RESUMO
Gardnerella vaginalis is typically associated with bacterial vaginosis in women. However, balanitis, urethritis, urinary tract infections and asymptomatic bacteraemia have also been described in men. Here we report a case of G. vaginalis septicaemia with infective endocarditis and septic emboli in the kidney and brain of an adult male.
Assuntos
Infecções Bacterianas/microbiologia , Endocardite/microbiologia , Gardnerella vaginalis/isolamento & purificação , Embolia Intracraniana/microbiologia , Nefropatias/microbiologia , Pielonefrite/microbiologia , Sepse/complicações , Adulto , Infecções Bacterianas/patologia , Encéfalo/diagnóstico por imagem , Encéfalo/patologia , Ecocardiografia , Endocardite/patologia , Humanos , Embolia Intracraniana/patologia , Nefropatias/patologia , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Pielonefrite/patologia , Radiografia Abdominal , Sepse/microbiologia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
In Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium ovale malaria, some of the liver stage parasites remain dormant. The activation of these dormant forms (called hypnozoite) can give rise to relapse weeks, months or years after the initial infection. To prevent relapses, a course of primaquine may be given as terminal prophylaxis to patients. Different strains of Plasmodium vivax vary in their sensitivity to primaquine and, recently, cases of relapse of Plasmodium vivax after this standard primaquine therapy were reported from various countries. We reported a case of primaquine resistant malaria which initially was thought to be relapsed caused by loss of terminal prophylaxis.
Assuntos
Antimaláricos/uso terapêutico , Malária Vivax/tratamento farmacológico , Primaquina/uso terapêutico , Animais , Cloroquina/uso terapêutico , Resistência a Medicamentos , Humanos , Malária Vivax/parasitologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Plasmodium vivax/efeitos dos fármacos , Plasmodium vivax/crescimento & desenvolvimento , RecidivaRESUMO
We have compared the dose-response relationships of suxamethonium, mivacurium and atracurium and examined the interactions of suxamethonium with mivacurium or atracurium in humans by isobolographic analysis. We studied 100 adult patients during fentanyl and thiopentone anaesthesia. Neuromuscular function was monitored using a Myograph 2000 (Biometer Co., Odense, Denmark). The dose-response curves were determined by probit analysis. Isobolographic and fractional analyses were used to assess quantitatively the combined effect of equipotent doses of suxamethonium, mivacurium and atracurium and to define the type of interaction between suxamethonium and mivacurium or atracurium. The ED50 values for suxamethonium, mivacurium and atracurium were 198.8 (95% confidence interval 190.7-206.9), 48.6 (45.4-51.8) and 202.1 (197.9-206.2) mg kg-1, respectively. Isobolographic and fractional analyses of the suxamethonium-mivacurium and suxamethonium-atracurium combinations demonstrated antagonistic interactions.