Intraoral radiographs texture analysis for dental implant planning.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Computer vision extracts features or attributes from images improving diagnosis accuracy and aiding in clinical decisions. This study aims to investigate the feasibility of using texture analysis of periapical radiograph images as a tool for dental implant treatment planning. METHODS: Periapical radiograph images of 127 jawbone sites were obtained before and after implant placement. From the superimposition of the pre- and post-implant images, four regions of interest (ROI) were delineated on the pre-implant images for each implant site: mesial, distal and apical peri-implant areas and a central area. Each ROI was analysed using Matlab® software and seven image attributes were extracted: mean grey level (MGL), standard deviation of grey levels (SDGL), coefficient of variation (CV), entropy (En), contrast, correlation (Cor) and angular second moment (ASM). Images were grouped by bone types-Lekholm and Zarb classification (1,2,3,4). Peak insertion torque (PIT) and resonance frequency analysis (RFA) were recorded during implant placement. Differences among groups were tested for each image attribute. Agreement between measurements of the peri-implant ROIs and overall ROI (peri-implant + central area) was tested, as well as the association between primary stability measures (PIT and RFA) and texture attributes. RESULTS: Differences among bone type groups were found for MGL (p = 0.035), SDGL (p = 0.024), CV (p < 0.001) and En (p < 0.001). The apical ROI showed a significant difference from the other regions for all attributes, except Cor. Concordance correlation coefficients were all almost perfect (ρ > 0.93), except for ASM (ρ = 0.62). Texture attributes were significantly associated with the implant stability measures. CONCLUSION: Texture analysis of periapical radiographs may be a reliable non-invasive quantitative method for the assessment of jawbone and prediction of implant stability, with potential clinical applications.

Processos civis em casos de resultado falso-positivo para diagnóstico deHIV: análise dos acórdãos do TJGO / Lawsuits related with false-positive results on HIV diagnostic tests: an analysis from the Goiás Justice Court judgments

Objetivo: O objetivo do estudo foi analisar decisões colegiadas publicadas pelo Tribunal de Justiça de Goiás (TJGO) de ações instauradas contra prestadores de serviço que emitiram resultado falso-positivo em teste para HIV. Material e método: Procedeu-se pesquisa no banco de dados do TJGO, buscando acórdãos de apelação civil cujos inteiros teores contemplassem o escopo do trabalho (onze acórdãos foram encontrados). Resultados: Observou-se que resultados falso-positivos decorriam de exames de triagem para HIV (100%). Os pacientes não foram informados sobre a possibilidade de falso-positivo (54,5%), gerandoa lide. O dano moral foi solicitado em todas as ações, sendo julgado procedente em 54,5% em 1ª instância e em 72,7%, em 2ª instância, com valor médio condenatório de R$25.000,00 nestas. A responsabilidade civil foi considerada objetiva em 75% das ações que resultaram em condenação em 2ª instância. Conclusão: Conclui-se que os danos morais e materiais decorrentes do diagnóstico errôneo de HIV têm sido judicialmente requeridos com tendência de condenação em primeira instância e de manutenção dessa sentença em 2ª instância.

Aim: The aim of the study was to analyze collective decisions published by the Goiás Court of Justice (TJGO) of lawsuits brought against service providers who issued false positive result on HIV test. Materials and methods: The search was proceeded into TJGO database, seeking civil appellate judgments whose entire contents contemplate the scope of the study (eleven judgments were found). Results: It was noted that false-positive results resulted from screening tests for HIV (100%). Patients were not informed about the possibility of false-positive (54.5%), generating the judicial action. The moral damage has been requested in all actions, being upheld at 54.5% in 1st instance and 72.7% in the 2nd instance, with average damning value of R$ 25,000,00. The civil liability was considered objective in 75% of the actions that resulted in conviction in 2nd instance. Conclusion: It was concluded that the moral and materialdamages arising from erroneous diagnosis of HIV have been legally required and present a trend towards conviction at first instance and maintenance of this trial in the 2nd instance.