Análisis modal de fallos y efectos aplicado a la elaboración de citostáticos intravenosos / Failure mode effect analysis applied to preparation of intravenous cytostatics

Objetivo. Identificar los riesgos en la elaboración de citostáticos intravenosos de forma proactiva, priorizarlos y establecer medidas de mejora en la seguridad de los procedimientos utilizados. Material y métodos. Se utilizó la metodología «análisis modal de fallos y efectos». Un equipo multidisciplinar identificó los modos de fallo del proceso a través de tormenta de ideas. Se evaluó el impacto asociado a cada modo de fallo con el número de prioridad de riesgo (NPR), en el que intervienen 3 variables: ocurrencia, gravedad y detectabilidad. Se establecieron medidas de mejora para todos los modos de fallo identificados; se consideraron críticos aquellos con un NPR > 100. Se calculó también el NPR final (teórico) que se obtendría con las medidas propuestas y se rediseñó el proceso. Resultados. Se identificaron un total de 34 modos de fallo. El NPR inicial acumulado fue de 3022 (rango: 3-252), y tras las acciones recomendadas el NPR final fue de 1292 (rango: 3-189). Se obtuvieron puntuaciones de NPR > 100 en 13 modos de fallo; solo el subproceso de dispensación estuvo exento de puntos críticos (NPR > 100). Se consiguió una reducción del NPR final >50% en 9 modos de fallo. Conclusiones. Esta metodología de análisis de riesgo prospectiva nos permite priorizar los puntos débiles del sistema para optimizar el empleo de recursos y conseguir una mejora sustancial en la seguridad de la elaboración de citostáticos mediante la introducción del doble chequeo y el etiquetado de productos intermedios (AU)

Objective. To proactively identify risks in the preparation of intravenous cytostatic drugs, and to prioritise and establish measures to improve safety procedures. Material and methods. Failure Mode Effect Analysis methodology was used. A multidisciplinary team identified potential failure modes of the procedure through a brainstorming session. The impact associated with each failure mode was assessed with the Risk Priority Number (RPN), which involves three variables: occurrence, severity, and detectability. Improvement measures were established for all identified failure modes, with those with RPN > 100 considered critical. The final RPN (theoretical) that would result from the proposed measures was also calculated and the process was redesigned. Results. A total of 34 failure modes were identified. The initial accumulated RPN was 3022 (range: 3-252), and after recommended actions the final RPN was 1292 (range: 3-189). RPN scores > 100 were obtained in 13 failure modes; only the dispensing sub-process was free of critical points (RPN > 100). A final reduction of RPN > 50% was achieved in 9 failure modes. Conclusions. This prospective risk analysis methodology allows the weaknesses of the procedure to be prioritised, optimize use of resources, and a substantial improvement in the safety of the preparation of cytostatic drugs through the introduction of double checking and intermediate product labelling (AU)

[Failure mode effect analysis applied to preparation of intravenous cytostatics]. / Análisis modal de fallos y efectos aplicado a la elaboración de citostáticos intravenosos.

OBJECTIVE: To proactively identify risks in the preparation of intravenous cytostatic drugs, and to prioritise and establish measures to improve safety procedures. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Failure Mode Effect Analysis methodology was used. A multidisciplinary team identified potential failure modes of the procedure through a brainstorming session. The impact associated with each failure mode was assessed with the Risk Priority Number (RPN), which involves three variables: occurrence, severity, and detectability. Improvement measures were established for all identified failure modes, with those with RPN>100 considered critical. The final RPN (theoretical) that would result from the proposed measures was also calculated and the process was redesigned. RESULTS: A total of 34 failure modes were identified. The initial accumulated RPN was 3022 (range: 3-252), and after recommended actions the final RPN was 1292 (range: 3-189). RPN scores >100 were obtained in 13 failure modes; only the dispensing sub-process was free of critical points (RPN>100). A final reduction of RPN>50% was achieved in 9 failure modes. CONCLUSIONS: This prospective risk analysis methodology allows the weaknesses of the procedure to be prioritised, optimize use of resources, and a substantial improvement in the safety of the preparation of cytostatic drugs through the introduction of double checking and intermediate product labelling.