RESUMO
Wheat prolamin-box binding factor (WPBF) was shown to be an activator of Triticum aestivum L. storage protein genes. Three homoeologous genes encoding this transcription factor were isolated from a bacterial artificial chromosome genomic library and sequenced. The genes all have two exons separated by an intron of approximately 1,000 bp where the second exon contains the entire coding sequence. Many differences were found between homoeologous sequences, but none of them is predicted to significantly alter the sequence of the putative encoded protein. The three homoeologous genes are specifically expressed in grain from 3 to 39 days after anthesis. The allelic variation of a genetically diverse collection of 27 bread wheat lines was assessed. One, five, and one single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected in the wPbf genes for the A, B, and D genomes, respectively. Physical and genetic mapping utilizing some of the SNPs identified confirmed that wPbf genes are located close to the centromeres on the homoeologous group 5 chromosomes. The low level of allelic diversity found in wPbf genes may suggest that these genes play a key role and are thus constrained by selection.
Assuntos
Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/genética , Proteínas de Ligação a DNA/metabolismo , Proteínas de Plantas/genética , Proteínas de Plantas/metabolismo , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Fatores de Transcrição/genética , Fatores de Transcrição/metabolismo , Triticum/genética , Triticum/metabolismo , Sequência de Aminoácidos , Sequência de Bases , Mapeamento Cromossômico/métodos , Cromossomos de Plantas , Expressão Gênica , Regulação da Expressão Gênica no Desenvolvimento , Genes de Plantas , Variação Genética , Genoma de Planta , Dados de Sequência Molecular , Homologia de Sequência do Ácido Nucleico , Triticum/crescimento & desenvolvimentoRESUMO
A novel storage protein gene with obvious [corrected] chimeric structure was isolated from an immature kernel-specific cDNA library prepared from the old Hungarian wheat [corrected] variety, Bánkúti 1201. This clone contains gamma-gliadin sequences in the 5' region and LMW-glutenin sequences on the 3' end. A frameshift mutation was also introduced by the putative recombination event. Hence, the amino acid sequence of the C-terminal region was transformed to a completely new polypeptide. Based on this finding, 7 additional recombinant prolamin genes of similar structure were isolated with specific PCR primers. The 8 chimeric clones seem to be derived from 4 individual gamma-gliadin and 3 LMW-glutenin sequences. These genes show remarkable diversity in size, gliadin:glutenin ratio, frameshift mutations, and sulphur content. The putative functional characteristics of the chimeric polypeptides and problems related to the origin of the encoding genes are discussed.
