[Scoliosis screening using plantar pressure analysis]. / Screeningul scoliozei prin intermediul analizei presiunii plantare.

UNLABELLED: Earlier scoliosis detection is one of the orthopedics and family doctor challenge. Normally, the first observation about a child deformity should be done by the family doctor in order to announce or not the need of special investigations by a specialist. Usually, the so called idiopathic scoliosis is determined by some factor that interfere during the growing period and most of the time a wrong body attitude static and dynamic during daily activities (learning, sleeping, playing, sitting) and/or angular discrepancy or limb length discrepancy. MATERIAL AND METHOD: All those factors effects can be seen in a plantar pressure analysis evaluation witch soft give us information about the center of gravity of the body and the pressure on the foot that can be correlate in order to discover any articulation imbalance, even the spine deformity. RESULTS: It has been demonstrated through algorithms and case studies that a specific pattern of the plantar pressure analysis image is characteristic for the scoliotic persons.

[Biomechanical consideration regarding bone substitutes use in surgical treatment of chronic osteomyelitis]. / Consideratii biomecanice cu privire la folosirea substituientilor ososi in tratamentul chirurgical al osteomielitelor cronice.

UNLABELLED: The main aim of this study is to present the use of bone substitutes in chronic ostheomielitis surgical treatment and its biomechanical influence. MATERIAL AND METHODS: First step is three-dimensional reconstruction to one femur using CT sections; the second is the reconstruction of infected bone volume, synthesis of material properties, synthesis of loading forces, synthesis of boundary condition and, finally, finite element analysis. RESULTS: The calculated Von Mises stress as a result of finite element analysis indicates that bone substitute implantation lead to a stress distribution in bone similar with a health femur.

[Multi-modal treatment in breast cancer. The prognostic role and correlation between relapse and metastasis]. / Tratamentul multimodal in cancerul mamar. Rolul prognostic, corelatia cu recidivele si metastazele.

AIM: The main aim of this study is to analyze the prognostic role of the treatment in breast cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Retrospective study of 445 patients with breast cancer with 3 categories of treatments. RESULTS: Statistic correlation between treatment categories and overall survival, high correlation between treatment and disease free survival.

[Hip joint force evaluation to patients with hip prosthesis]. / Evaluarea fortei de incarcare pe articulatia soldului la pacientii cu artroplastie totala de sold.

UNLABELLED: Gait biomechanical parameters is essential to establish the loosening of a hip prosthesis and provide important information about gait analyses from different orthopedics pathologies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A dynamometric platform was used for measuring the total ground reaction force for patients with hip prosthesis, compared with a healthy patient. RESULTS: Using a theoretical model, the hip joint loading was calculated, obtaining a "walking profile".

Collagen-hydroxyapatite composites with applications as bone substitutes: synthesis and characterisation.

UNLABELLED: The paper presents synthesis, swelling properties and in vitro degradation tests of collagen-hydroxyapatite composites, in the order to obtain new bone substitutes. Also, by using a 3D analysis with finite element the tension distribution at bone--synthesised substitute interface and in bone by comparing to bone substitute was determined. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Collagen type I from tendon bovine source, provided from Sigma-Aldrich, has been used for materials synthesis. Composite materials have been obtained by hydroxyapatite (HA) precipitation from its precursors (aqueous solutions of CaCl2 and NaH2PO4), in the presence of NH4OH and process finalising at 37 degrees C. Three types of materials have been prepared: 75% collagen--25% HA(w/w)--Coll75-HA; 50% collagen--50% HA(w/w)--Coll50-HA; 25% collagen--75% HA(w/ w)--Coll25-HA. Swelling properties of the composite materials were evaluated gravimetrically and in vitro degradation in buffered collagenase was studied. The elasticity modulus was calculated from the dependence force versus material's strain. The 3D analysis with finite element at bone--synthesised substitute interface was performed for a right osteosynthesised fracture from femur. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: Materials swelling in simulated body fluids revealed higher equilibrium swelling degree for HA-collagen composites with increased content of collagen. Materials are degraded by collagenase, the degradation rate being strongly dependent by composition; a higher content of collagen makes the composites more sensitive to the specific enzyme. SEM data have shown the forming of hydroxyapatite crystals onto collagen fibers. The mechanical characterisation has shown a limited elasticity at an increased value of the applied force for Coll25-HA. Over these forces the plasticity was observed. By using the 3D analysis with finite element at bone--synthesised substitute interface a higher strength was determined in the bone by comparison to bone substitute. CONCLUSIONS: The superior elasticity properties of the synthesised collagen-HA by comparison to physiological biomechanical limits indicate a good behaviour as resistance bone substitute with applications in the extensive bones reconstruction (endoprosthesis revision, bone infections etc.).

[Biomechanical modelling of cerebral aneurysm generation]. / Modelarea biomecanica a generarii anevrismelor cerebrale.

UNLABELLED: The mechanisms of production for these aneurysms were not very well explained, therefore, the paper presents the conditions and steps in this vascular deficiency generation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The physiological overpressures were evaluated and the role of the compliance and hydraulic strength was determined by using windkessel model. RESULTS: The mathematical model was performed on the internal carotid artery and it reveals the role of blood vessel compliance and the increasing of hydraulic vascular-parietal resistance, caused by the contractile dysfunctions of pre-capillary sphincters during the appearance of sac-like and physiological forms of aneurisms.

[Superficial microwaves hyperthermia tumoral temperature distribution by using finite element analysis]. / Evaluarea distributiei de temperatura tumorala în hipertermia superficiala cu microunde prin metoda analizei cu element finit.

UNLABELLED: The main aim of this study is to present a virtual method for tumor temperature distribution by using finite element analysis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: First step is geometrical synthesis that means tumor and neighbor structures three-dimensional reconstruction using CT sections; the second represent temperature and material synthesis: temperature values application and tissues density, thermal conductivity, specific heat values application, then finite element analysis. RESULTS: Finite element analysis indicate tumor temperature distribution with maximum and minimum values as a result of microwave hyperthermia treatment.

[The measurement of nerve root tensile stress]. / Masurarea tensiunii mecanice de intindere la nivelul unei radacini nervoase.

UNLABELLED: In the majority of the cases sciatica is caused by an intervertebral disc herniation compressing the nerve root. The compression determines an increased tension in the nerve root. We believe that the magnitude of this stress offers more information about the root impairment that the disc displacement measured on MRI images. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We present in this paper an original device which allows for intraoperative root stress analysis. The device consists of a force transducer composed of an elastic element and a displacement limitation. RESULTS: The initial measurements were performed on silicon catheters and human cadavers in two different situations: 1. free nerve root; 2. blocked nerve root. Next step was intraoperative nerve roots tensile stress recording during lumbar disc surgery. Different force values were obtained for the same displacement (3 mm perpendicular on nervous root): F1 = 0.21 N; F2 = 0.78 N. Considering experimental values, the tensile stress inside of a nervous root is determined by using specific mechanical calculations presented in this paper. This is a simple and useful device for rapid intraoperative recording of nerve root mechanical stress.

[Optimisation of hip endoprosthesis election by using finite element analysis]. / Optimizarea indicatiilor de alegere a tipului de proteza de sold prin utilizarea analizei cu element finit.

UNLABELLED: The main aim of this study is to present an optimized method for election of hip endoprosthesis by using finite element analysis. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Four types of hip endoprosthesis with different design and fixation type were considered for this study. First step is three-dimensional reconstruction to one femur using CT sections; the second represent the hip endoprostheses components 3D reconstruction, virtual implantation of each endoprosthesis in femur, then finite element analysis. RESULTS: The calculated Von Mises stress as a result of finite element analysis indicates the optimum endoprosthesis by considering the stress on endoprosthetic nail and bone.

[Superficial microwaves hyperthermia--physical treatment parameters obtained on experimental phantom]. / Hipertermia superficiala cu microunde parametri fizici de tratament determinati pe fantom experimental.

AIM: To present the physical treatment parameters of superficial hyperthermia device that may be used in cancer treatment in association with radiotherapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: First step is to present the way to measure continuous temperature, the deep and surface temperature distribution obtained by using hyperthermia device. Second step is to describe the experimental protocol. RESULTS: Some physical parameters were obtained by measuring the temperature on the experimental phantom: deep penetration and superficial distribution. These values help to evaluate the useful therapeutic surface and optimal deep penetration of the treatment temperature.

[Microwaves hyperthermia. Preliminary experimental results]. / Hipertermia cu microunde. Rezultate experimentale preliminare.

AIM: The main aim of this study was to present a way of designing a hyperthermia device based on microwaves, which will be used for cancer treatment in association with radiotherapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A hyperthermia device with two parts - the electrical part and the mechanical support--was built. The surface temperature distribution was evaluated using a plastic material with micro-pockets filled with water. RESULTS: The experimental results were obtained by measuring the temperature in each micro-pocket. These values helped to evaluate the surface temperature distribution and to delimit the region with useful temperature.

[Experimental evaluation of hip dynamics]. / Evaluarea experimentala a dinamicii soldului.

AIM: The main aim of this study was to build a dynamometric platform in order to measure the variation of the reaction force on the ground, a very important parameter for evaluating the stability of a patient. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A dynamometric platform for experimental determination of ground-side reaction was design. Using this platform, a theoretical model of the active forces in the limb joints was elaborated. RESULTS: The experimental results of experiments on healthy persons and patients with locomotion disabilities were combined with the theoretical model to determinate the hip reaction force.