Assuntos
Meios de Contraste/administração & dosagem , Espaço Epidural/diagnóstico por imagem , Deslocamento do Disco Intervertebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Canal Medular/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias da Medula Espinal/diagnóstico por imagem , Traumatismos da Coluna Vertebral/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , RadiografiaRESUMO
Study of the development of intracranial hematomas by means of physical and mathematical models showed that the final volume of the hematoma depends on the diameter of the injured vessel, the strength and anatomical features of the fixation of the dura mater to the skull bones, the area of hematoma formation, and the formation of the draining tract along the veins of the dura mater. Examination of the hematoma mathematical model showed that the formation of lenticular hematomas is most likely in the region of the maximum curvature of the inner cranial surface. Stabilization of the physical parameters of the hematoma model is regulated by drainage through the venous system of the dura mater.
Assuntos
Hematoma Epidural Craniano/patologia , Adulto , Fenômenos Biofísicos , Biofísica , Computadores , Humanos , Matemática , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Modelos BiológicosRESUMO
The strength of the fixation of the dura mater to the bones of the cranial portion and base of the skull was studied with regard to their resistance to separation. Specimens taken from individuals who had died at the age of 3 months to 4 years and from 25 to 58 years were examined. These specimens were not treated with preservatives. It was established that the strength of fixation of dura mater to the cranial bones depends on the age and individual anatomical features and is 30--1800 g/cm. The topography of the fields of minimum and maximum strength of fixation of the dura mater was determined which explains some regular features of epidural hematoma formation.
Assuntos
Dura-Máter/anatomia & histologia , Hematoma Epidural Craniano/fisiopatologia , Crânio/anatomia & histologia , Adulto , Fenômenos Biomecânicos , Pré-Escolar , Fossa Craniana Posterior/anatomia & histologia , Dura-Máter/irrigação sanguínea , Dura-Máter/fisiopatologia , Osso Frontal/anatomia & histologia , Humanos , Lactente , Artérias Meníngeas/anatomia & histologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Sela Túrcica/anatomia & histologia , Crânio/irrigação sanguínea , Osso Esfenoide/anatomia & histologia , Veias/anatomia & histologiaRESUMO
The patency of the subarachnoid space of the spinal cord was studied by means of radioisotopes in 82 patients, among whom 18 had tumors of the spinal cord, 22 had herniation of the intervertebral disk, 18 had complicated fractures of the spine, and 11 had inflammatory diseases of the spinal cord and its meninges. Colloidal solutions of 198Au, 111In, and 131I were used for endolumbar and cisternal infusion. Scanning of the vertebral canal provides for the diagnosis of the level, degree, and extent of its compression caused by various vertebro-medullary pathologic conditions. The method is sparing, minimum doses of isotopes are used, and no complications are produced.