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1.
Clin Breast Cancer ; 23(2): 155-161, 2023 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36566135

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: RNA-based genomic risk assessment estimates chemotherapy benefit in patients with hormone-receptor positive (HR+)/Human Epidermal Growth Factor 2-negative (ERBB2-) breast cancer (BC). It is virtually used in all patients with early HR+/ERBB2- BC regardless of clinical recurrence risk. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective chart review of adult patients with early-stage (T1-3; N0; M0) HR+/ERBB2- BC who underwent genomic testing using the Oncotype DX (Exact Sciences) 21-genes assay. Clinicopathologic features were collected to assess the clinical recurrence risk, in terms of clinical risk score (CRS) and using a composite risk score of distant recurrence Regan Risk Score (RRS). CRS and RRS were compared to the genomic risk of recurrence (GRS). RESULTS: Between January 2015 and December 2020, 517 patients with early-stage disease underwent genomic testing, and clinical data was available for 501 of them. There was statistically significant concordance between the 3 prognostication methods (P < 0.01). Within patients with low CRS (n = 349), 9.17% had a high GRS, compared to 8.93% in patients with low RRS (n = 280). In patients with grade 1 histology (n = 130), 3.85% had a high GRS and 68.46% had tumors > 1 cm, of whom only 4.49% had a high GRS. Tumor size > 1cm did not associate with a high GRS. CONCLUSION: Genomic testing for patients with grade 1 tumors may be safely omitted, irrespective of size. Our finds call for a better understanding of the need for routine genomic testing in patients with low grade/low clinical risk of recurrence.


Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama , Neoplasias de Mama Triplo Negativas , Adulto , Humanos , Feminino , Neoplasias da Mama/terapia , Neoplasias da Mama/tratamento farmacológico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Neoplasias de Mama Triplo Negativas/tratamento farmacológico , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/epidemiologia , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/genética , Recidiva Local de Neoplasia/tratamento farmacológico , Receptor ErbB-2/metabolismo , Genômica , Medição de Risco , Quimioterapia Adjuvante , Prognóstico , Biomarcadores Tumorais/genética , Biomarcadores Tumorais/metabolismo
2.
Oncologist ; 27(3): 183-190, 2022 03 11.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35274713

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Liquid biopsy testing offers a significant potential in selecting signal-matched therapies for advanced solid malignancies. The feasibility of liquid biopsy testing in a community-based oncology practice, and its actual impact on selecting signal-matched therapies, and subsequent survival effects have not previously been reported. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective chart review was conducted on adult patients with advanced solid cancer tested with a liquid-biopsy assay between December 2018 and 2019, in a community oncology practice. The impact of testing on treatment assignment and survival was assessed at 1-year follow-up. RESULTS: A total of 178 patients underwent testing. A positive test was reported in 140/178 patients (78.7%), of whom 75% had an actionable mutation. The actual overall signal-based matching rate was 17.8%. While 85.7% of patients with no actionable mutation had a signal-based clinical trial opportunity, only 10% were referred to a trial. Survival analysis of lung, breast, and colorectal cancer patients with actionable mutations who received any therapy (n = 66) revealed a survival advantage for target-matched (n = 22) compared to unmatched therapy (n = 44): patients who received matched therapy had significantly longer progression-free survival (PFS) (mPFS: 12 months; 95%CI, 10.6-13.4 vs. 5.0 months; 95%CI, 3.4-6.6; P = .029), with a tendency towards longer overall survival (OS) (mOS: 15 months; 95%CI, 13.5-16.5 vs. 13 months; 95%CI: 11.3-14.7; P = .087). CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of liquid biopsy testing is feasible in a US community practice and impacts therapeutic choices in patients with advanced malignancies. Receipt of liquid biopsy-generated signal-matched therapies conferred added survival benefits.


Assuntos
Neoplasias , Adulto , Biópsia , Humanos , Biópsia Líquida , Oncologia , Neoplasias/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias/terapia , Estudos Retrospectivos
3.
Am J Hematol ; 92(10): 1004-1010, 2017 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28614905

RESUMO

Patients with relapsed aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) are often treated with platinum-based chemoimmunotherapy regimens in preparation for autologous stem cell transplant. We sought to reduce toxicity and maintain efficacy by using oxaliplatin with rituximab, cytarabine and dexamethasone (ROAD) in a phase II clinical trial in patients who had relapsed after one prior regimen. ROAD was delivered q21 days and consisted of rituximab 375 mg/m2 IV weekly x 4 doses (cycle 1 only); dexamethasone 40 mg PO/IV d2 - 5; oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2 IV day 2; cytarabine 2000 mg/m2 IV × two doses on days 2 to 3; and pegfilgrastim 6 mg SC on day 4. Forty-five eligible patients were accrued between 2006 and 2008. Patient characteristics were a median age of 69 years; 96% had received prior rituximab; 53% were within one year of diagnosis. The median number of cycles received was 2 (range, 1-6). Forty-four % received ROAD as an outpatient. The overall response rate was 71% with 27% (12/45) CR and 44% (20/45) PR. Forty-four % (20/45) of all patients and 69% (18/26) of patients whom responded after 2 cycles proceeded to transplant. Median overall survival was 26 mos (95% CI: 7.3 mos-not reached) and median progression-free survival was 11 mos (95% CI: 6-104 mos). There was no grade 3/4 nephrotoxicity; the rate of grade 3/4 neuropathy was 4%. Forty-two percent of all patients and 69% of patients transplanted remain alive at 5 years. ROAD represents an acceptable salvage therapeutic option for patients with relapsed aggressive NHL.


Assuntos
Antígenos CD20/imunologia , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos/etiologia , Linfoma de Células B/tratamento farmacológico , Idoso , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/administração & dosagem , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efeitos adversos , Citarabina/administração & dosagem , Citarabina/efeitos adversos , Citarabina/uso terapêutico , Dexametasona/administração & dosagem , Dexametasona/efeitos adversos , Dexametasona/uso terapêutico , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Esquema de Medicação , Efeitos Colaterais e Reações Adversas Relacionados a Medicamentos/epidemiologia , Feminino , Filgrastim , Seguimentos , Fator Estimulador de Colônias de Granulócitos/administração & dosagem , Fator Estimulador de Colônias de Granulócitos/efeitos adversos , Fator Estimulador de Colônias de Granulócitos/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Linfoma de Células B/imunologia , Linfoma de Células B/mortalidade , Linfoma de Células B/patologia , Masculino , Compostos Organoplatínicos/administração & dosagem , Compostos Organoplatínicos/efeitos adversos , Compostos Organoplatínicos/uso terapêutico , Oxaliplatina , Polietilenoglicóis , Proteínas Recombinantes/administração & dosagem , Proteínas Recombinantes/efeitos adversos , Proteínas Recombinantes/uso terapêutico , Rituximab/administração & dosagem , Rituximab/efeitos adversos , Rituximab/uso terapêutico
4.
J Clin Oncol ; 35(7): 718-726, 2017 Mar.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28068178

RESUMO

Purpose Squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal (SCCAC) is characterized by high locoregional failure (LRF) rates after sphincter-preserving definitive chemoradiation (CRT) and is typically associated with anogenital human papilloma virus infection. Because cetuximab enhances the effect of radiation therapy in human papilloma virus-associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, we hypothesized that adding cetuximab to CRT would reduce LRF in SCCAC. Methods Sixty-one patients with stage I to III SCCAC received CRT including cisplatin, fluorouracil, and radiation therapy to the primary tumor and regional lymph nodes (45 to 54 Gy) plus eight once-weekly doses of concurrent cetuximab. The study was designed to detect at least a 50% reduction in 3-year LRF rate (one-sided α, 0.10; power 90%), assuming a 35% LRF rate from historical data. Results Poor risk features included stage III disease in 64% and male sex in 20%. The 3-year LRF rate was 23% (95% CI, 13% to 36%; one-sided P = .03) by binomial proportional estimate using the prespecified end point and 21% (95% CI, 7% to 26%) by Kaplan-Meier estimate in a post hoc analysis using methods consistent with historical data. Three-year rates were 68% (95% CI, 55% to 79%) for progression-free survival and 83% (95% CI, 71% to 91%) for overall survival. Grade 4 toxicity occurred in 32%, and 5% had treatment-associated deaths. Conclusion Although the addition of cetuximab to chemoradiation for SCCAC was associated with lower LRF rates than historical data with CRT alone, toxicity was substantial, and LRF still occurs in approximately 20%, indicating the continued need for more effective and less toxic therapies.


Assuntos
Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapêutico , Neoplasias do Ânus/tratamento farmacológico , Neoplasias do Ânus/radioterapia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/tratamento farmacológico , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/radioterapia , Adulto , Idoso , Neoplasias do Ânus/imunologia , Neoplasias do Ânus/patologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/imunologia , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/patologia , Cetuximab/administração & dosagem , Quimiorradioterapia , Cisplatino/administração & dosagem , Intervalo Livre de Doença , Feminino , Fluoruracila/administração & dosagem , Humanos , Imunocompetência , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estadiamento de Neoplasias , Taxa de Sobrevida
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