Fractional analysis of unsteady squeezing flow of Casson fluid via homotopy perturbation method.

The objective of this article is to model and analyze unsteady squeezing flow of fractional MHD Casson fluid through a porous channel. Casson fluid model is significant in understanding the properties of non-Newtonian fluids such as blood flows, printing inks, sauces and toothpaste etc. This study provides important results as unsteady flow of Casson fluid in fractional sense with aforementioned effects has not been captured in existing literature. After applying similarity transformations along with fractional calculus a highly non-linear fractional-order differential equation is obtained. Modeled equation is then solved along with no-slip boundary conditions through a hybrid of Laplace transform with homotopy perturbation algorithm. For validity purposes, solution and errors at various values in fractional domain are compared with existing results. LHPM results are better in terms of accuracy than other available results in literature. Effects of fractional parameter on the velocity profile, skin friction and behaviors of involved fluid parameters is the focal point of this study. Comprehensive, quantitative and graphical analysis is performed for investigating the effects of pertinent fluid parameters on the velocity profile and skin friction. Analysis revealed that fractional parameter depicts similar effect in case of positive and negative squeeze number. Also, skin friction decreases with an increasing fractional parameter. Moreover, in fractional environment Casson parameter has shown similar effect on the velocity profile in case of positive and negative squeeze number.

Finite Element Methodology of Hybridity Nanofluid Flowing in Diverse Wavy Sides of Penetrable Cylindrical Chamber under a Parallel Magnetic Field with Entropy Generation Analysis.

In a cylindrical cavity, the convection and entropy of the hybrid nanofluid were studied. We have introduced a rectangular fin inside the cylinder; the fin temperature is at Th. The right waving wall is cooled to Tc. The upper and lower walls are insulated. This study contains the induction of a constant magnetic field. The Galerkin finite element method (GFEM) is utilized to treat the controlling equations obtained by giving Rayleigh number values between Ra (103-106) and Hartmann number ratio Ha (0, 25, 50, 100) and Darcy ranging between Da (10-2-10-5) and the porosity ratio is ε (0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8), and the size of the nanoparticles is ϕ (0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08). The range is essential for controlling both fluid flow and the heat transport rate for normal convection. The outcomes show how Da affects entropy and leads to a decline in entropy development. The dynamic and Nusselt mean diverge in a straight line. The domain acts in opposition to the magnetic force while flowing. Highest entropy-forming situations were found in higher amounts of Ra, Da, and initial values of Ha. Parameters like additive nanoparticles (ϕ) and porosity (ε) exert diagonal dominant trends with their improving values.

Antimicrobial Activity of Some Sudanese Medicinal Plants Against its Pollutant Isolated Bacteria.

<b>Background and Objective:</b> Medicinal plants have been known to cure many diseases due to the presence of active bio constituents, the goal of this study to detect and evaluate the effectiveness of antimicrobial activity of some Sudanese medicinal plants. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> Methanolic extracts of the following types of local medicinal plants <i>Artemisia herba-alba</i>,<i> Cyperus rotundus</i>,<i> Cymbopogon schoenanthus </i>sb<i> </i>sp.<i> Proximus</i>,<i> Trigonella foenum-graecum</i>,<i> Nigella sativa</i>,<i> Hyphaene thebaica</i>,<i> Nauclea latifolia</i> and <i>Ziziphus spina-christi</i> were tested against eight types of bacteria that were isolated from the same plants as their pollutants. Cup-plate method was used and then the inhibition zone of each plant was measured and compared with the inhibitory zone of some antibiotics used for the same isolates. <b>Results:</b> Methanol extracts of some plant species showed antibacterial activity against most of the studied bacterial species. <i>Cymbopogon schoenanthus </i>ssp.<i> Proximus </i>showed antibacterial activity against most isolated bacterial species in comparison with commercial antibiotics used. <b>Conclusion:</b> According to the findings of this research, severalmedicinal plants have efficacy and effect on certain types of bacteria and are superior or comparable to certain types of antibiotics. When compared to the other medicinal plants used in this study<i>, Cymbopogon schoenanthus </i>sbsp. <i>proximus </i>has the highest activity on most types of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as the superiority of some antibiotics.

Nonlinear vibration of a pre-stressed water-filled single-walled carbon nanotube using Shell Model.

This paper is an attempt to study the nonlinear vibration of a pre-stressed single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) with water-filled and simply supported ends. A new analytical formula is obtained for the nonlinear model based on the simplified Donnell's shell theory. The effects of internal fluid on the coupling vibration of the SWCNT-water system are discussed in detail. Furthermore, the influence of the different nanotube thicknesses and radiuses on the nonlinear vibration frequencies is investigated according to the shell theory. Numerical calculations are done to show the effectiveness of the proposed schemes. The results show that the nonlinear frequency grew with the increasing nonlinear parameters (radius and thickness of nanotube). In addition, it is shown that the influence of the nonlinear parameters is greater at the lower mode in comparison with the higher mode for the same nanotube thickness and radius.