RESUMO
The analysis on the role of major nutrients (proteins, fats and carbohydrates), micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) in a diet of sportsmen is adduced. Requirements for nutrients depend on the volume and intensity of physical exertion during training and competition, not only on the qualifications of sportsmen.
Assuntos
Atletas , Exercício Físico/fisiologia , Alimentos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Medicina Esportiva/métodosRESUMO
Contemporary domestic and international experience of forming a diet for young athletes involved in various kinds of sport was considered at the article.
Assuntos
Necessidades Nutricionais , Esportes , Adolescente , Criança , Carboidratos da Dieta/administração & dosagem , Gorduras na Dieta/administração & dosagem , Proteínas Alimentares/administração & dosagem , Metabolismo Energético , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Micronutrientes/administração & dosagem , Valor Nutritivo , Federação RussaAssuntos
Hepatite B/diagnóstico , Adjuvantes Imunológicos/uso terapêutico , Criança , Doença Crônica , Triagem de Portadores Genéticos , Hepatite B/tratamento farmacológico , Hepatite B/genética , Hepatite Crônica/diagnóstico , Hepatite Crônica/tratamento farmacológico , Hepatite Crônica/genética , Homozigoto , Humanos , Levamisol/uso terapêutico , Hormônios do Timo/uso terapêuticoRESUMO
The work deals with the results of the study of T-lymphocytes and their subpopulations (active, thermostable, theophylline-sensitive and theophylline-resistant) in 102 children with chronic viral hepatitis B, depending on the effectiveness of thymalin therapy. The sensitization of lymphocytes to specific antigens was studied. Among patients with chronic viral hepatitis B and cirrhosis of the liver the homozygous phenotype of haptoglobin is registered essentially more frequently (63.6% and 82.4% respectively) than among healthy persons (44.0%). The patients of this group showed a decrease in the number of T-lymphocytes, disturbances in the suppressor/helper ratio: hypersuppression in persisting hepatitis and hyposuppression in active hepatitis. In 71.6% of cases thymalin therapy produced an effect manifested by clinico-biochemical remission, an increase in the number of T-lymphocytes, thermostable cells and the normalization of the T-suppressor/T-helper ratio. In these patients sensitization to HBsAg essentially decreased (from 30.5% to 13.9%), while sensitization to human liver lipoprotein retained its high level even after treatment with thymalin.