Unilateral acute iris transillumination like syndrome following intracameral moxifloxacin injection.

PURPOSE: To describe a case of bilateral acute iris transillumination (BAIT)-like syndrome following intracameral moxifloxacin injection after cataract surgery. METHODS: A case report. RESULTS: We report a case of unilateral acute iris transillumination and distorted pupil in a 53-year-old male who underwent uneventful cataract extraction with intracameral moxifloxacin. CONCLUSION: BAIT-like syndrome may be a rare side effect of intracameral moxifloxacin.

Bilateral Drug-Induced Uveitis and Epiretinal Membrane during the Treatment of a Metastatic Cutaneous Melanoma.

Purpose: To report the case of a drug-induced uveitis during the treatment of a metastatic cutaneous melanoma.Case report: A 75-year-old female treated with Dabrafenib and Trametinib due to a cutaneous melanoma stage IV presented with blurriness in both eyes. The examination revealed bilateral intraocular signs of inflammation, and fundoscopy showed bilateral changes at the posterior pole, such as chorioretinal folds and Neurosensory Retinal Detachment (NRD). Due to a worsening of Visual Acuity (VA) and persistence of intraocular inflammation in spite of topical prednisolone acetate treatment, the therapy with Dabrafenib + Trametinib was interrupted, after having been administered for 4 months, and replaced by Nivolumab. Fundus abnormalities and intraocular inflammation improved, but VA remained low due to the presence of an epiretinal membrane in the right eye. Then, a decreasing course of prednisolone eye drops was introduced for one more month and finally interrupted without the cessation of Nivolumab.Conclusion: Drug-induced uveitis has been increasing in the last few years due to the development of new biological agents for treatment of different types of tumours. The management of these adverse events should be handled in collaboration with oncologists and ophthalmologists and must be individualised and based on the risk-benefit balance. A case report of an uveitis and subsequent development of an epiretinal membrane during the treatment with Dabrafenib, Trametinib and subsequent Nivolumab for a metastatic cutaneous melanoma is reported here, in order to note the importance of an adequate follow-up of patients treated with these drugs.

Haemophilus Influenzae Endogenous Endophthalmitis in an Immunocompetent Host.

Purpose: To report a case of endogenous endophthalmitis caused by Haemophilus influenzae in an immunocompetent host.Case report: A 13-year-old male presented with pain, blurriness, and decreased Visual Acuity (VA) of Hand Motion in his right eye. Slit-lamp examination revealed hypopyon. Fundoscopy showed vitritis, vasculitis, and retinal infiltrates. Echography revealed vitreous condensations. Empirical treatment with intravitreal Ganciclovir, oral Valacyclovir, and Dexamethasone was initiated with no improvement. Vitreous culture revealed Haemophilus influenzae growth. Then, intravenous Ciprofloxacin and Cefotaxime and intravitreal Ceftazidime were administered with gradual improvement. Lensectomy with Pars Plana Vitrectomy and intraocular tamponade was performed. Nevertheless, the visual outcome was poor.Conclusion: Pediatric endogenous bacterial endophthalmitis is a rare but potentially devastating infection which is often misdiagnosed. Moreover, we want to highlight the importance of an adequate clinical suspicion in cases of H. influenzae to prevent the serious complications seen in this report.

Epithelial conjunctival neoplasias - the importance of an early diagnosis and optimal treatment.

Objective: To emphasize the importance of an early diagnosis and an adequate treatment in conjunctival tumors. Methods: We present two clinical cases and compare the course of each case: one of conjunctival intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) which took a positive course, and a fatal case of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with intraocular and orbital extension. Results: Epithelial conjunctival malignancies are one of the most prevalent ocular surface tumors. Among these, CIN are the most common. CIN have an excellent prognosis, given adequate treatment. However, when the diagnosis of CIN is late, the epithelial basement membrane will be affected, resulting in SCC. SCC may have poorer results due to its capacity to infiltrate near tissues and create distant metastasis. Conclusion: It is not common today to treat patients with orbital extension of SCC; however, it is crucial to note the importance of an early diagnosis of conjunctival malignancies. An early diagnosis is essential to prevent the transformation to other life-threatening types.

Conjuntivitis granulomatosa en 2 pacientes jóvenes / Granulomatous conjunctivitis in two young patients

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Itching eyes after itching around the head.

Objective: To report the occurrence and management of an eyelashes infestation by Phthirus pubis. Methods: A 27-year-old female presented with itching in her right eye and head after she had been traveling in southern Italy five days earlier. Visual acuity (VA) was 20/20 in both eyes. Slit-lamp examination showed bilateral blepharitis. Moreover, mobile insects and eggs attached to the eyelashes were observed. A microbiological study was performed with a Phthirus pubis result. The patient was treated with mechanical dislodging. Results: The resolution of the infection was carried out removing every insect and egg. A vaseline application twice daily for 7 days was necessary to stifle any nits that could remain. Conclusions: The eyelashes pediculosis is frequently caused by Phthirus pubis. Only a minor percentage of the cases are due to Phthirus capitis, but the differential diagnosis is essential: there are Phthirus pubis pediculosis cases due to sexual abuse. A sexual history and screening for other sexually transmitted diseases is warranted.

Severe ocular pain after anti-VEGF intravitreal injection / Dolor ocular severo tras inyección intravítrea con anti-VEGF

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Decreased painful visual acuity. Corynebacterium macginleyi blebitis-endophthalmitis infection / Disminución de agudeza visual dolorosa. Blebitis-endoftalmitis infecciosa por Corynebacterium macginleyi

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Drusas papilares asociadas a pérdida de campo visual / Optic disc drusen associated to visual field loss

Paciente de 14 años remitida para valorar fondo de ojo por cefalea. Presenta agudeza visual de 8/10 en ambos ojos y en fundoscopia se visualizan papilas de contornos escasamente definidos. Se solicita Autofluorescencia identificando lesiones autofluorescentes compatibles con drusas (Figura 1A,B). La OCT de fibras revela afectación sectorial bilateral sin papiledema (Figura 1C,D) y el campo visual mostró una afectación del hemicampo nasal bilateral (Figura 1E,F). Las drusas en el nervio óptico representan habitualmente un hallazgo casual. Pueden progresar paulatinamente generando gran deterioro campimétrico. No existe un tratamiento eficaz. Solo en casos donde aparezca neovascularización asociada, puede estar indicado el tratamiento con fármacos antiangiogénicos.

Retinopatía por puntero láser: presentación de dos casos / Handheld laser maculopathy: two case reports

El uso indebido de los punteros láser, especialmente el recreativo en los niños, puede causar lesiones retinianas que amenazan la visión. El daño retiniano que producen no está bien caracterizado, debido a que la mayoría de las publicaciones son casos aislados o series pequeñas. El tratamiento y el pronóstico visual es variable según la morfología del daño macular que presenten. En algunos casos, no existe tratamiento, y pueden evolucionar a la curación espontánea; sin embargo, otros precisan cirugía. En una serie de 13 casos, uno requirió cirugía, mientras que el resto necesitó solo observación. De estos 13 casos, 3 pacientes se curaron en forma espontánea, con agudeza visual de 10/10.Se describen dos pacientes de 16 y 12 años con disminución de agudeza visual tras el uso indebido de punteros láser. En el fondo de ojo, presentaron alteraciones maculares. La agudeza visual de ambos se recuperó completamente sin tratamiento.

The improper use of laser pointers, especially for recreational use in children, may cause sight-threatening retinal injuries. The retinal damage it is not well characterized because most publications are isolated cases or small series.The treatment and visual prognosis are variable according to the morphology of the macular damage. In some cases, there is no treatment, and spontaneous healing can be developed; however, others require surgery. In a series of 13 cases, 1 required surgery and the rest observation; 3 patients obtained a spontaneous healing with visual acuity of 10/10.We describe two patients aged 16 and 12 years with decreased visual acuity. Macular alterations appear in the fundus of the eye. The visual acuity of both recovered completely without treatment

[Handheld laser maculopathy: two case reports]. / Retinopatía por puntero láser: presentación de dos casos.

The improper use of laser pointers, especially for recreational use in children, may cause sight-threatening retinal injuries. The retinal damage it is not well characterized because most publications are isolated cases or small series. The treatment and visual prognosis are variable according to the morphology of the macular damage. In some cases, there is no treatment, and spontaneous healing can be developed; however, others require surgery. In a series of 13 cases, 1 required surgery and the rest observation; 3 patients obtained a spontaneous healing with visual acuity of 10/10. We describe two patients aged 16 and 12 years with decreased visual acuity. Macular alterations appear in the fundus of the eye. The visual acuity of both recovered completely without treatment.

El uso indebido de los punteros láser, especialmente el recreativo en los niños, puede causar lesiones retinianas que amenazan la visión. El daño retiniano que producen no está bien caracterizado, debido a que la mayoría de las publicaciones son casos aislados o series pequeñas. El tratamiento y el pronóstico visual es variable según la morfología del daño macular que presenten. En algunos casos, no existe tratamiento, y pueden evolucionar a la curación espontánea; sin embargo, otros precisan cirugía. En una serie de 13 casos, uno requirió cirugía, mientras que el resto necesitó solo observación. De estos 13 casos, 3 pacientes se curaron en forma espontánea, con agudeza visual de 10/10. Se describen dos pacientes de 16 y 12 años con disminución de agudeza visual tras el uso indebido de punteros láser. En el fondo de ojo, presentaron alteraciones maculares. La agudeza visual de ambos se recuperó completamente sin tratamiento.