Traitement de la biproalveolie pathologique par prothese adjointe partielle

Le sujet africain mélanoderme se caractérise par une biproalvéolie qui à la vue des études menés par Djaha peu être toléré.Dans certains cas, une intervention s'impose à nous,soit pour rectifier l'angle formé par les dents antérieures soit de façon plus radicale pour extraire les dents car fortement mobilisées.Dans cette perspective la prothèse adjointe donne une solution intéressante à deux niveaux.L'acception par le patient du choix thérapeutique et la conduite du traitement.Nous nous proposons au travers d'un cas clinique de présenter une approche diagnostic et de traitement

[Localization and registration of the hinge axis in black Africans]. / Le point sur la localisation et le transfert de l'axe charnière chez le sujet melanoderme africain.

The study of the cinematic method using "SAM" and "Quick Axis of FAG" added to mandibular condyle palpation for the hinge axis limited points, show that the Black Africans mandibular condyle rotation axis position is higher (3.5 mm) and backer (2 mm) than the Caucasians. The axial points are located to between 11 and 12 mm in front of the tragus and between 7 and 8 mm below on the perpendicular line to the furrow defining the tragus superior side to the Ectocanthus.

[Choice of size of anterior teeth in black African patients]. / Choix de la dimension des dents antérieures chez le sujet mélanoderme d'Afrique.

The choice of the size of artificial teeth takes an important place in the treatment of edentulism with removable prosthesis. However, the standards or proportions commonly used as guide have been developed mainly on Caucasian populations. This study have been undertaken to determine some proportions between anterior upper teeth and some maxillo-facial structures in black African subjects. The results suggest that the proportions generally used to choice the anterior upper artificial teeth in Caucasian subjects can not been applied in melanoderme African patients.

[Ricketts' chi point as reference element in orienting the occlusal plane in the black African patient]. / Le point Xi de Ricketts comme élément référentiel dans l'orientation du plan d'occlusion chez le sujet negro-africain.

In removable complete prosthesis, the RICKETTS' Xi point is used as posterior determinant during the occlusal line reconstruction. In dentulous subject, the crossing of this line nearness to this point definite the Lo-Xi segment. The cephalometric study of this distance from 17 linear and angular variables, has been undertaken on 50 Africans melanoderm subjects. The statistic analysis of correlation and multiple regression shows that Lo-Xi is the resultant of the posterior molars stops of occlusion, the anterior incisive reference point to the base of the skull. The point appears very unsettled from and an individual to another. So, it can't be used as a credible reference in black Africans.

[The complexion and color of teeth in a Black African population. Apropos of a sample of 240 subjects]. / Carnation et teinte des dents chez le sujet africain mélanoderme. A propos d'un échantillon de 240 sujets.

From a sample divides in five groups of different skin colours, the authors determine, by the visual method, the shade of incisives, canines and first premolars. This study allows to confirm the harmony between the anterior teeth among African melanoderme subjects. Then, it underlines a possible relation between the skin colour and the teeth's shade. In fact, the shade of the teeth seems to evolve in the opposite direction of the colour of the skin in the experimental sample.

[Toward a more resistant resin, more economical and better suited to conditions in developing countries]. / Pour une resine plus resistante, plus economique et adaptee aux contextes des pays du sud.

The breakage of prosthesis constructed in polymethacrylate resin is a reality in daily practice. Several solutions have been proposed to overcome this problem. Thus, the reinforcement of resin with carbon fibre improved greatly the mechanical properties, notably the fatigue strength. The technique of elaboration of such prosthesis proposed in this study has little impact on aesthetic as well as on the final cost. This proposition could be a relevant solution for third world countries opposite to economical and technological problems generated by cast metallic framework.