Identification and Management: Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome/Veno-Occlusive Disease Eelated to Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
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BACKGROUND: Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS), also called hepatic veno-occlusive disease (VOD), is a potentially life-threatening complication of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) that affects about 1 in 7 patients undergoing this procedure. SOS/VOD is caused by the conditioning regimens administered prior to HSCT; in some cases, SOS/VOD results from chemotherapy alone. SOS/VOD usually develops within three weeks following HSCT; however, it can have later onset. 
. OBJECTIVES: Clearly understanding how SOS/VOD develops may support prompt detection and treatment when the condition arises.
. METHODS: Research on identification and management of SOS/VOD is summarized, and data from clinical trials are reviewed.
. FINDINGS: This article describes the syndrome, risk factors, signs and symptoms, and appropriate supportive care and treatment. The authors also offer some practical tips for detecting SOS/VOD and providing patient care, as well as the latest information on treating and preventing this condition.

Management of veno-occlusive disease: the multidisciplinary approach to care.

Although it is considered a relatively rare disorder, veno-occlusive disease (VOD) is one of the main causes of overall, non-relapse mortality associated with haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). This article, based on the consensus opinion of haemato-oncology nurses, haemato-oncologists and pharmacists from both adult and paediatric services at the VOD International Multi-Disciplinary Advisory Board at the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) meeting, Istanbul, 2015, aims to explore the multidisciplinary approach to care for the management of VOD, with an emphasis on current challenges in this area. The careful monitoring of HSCT patients allows early detection of the symptoms associated with VOD and timely treatment, ultimately improving patient outcomes. As part of a multidisciplinary team, nurses have an essential role to play, from pretransplant assessment to medical management and overall care of the patient. Physicians and pharmacists have a responsibility to facilitate education and training so that nurses can work effectively within that team.

T-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma: a single center retrospective study of outcome.

T-lymphoblastic leukemia/lymphoma (LBL and ALL) is a rare lymphoid malignancy typically presenting in adolescent and young adult males. Patients are traditionally treated with ALL-type protocols, with no consensus on the role of maintenance therapy, or allogeneic or autologous transplant. Outcome results are thus difficult to interpret. The successful use of intensified ALL protocols in patients <25 years with lymphoblastic malignancies without transplant prompted the Haematology Unit at St James's Hospital (SJH) to change practice in 2005 from transplanting in first complete remission (CR1) to treating patients <25 years with chemotherapy alone. We reviewed the outcome of patients treated before 2005 in order to compare the pre- and post-2005 management approaches in the future. This retrospective study included 31 patients with T-LBL treated from 1980 to 2004. The patients were divided into group A (16-25 years) and group B (>25 years). Twenty-one patients had an allograft in CR1 (group A, n = 12 and group B, n = 9). For the allografted patients the 5-year EFS and OS was 57%, with a treatment related mortality of 10%. In conclusion, this series confirms that allograft in CR1 has an acceptable cure rate, and we will use these results to benchmark outcomes using pediatric-type protocols in the future.