RESUMO
Ambient air and soil were studied; reproductive-age women were examined. The influence of the Balkhash mining-and-metallurgic plant as a risk factor for reproductive dysfunction was evaluated. In terms of the hygienic integral index, the pollution of the town of Balkhash was estimated to be strong. Cytogenetic analysis revealed the increased rate of chromosomal aberrations of mainly those of chromosomal type (71.5%) infertileage women. Analysis of the spectrum of congenital malformations confirms the occurrence of induced mutagenesis in the population.
Assuntos
Poluentes Atmosféricos/efeitos adversos , Aberrações Cromossômicas/efeitos dos fármacos , Anormalidades Congênitas/epidemiologia , Indústrias , Mutagênese/efeitos dos fármacos , Reprodução/efeitos dos fármacos , Saúde da Mulher , Adolescente , Adulto , Anormalidades Congênitas/etiologia , Análise Citogenética , Feminino , Humanos , Incidência , Cazaquistão/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Biologic substrates of experimental animals characterize mainly overall metals intake and could serve as criteria for environmental pollution degree.
Assuntos
Estruturas Animais/efeitos dos fármacos , Estruturas Animais/metabolismo , Poeira , Inalação , Metais Pesados/efeitos adversos , AnimaisAssuntos
Poluentes Atmosféricos/efeitos adversos , Poeira , Reprodução , Sêmen/metabolismo , Motilidade dos Espermatozoides , Animais , Catalase/sangue , Cidades , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Peroxidação de Lipídeos , Masculino , Malondialdeído/sangue , Concentração Máxima Permitida , Ratos , Espectrofotometria , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of polymetallic manganeferous dust on thyroid function in an experiment. Biochemical and cytological studies were used. Seventy-day exposure caused decreased thyroid hormonal levels and thyroid cellular composition changes, which suggest that the dust in question has a cytotoxic effect. A prolonged (3-month) exposure provided evidence that suggests the tension of adaptive mechanisms in the thyroid system under the influence of a toxic factor. Nitric oxide was found to take an active part in the formation of adaptive mechanisms in thyroid tissue.
Assuntos
Poeira , Compostos de Manganês/efeitos adversos , Glândula Tireoide/metabolismo , Adaptação Biológica/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Seguimentos , Masculino , Compostos de Manganês/farmacocinética , Óxido Nítrico/metabolismo , Ratos , Glândula Tireoide/efeitos dos fármacos , Glândula Tireoide/patologia , Hormônios Tireóideos/metabolismoRESUMO
The article contains results concerning spectral analysis of biologic materials (blood and hair) for heavy metals content. These results helped to reveal health risk factors for workers engaged into chromium ores extraction and for nearby residents.
Assuntos
Monitoramento Ambiental , Metais Pesados/análise , Mineração , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Adulto , Área Programática de Saúde , Monitoramento Epidemiológico , Cabelo/química , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças Profissionais/metabolismo , Federação Russa/epidemiologiaRESUMO
The study covered heavy metals content of soil at various distances from industrial enterprises. The parameters studied are level of micronuclei in peripheral RBC, frequency and spectrum of chromosomal aberrations in WBC of residents. Finding is increased mutation pace induced by mutagens. Soil pollution with heavy metals appeared a risk factor for genetic instability.
Assuntos
Aberrações Cromossômicas , Doença Ambiental/etiologia , Metais Pesados/efeitos adversos , Metais Pesados/sangue , Poluentes do Solo , Doença Ambiental/sangue , Doença Ambiental/epidemiologia , Humanos , Cazaquistão/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Medical examination of workers engaged into digging of manganous ores proved correlation between nitrogen oxide level in expired air and rhinocytogram parameters, revealed sensitivity of cardiovascular and neuroendocrine systems to polymetallic dust.
Assuntos
Hormônios/sangue , Manganês/efeitos adversos , Mineração , Exposição Ocupacional/efeitos adversos , Poluentes Ocupacionais do Ar/efeitos adversos , Análise Química do Sangue , Testes Respiratórios , Técnicas Citológicas , Humanos , Masculino , Óxido Nítrico/análiseRESUMO
Field tests (delivery of animals to differently polluted areas having) were carried out. The criterial significance of biochemical and cytochemical tests of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) from the animals was defined. The biochemical tests revealed significant changes in total protein, cholesterol, phospholipids, phospholipase A, histamine, serotonin, and others, which indicates metabolic dysfunction in BAL. The findings suggest that the lysosomal cell membranes are disorganized and the permeability of cell mitochondrial membranes is impaired. Thus, analyzing the findings makes it possible to identify the key links of damages and to define the true significance of environmental factors in realizing the mechanisms of pulmonary preabnormality.
Assuntos
Monitoramento Ambiental , Poluentes Ambientais/metabolismo , Pulmão/metabolismo , Animais , Fenômenos Bioquímicos , Bioquímica , Líquido da Lavagem Broncoalveolar , Membrana Celular/metabolismo , Colesterol/metabolismo , Histamina/metabolismo , Histocitoquímica , Lisossomos/metabolismo , Mitocôndrias/metabolismo , Fosfolipases/metabolismo , Fosfolipídeos/metabolismo , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Serotonina/metabolismo , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Hair and urine metal accumulation was studied in healthy children living in different pollution areas. The levels of biogenic amines, the activity of the enzymes LDH, AP, and cholinesterase were also determined in the exhaled air condensate (EAC) and urine. High accumulation of metals, low EAC levels of biogenic amines, high activity of the urine enzymes were observed in the children residing in high polluted areas. At the same time these changes were less marked in the moderately polluted areas. The revealed changes allow one to select children at risk and to make health-promoting measures.