[Diagnostic procedures of pathological bleeding in women population: comparison of hysteroscopy, ultrasonography and microscopic examination endometrium]. / Diagnostyka nieprawidlowych krwawien z dróg rodnych u kobiet: porównanie badan histeroskopowych, ultrasonograficznych i mikroskopowych endometrium.

The goal of this study was to asses the diagnostic value of hysteroscopy, cytology, ultrasonography and histopathology in various pathological states in endometrium. 250 patients with abnormal uterine bleeding were examined. The wide range of several diagnoses were achieved with 8 cases of cancer. Used methods were found to be complementary because 7 cases of cancer were recognised by histopathologic method, 6 by hysteroscopy and 5 by a cytological test (3 results were suspicious). To the risk group were qualified by ultrasonography all patients in postmenopausal age.

[Laparotomy performed in pregnant women due to non-obstetrical causes]. / Laparotomie wykonane u ciezarnych z przyczyn niepolozniczych.

OBJECTIVE: The clinical characteristics of laparotomy during pregnancy were investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A series of 24 cases of laparotomy during pregnancy was investigated with respect to clinicopathologic features and outcome. RESULTS: Among 23 cases there were 20 ovarian tumors, 2 acute appendicitis and 2 uterine fibroid. Gestational ages at the time of surgery ranged from 16 to 24 weeks of patients with ovarian tumors and from 30 to 32 weeks in others. No intraoperative or postoperative maternal or fetal complications occurred. One patient had a stage III ovarian carcinoma and went to total hysterectomy, and other patient had a stage IA ovarian carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: Appendectomy can be performed without additional risk to the fetus for those who require surgical intervention during pregnancy. Ovarian surgery in pregnancy for persistent masses is important to obtain a final histologic diagnosis.

[Carrier of numerical chromosome abnormalities in infertile married couples]. / Nosicielstwo anomalii liczbowych chromosomowych wsród malzenstw z niepowodzeniami prokreacji.

OBJECTIVES: Genetic anomalies are one of many conditions causing infertility. DESIGN: The aim of the study was to define the frequency of numerical chromosome aberrations in infertile married couples. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Metaphasal chromosomes were analysed by G-T-G stration in 650 patients, i.e. 325 married couples. Chromosomes for testing had been obtained from peripheral blood lymphocytes. RESULTS: Of all women and men, numerical chromosome anomalies were found in 14 married couples (4.1%). The aberrations were connected with female factors in 8 couples (2.3%), and with male factors in 6 (1.8%). CONCLUSIONS: Results of the study indicate that diagnostic procedure for infertility should preferably include cytogenetic examinations as well.