurses. This can help provide adequate care for the elderly. The present study aimed to investigate the efficacy of nursing students' undergraduate curriculum on the elderly health problems via Delphi's method. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This futuristic study was carried out at Iran Medical Sciences Universities between December 2016 and November 2017. The research sample consisted of 63 faculty members and non-faculty members who were randomly selected. The final document and data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire. Descriptive statistics and SPSS (version 24) were used to analyze the data. FINDINGS: In the first step, according to 70 percent of participants, the allocated time on providing "Elderly Care" content, as well as providing actual content by the professors of each credit is not sufficient. The findings of the second step revealed that 79 percent of participants indicated, adding the topic of "Elderly Care" to the mentioned syllabus, greatly contributes to improving the capabilities of graduates. CONCLUSION: The studies suggest that the curriculums of "Bachelor of Nursing" (BN) does not have an operational approach toward the problems of elderly period, and the necessity of some variations, such as increasing the number of credits and allocating distinct syllabus to the topic of aging, employing the faculty member in the major specialties of elderly, and involving them in teaching, seems critical.

Effect of a Nurse-Led Diabetes Self-Management Education Program on Glycosylated Hemoglobin among Adults with Type 2 Diabetes.

In recent years, great emphasis has been placed on the role of nonpharmacological self-management in the care of patients with diabetes. Studies have reported that nurses, compared to other healthcare professionals, are more likely to promote preventive healthcare seeking behaviors. The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a nurse-led diabetes self-management education on glycosylated hemoglobin. A two-arm parallel-group randomized controlled trial with the blinded outcome assessors was designed. One hundred forty-two adults with type 2 diabetes were randomized to receive either usual diabetes care (control group) or usual care plus a nurse-led diabetes self-management education (intervention group). Duration of the intervention was 12 weeks. The primary outcome was glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c values). Secondary outcomes were changes in blood pressure, body weight, lipid profiles, self-efficacy (efficacy expectation and outcome expectation), self-management behaviors, quality of life, social support, and depression. Outcome measures were assessed at baseline and at 12-week and 24-week postrandomizations. Patients in the intervention group showed significant improvement in HbA1c, blood pressure, body weight, efficacy expectation, outcome expectation, and diabetes self-management behaviors. The beneficial effect of a nurse-led intervention continued to accrue beyond the end of the trial resulting in sustained improvements in clinical, lifestyle, and psychosocial outcomes. This trial is registered with IRCT2016062528627N1.

Validation of the Iranian/Persian Version of the Perceived Therapeutic Efficacy Scale for Type 2 Diabetes.

BACKGROUND: The theory if self-efficacy is the central concept of social cognitive theory with emphasis on the constructs of efficacy expectation, outcome expectation. Efficacy expectation is defined as the person's confidence to carry out a specific behavior. Outcome expectation is beliefs that carrying out a specific behavior will lead to a specific outcome. While the benefit of measuring outcome expectations has been established, there has been no large scale within the Iranian context. The purpose of this study is to examine the reliability-validity of the Persian version of the Perceived Therapeutic Efficacy Scale (PTES). METHODS: This study was conducted among 160 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using a self-administered instrument measuring outcome expectation. We used a methodological study design to assess the validity and reliability of the translated Persian version of the instrument. RESULTS: The findings of the present study support the uni-dimensionality of the Persian version of the instrument. The 10 items of the scale account for 73.54% of the total variance and the un-rotated factor loadings ranged from 0.66 to 0.93. Moreover, this study offers support for convergent validity and internal consistency of the scale. CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrated good convergent validity, factor structure and internal consistency in a sample of 160 Iranian adults with T2DM. Therefore, the Persian version of the scale is a valid and reliable instrument and can be used in research and clinical settings.

Comparing the effects of face-to-face and telenursing education on the quality of family caregivers caring in patients with cancer.

BACKGROUND: Taking care of patients with cancer is often done at home and by family caregivers. However, these groups do not receive the necessary education regarding care at home. OBJECTIVES: The present study aimed to compare the effects of face-to-face and telenursing training methods on the quality of services provided by the family caregiver for patients with cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 103 family caregivers of patients with cancer were randomly divided into 3 groups: control (N = 35), face to face (N = 34), and telenursing (N = 34). The control group only received the routine training, and the face-to-face and telenursing groups were trained for 12 weeks. Quality of care was measured using a questionnaire before and after intervention. Chi-square, Fisher's exact, and analysis of variance tests were used for data analysis. RESULTS: After intervention, the average total quality score for the care of patients in face-to-face (166.13 ± 13.91) and telenursing (157.76 ± 17.24) groups was significantly higher than the control group (82.51 ± 16.84) (P < 0.001). In addition, the average psychosocial care score for face-to-face group (49.06 ± 6.05) was significantly higher than telenursing group (43.83 ± 6.15) (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: The results of the study showed that the two methods of training were effective on the quality of care among family caregivers of patients with cancer to a similar extent.

Exploring expectations and needs of patients undergoing angioplasty.

This study aimed to explore needs and expectations of Iranian patients who undergone angioplasty procedures. Coronary artery disease is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Recently, Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) has frequently been used as a substitute for coronary artery surgery, representing a less invasive and more cost-effective procedure. However, little information is known about the experiences and needs of patients undergone PCI. This research involved a qualitative study that employed the content analysis method. A semi-structured in-depth interview protocol was carried out using a face-to-face approach. Researchers reached to theoretical saturation by interviewing 18 patients who undergone angioplasty. Constant comparison analysis was used with simultaneous data collection. Three themes emerged from this study including Uncertainty, Procedural knowledge and Social Support. The findings from this study enhance our understanding on expectations and needs of patients who undergone PCI. These findings help nurses and health-care providers to develop and provide pre and post-procedural care according to each individual needs and experiences. This Iranian study not only contributes to other international study but also, emphasizes on the need for pre-procedural awareness and post-procedural support of patients who undergone PCI.

Does concept mapping enhance learning outcome of nursing students?

AIM: The aim of this study was to assess the concept mapping as a teaching method in the academic achievement of nursing students. METHOD: This quasi-experimental study was conducted using a crossover design among two groups of total 64 nursing students. Participants were asked to create concept maps (group A) or were evaluated with the traditional method of quiz (group B) for eight weeks and then take a cumulative test (no. 1). Consequently, subjects used the alternate method for another eight weeks and then take the second cumulative test (no. 2). RESULTS: The results of this study showed that the mean scores for cumulative tests (both no. 1 and no. 2) was higher in the group that engaged in map construction compared to the group that only take the quizzes. In addition, there was a gradual increase in the mean scores of developed map during the eight sessions of intervention. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, concept mapping has a positive effect on students' academic achievement. These findings could provide valuable evidence for establishing concept mapping as a continuous teaching strategy for nursing students.

Work-family conflict and sleep disturbance: the Malaysian working women study.

This study aimed at assessing effect of the four dimensions of work-family conflicts (strain and time-based work interference into family and family interference into work) on sleep disturbance in Malaysian working women. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 325 Malaysian married working women. Multiple-stage simple random sampling method was used to recruit women from public service departments of Malaysia. Self-administrated questionnaires were used to measure the study variables and data were analyzed using SPSS version 21. We found that high level of the four dimensions of work-family conflicts significantly increase sleep disturbance. Our analyses also revealed an age-dependent effect of the work-family conflict on sleep disturbance. Women in their 20 to 30 yr old suffer from sleep disturbance due to high level of time-based and strain-based work-interference into family. However, the quality of sleep among women aged 30-39 were affected by strain-based family-interference into work. Finally, women older than 40 yr had significantly disturbed sleep due to strain-based work-interference into family as well as time-based family interference into work. Our findings showed that sleep quality of working women might be disturbed by experiencing high level of work-family conflict. However, the effects of inter-role conflicts on sleep varied among different age groups.

Association of body weight and female sexual dysfunction: a case control study.

BACKGROUND: Obesity is rapidly increasing worldwide with negative effects on women's health, psychosocial factors and quality of life. Female sexual dysfunction (FSD) is a major public health problem that is worrying for many women physically, emotionally and socially. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association of body weight with FSD and sexual satisfaction, in Ilam, western Iran, in 2010 to 2011. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a case-control study on 120 women aged 18-50 years [64 with FSD (case), 64 without FSD (control)] married, from Ilam-IR, who were interviewed as per the Iranian version of Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI). Body mass index (BMI) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) were recorded by researchers. The subjects were randomly selected from primary health centers. RESULTS: FSFI score was significantly lower in overweight women (P < 0.05). FSFI strongly correlated with body mass index (BMI) (r = -0.68, P < 0.001) and waist-to-hip ratio (r = -0.29, P < 0.05) in women with FSD. Of sexual function parameters, there was a strong and inverse correlation between BMI and arousal (r = -0.71, P < 0.001), lubrication (r = -0.61, P < 0.001), orgasm (r = -0.52, P < 0.001) and satisfaction (r = -0.54, P < 0.001), while pain (r = -0.12, P > 0.05) and desire (r = -0.17, P > 0.05) did not correlate with BMI. There was an association between BMI and extreme satisfaction (r = -0.28, P < 0.05). Extreme physical pleasure (r = -0.19, P > 0.05) and extreme emotional satisfaction (r = -0.16, P > 0.05) were not correlated with BMI. CONCLUSIONS: Overweight and obesity negative affect sexuality in women with sexual dysfunction. A systematic evaluation of sexual function to disclose a cause and effect relationship between obesity and FSD is suggested.

Development of a scale for the evaluation of patients' rights prerequisites at educational hospitals in Iran: a study using the Delphi technique.

The patients' rights status is one of the essential elements in defining norms related to the concept of clinical governance system. In addition, the patients' rights status is an important index for quality of care offered in the health care system. However, the lack of a coherent instrument makes it difficult to evaluate patients' rights status in hospitals and clinics. The aim of this study was to develop an instrument for the evaluation of patients' rights prerequisites at educational hospitals in Iran. This study was conducted using the modified Delphi technique. In this study, 36 experts in the fields of law, medicine, and professional ethics were participated. The panel of experts participated in 3 rounds. First, experts were asked to judge some pre-identified items, and then, excluded items were judged again in the second round. At the end of the third round, all of the agreed items were included in the final list to form an evaluative scale on practice of patients' rights. Experts were asked to judge a total 171 items in 3 rounds. Around 31% (n = 53) of items obtained the panel's approval to be included in the final version of the scale. The experts' opinions were collected using face-to-face interviews and electronic email during a 6-month period of data collection from October 2013 to February 2014. This study developed a 53-item scale for evaluation of patients' rights prerequisites in educational hospitals in Iran. This scale was developed in 7 areas of commitments including university education, research, supervision, process management, physical structure, organizational policy, and human resources management. This study developed an evaluative scale to assess the practice of patients' rights in educational hospitals. The items in the final version of this scale were obtained from a consensus of experts and the instrument can be used to evaluate the context and prerequisites for practice of patients' rights in Iranian educational hospitals.