[The epidemiological profile of subjects exposed to rabies in Abidjan, Ivory Coast]. / Profil épidémiologique des personnes exposées à la rage à Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.

The purpose of this study is to describe the epidemiological profile of subjects exposed to rabies in the anti-rabies center of Abidjan in Ivory Coast. The paper is based on a cross-sectional study conducted among all people exposed to the risk of rabies and followed in the anti-rabies center from January to December 2008. During the study period, 2,673 subjects were exposed, i.e. 5 exposures for every 10,000 persons. 1,534 patients (57.4%) were male. The most exposed age groups were the 0-9 and 10-19 age groups (22.4% and 29.5% respectively). In Abidjan, 608 individuals (22.7%) were exposed in Cocody, 471 individuals (17.6%) in Abobo, and 310 individuals (11.6%) in Yopougon. Exposure occurred in 76.9% of cases (2,055 subjects) at home and exclusively concerned visitors of the family. Exposures by animal bites represented 88.1% (2,354 subjects) of all cases, while 23.2% (620 subjects) of exposures were category III. The average period between exposure and consultation was 10 days. Subjects were exposed as a result of contact with a dog in 92.1 % of cases (2,462 subjects). The animal was found alive in 74.9% (2,002 cases) and was not immunized in 87.2% of cases (2,331). Post-exposure prophylaxis was given up by 1,470 persons (55.2%). 13 subjects were received at the stage of clinical rabies. Increased knowledge of the epidemiological profile of rabies exposure will contribute to improving the management of the disease in Ivory Coast.

[Prevalence and determinants of childbirth at home in two vulnerable neighborhoods of Yopougon (Abidjan), Côte d'Ivoire]. / Prévalence et déterminants des accouchements à domicile dans deux quartiers précaires de la commune de Yopougon (Abidjan), Côte d'Ivoire.

A household survey was conducted from February 13 to May 12, 2006, to determine the frequency of childbirth at home in two vulnerable districts of the township of Yopougon, and to identify the factors that determine this choice. We interviewed all women residing in these districts who gave birth during the period from January 2005 to the date of our investigation. This study showed that 17% of deliveries took place outside of a maternity ward. Most of the women interviewed, averaging 26 years of age, were illiterate and had no professional occupation; 64% were unaware of the risks associated with pregnancy and home birth. Furthermore, 25% of these women found the services and the reception at the maternity hospital to be poor and 54% felt the cost of delivery at the maternity ward to be too high. Factors that promote the choice of home birth are geographic and financial inaccessibility, ignorance of women and the poor perception of maternity services. All of the determining influences that can sway and impact a women's decision on where to give birth should be taken into account in order to improve the use of maternity services and reduce the frequency of home childbirth without medical assistance.