Prenatal sonographic evaluation of the penile length.

OBJECTIVE: To construct cross-sectional reference range of the penile length during pregnancy, measuring it from the proximal edge of the corpus cavernosum to the tip of the glans penis. METHODS: Fetal penile length was measured by high resolution transvaginal ultrasound at 14 to 16 weeks and by transabdominal ultrasound at 17 to 35 weeks' gestation. RESULTS: Fetal penile length increased significantly with gestational age (GA), from 7 mm at 14 weeks' to 50 mm at 35 weeks' gestation. Penile length measurements were strongly related to the biometric fetal measurements. CONCLUSIONS: A reference range of the fetal penile length was constructed, measured from the proximal edge of the corpus cavernosum to the tip of the glans penis at 14 to 35 gestational weeks. This reference range can assist in early identification of true penile maldevelopment, which obligate further diagnostic workup, as opposed to the benign disorder of buried or concealed fetal penis.

Prenatal diagnosis of fetal cardiac right ventricular diverticulum disappearing at three months of age. A case report and literature review.

Congenital cardiac diverticula are transmural localized protrusions within the free wall of the ventricles. Right ventricular diverticula are rarely diagnosed during the fetal period, and due to their rarity, their natural history remains unclear. We present a case of prenatal diagnosis of right ventricular diverticulum at 22 weeks' gestation. No other pathological findings were detected, the pregnancy and delivery were uneventful, and the diverticulum disappeared before the age of 3 months. Echocardiography of the infant at 1 year of age revealed no cardiac diverticulum or any cardiac anomaly and showed normal heart function. Literature review of all cases published to date reveal good outcome of right ventricular diverticula. We suggest reassuring our patients about the good prognosis of this cardiac anomaly.