Herpes simplex encephalitis initially presenting without fever or cerebrospinal fluid pleocytosis and with typical neuroimaging findings: a case report.

Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) is a common viral encephalitis that can be fatal if not adequately treated. Fever, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) pleocytosis, and typical neuroimaging findings are commonly observed in HSE cases. We encountered a patient with HSE who did not exhibit these classic clinical features. A 63-year-old male presented with his first-ever seizure. Fever did not develop until the fourth day of admission, and neither neuroimaging nor CSF analysis revealed abnormalities. Under suspicion of autoimmune encephalitis, methylprednisolone was administered. Subsequently, when the patient developed fever, a follow-up neuroimaging study was performed and revealed abnormalities consistent with HSE. The patient was promptly treated with acyclovir, which led to a full recovery. Diagnosing HSE in patients who present without fever or CSF pleocytosis and with typical neuroimaging findings poses a challenge. Therefore, prior to initiating immunosuppressive treatment, it is crucial to closely observe patients and to conduct follow-up tests, including neuroimaging and CSF analysis.

The complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Populus davidiana Dode.

This study sequenced the entire mitochondrial genome of Populus davidiana Dode. It was 779,361 bp in length, containing 33 protein-coding genes, 3 rRNA genes and 22 tRNA genes and 1 pseudogene, and its GC content was 44.8%. Phylogenetic analysis was conducted using 6 mitochondrial genomes from the Salicaceae and Euphorbiaceae families, resulting that P. davidiana Dode was closely related to Populus tremula and Populus tremula × Populus alba. These results will provide fundamental data for the evolutionary studies in Populus genus.

The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Populus davidiana Dode.

The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Populus davidiana Dode was determined in this study. The cpDNA was 155,853 bp in length, containing a pair of inverted repeats (IRs) of 27,571 bp each separated by a large and small single copy (LSC and SSC) regions of 84,127 bp and 16,584 bp, respectively. The cpDNA contained 130 genes, including 85 protein-coding genes, 8 ribosomal RNA genes and 37 transfer RNA genes. Phylogenetic analysis indicated P. davidiana was mostly close to Populus tremula, widely distributed in Europe and Populus tremula × alba.