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1.
Climacteric ; 26(4): 401-407, 2023 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36977423

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral ultra-low-dose continuous combination of 17ß-estradiol (17ß-E2) and norethisterone acetate (NETA) in postmenopausal Brazilian women. METHODS: Postmenopausal women (age 45-60 years) with amenorrhea >12 months and intact uterus, with moderate to severe vasomotor symptoms, were included. The vasomotor symptoms and endometrial bleeding were evaluated by a daily diary for 24 weeks, and the women were assessed at baseline and endpoint. RESULTS: A total of 118 women were included. The group treated with 0.5 mg 17ß-E2/0.1 mg NETA (n = 58) showed a percentage reduction of 77.1% in the frequency of vasomotor symptoms versus 49.9% in the placebo group (n = 60) (p = 0.0001). The severity score showed a reduction in the treatment group when compared to the placebo (p < 0.0001). The adverse events were comparable between the groups; however, in the 0.5 mg 17ß-E2/0.1 mg NETA group there were more complaints of vaginal bleeding; despite that, in most cycles in both treatment groups, more than 80% of women experienced amenorrhea. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of 0.5 mg 17ß-E2/0.1 mg NETA in a continuous combination regimen was shown to be effective in reducing the frequency and severity of vasomotor symptoms in Brazilian postmenopausal women.


Assuntos
Estradiol , Noretindrona , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Amenorreia , Brasil , Método Duplo-Cego , Estradiol/efeitos adversos , Terapia de Reposição de Estrogênios , Noretindrona/efeitos adversos , Acetato de Noretindrona/efeitos adversos , Pós-Menopausa
2.
Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci ; 25(22): 6834-6843, 2021 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34859846

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: A little is known about the role of miRNA-153 expression in prostate cancer (PCa), in this study we aimed to determine the prognostic value of miRNA-153 and PTEN expression in PCa, by correlating their expression with Gleason patterns, Gleason scores, and Grade groups. PATIENTS AND METHODS:  In situ hybridization for miRNA-153 and immunohistochemical staining for PTEN were applied on microarray sections of 80 PCa, with different Gleason grades, and 20 benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) cases. RESULTS: We found that miRNA-153 expression was significantly higher and PTEN was significantly lower in PCa compared to BPH. In PCa, high miRNA-153 expression and loss of PTEN expression were associated significantly with higher Gleason patterns, higher Gleason scores, and higher Grade groups. The expression of miRNA-153 showed a significant inverse correlation with PTEN expression. CONCLUSIONS: Increased miRNA-153 expression and lost PTEN expression in PCa may provide information on their role in the progression of this cancer, suggesting that miRNA-153 could affect PTEN directly in prostatic neoplastic and hyperplastic lesions, and therefore miRNA-153 can be considered a new tool to improve the treatment efficacy and prognosis of PCa patients.


Assuntos
Adenocarcinoma/genética , Adenocarcinoma/metabolismo , MicroRNAs , PTEN Fosfo-Hidrolase/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Próstata/genética , Neoplasias da Próstata/metabolismo , Adenocarcinoma/patologia , Idoso , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prognóstico , Próstata/metabolismo , Próstata/patologia , Hiperplasia Prostática/genética , Hiperplasia Prostática/metabolismo , Neoplasias da Próstata/patologia
3.
Arch Razi Inst ; 76(3): 507-519, 2021.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34824744

RESUMO

Multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella serovars are considered a significant threat to veterinary and public health. Developing new antimicrobial compounds that can treat the infection caused by these notorious pathogens is a big challenge. Bacteriophages can be adsorbed on and inhibit the growth of bacteria, providing optimal and promising alternatives to chemical antimicrobial compounds against foodborne pathogens due to their abundance in nature and high host specificity. The objective of the current study was to isolate and characterize new phages from poultry farms and sewage and to evaluate their efficacy against S. Enteritidis isolates. The study reports three lytic phages designated as ϕSET1, ϕSET2, and ϕSET3 isolated from poultry carcasses and sewage samples in Qalubiya governorate Egypt. The effectiveness of phages was evaluated against multidrug-resistant S. Enteritidis strains. Electron microscopy showed that these phages belong to the Siphoviridae family. Phages were tested against 13 bacterial strains to determine their host range. They could infect four S. Enteritidis and one S. Typhimurium; however, they did not infect other tested bacterial species, indicating their narrow infectivity. The bacteriophage's single-step growth curves revealed a latent period of 20 min for ϕSET1 and 30 min for ϕSET2 and ϕSET3. The isolated Salmonella phages prevented the growth of S. Enteritidis for up to 18 hrs. The findings revealed that Salmonella phages could be used as alternative natural antibacterial compounds to combat infection with MDR S. Enteritidis in the poultry industry and represent a step forward to using large panels of phages for eliminating Salmonella from the food chain.


Assuntos
Bacteriófagos , Aves Domésticas , Animais , Egito , Fazendas , Salmonella enteritidis , Sorogrupo
4.
Climacteric ; 23(1): 24-31, 2020 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31134822

RESUMO

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of isolated vitamin D (VD) supplementation on the metabolic syndrome (MetS) risk profile in postmenopausal women.Methods: In this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 160 postmenopausal women aged 50-65 years were randomized into two groups: VD group, supplementation with 1000 IU vitamin D3/day (n = 80); or placebo group (n = 80). The intervention time was 9 months, and the women were assessed at baseline and endpoint. Clinical and anthropometric data were collected. Biochemical parameters, including total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, glucose, and insulin, were measured. The plasma concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography.Results: After 9 months, there was a significant increase in the 25(OH)D levels for VD group (+45.4%, p < 0.001), and a decrease (-18.5%, p = 0.049) in the placebo group. In the VD group, a significant reduction was observed in triglycerides (-12.2%, p = 0.001), insulin (-13.7%, p = 0.008), and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (-17.9%, p = 0.007). In the placebo group, there was an increase in glucose (+6.2%, p = 0.009). Analysis of the risk adjusted for age, time since menopause, and body mass index showed that women supplemented with VD had a lower risk of MetS (odds ratio [OR] 0.42; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.21-0.83), hypertriglyceridemia (OR 0.43; 95% CI 0.22-0.85), and hyperglycemia (OR 0.23; 95% CI 0.10-0.52) compared to the placebo group (p < 0.05).Conclusions: In postmenopausal women with VD deficiency, isolated supplementation with 1000 IU vitamin D3 for 9 months was associated with a reduction in the MetS risk profile. Women undergoing VD supplementation had a lower risk of MetS, hypertriglyceridemia, and hyperglycemia.


Assuntos
Síndrome Metabólica/prevenção & controle , Pós-Menopausa , Deficiência de Vitamina D/tratamento farmacológico , Vitamina D/administração & dosagem , Vitaminas/administração & dosagem , Idoso , Biomarcadores/sangue , Suplementos Nutricionais , Feminino , Humanos , Síndrome Metabólica/sangue , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Risco , Vitamina D/análogos & derivados , Vitamina D/sangue
5.
Climacteric ; 22(2): 202-207, 2019 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30624095

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Breast cancer (BC) therapies and the longevity that the women achieve imply a higher cardiovascular risk. The aim of the study was to evaluate the frequency of atherosclerotic disease and its association with cardiovascular risk factors in postmenopausal breast cancer survivors (BCS) compared to postmenopausal women without BC. METHODS: In this study, 96 women with BC (case group) were compared to 192 women without BC (control group), age range 45-75 years. The case group included women with a histological diagnosis of BC, amenorrhea ≥ 12 months, and age ≥ 45 years, without metastatic disease or cardiovascular disease (CVD). The control group consisted of women with amenorrhea ≥ 12 months and age ≥ 45 years, without BC or CVD. Total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein, low-density lipoprotein, triglycerides, glucose, and insulin were measured. Atherosclerotic disease was determined by increased intima-media thickness (thickness > 1.0 mm) of the carotid arteries and/or presence of atheromatous plaques evaluated by carotid duplex ultrasound. RESULTS: The frequency of diabetes and metabolic syndrome were higher in BCS compared to controls (19.8% vs. 6.8% and 54.2% vs. 37.0%, respectively, p < 0.05). There was no difference in subclinical atherosclerosis between groups (BCS 26% vs. controls 18.7%, p = 0.062). However, atheromatous plaques were more frequent in BCS compared to controls (19.8% vs. 9.4%, p = 0.013). In the risk analysis, adjusted for age, time since menopause, and body mass index, BCS had a 2.4-fold higher risk of atheromatous plaques (odds ratio = 2.42; 95% confidence interval 1.18-4.93, p = 0.033) than women without BC. CONCLUSION: Postmenopausal BCS had a higher risk of developing atherosclerotic disease, associated with a higher frequency of cardiovascular risk factors such as metabolic syndrome and diabetes, when compared to women of the same age group without BC.


Assuntos
Aterosclerose/epidemiologia , Neoplasias da Mama/terapia , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Pós-Menopausa , Idoso , Índice de Massa Corporal , Neoplasias da Mama/complicações , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Síndrome Metabólica/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Risco , Sobreviventes
6.
Osteoporos Int ; 29(5): 1125-1133, 2018 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29450585

RESUMO

Vitamin D (VD) plays an important role in bone mineralization. The present study investigates the effect of VD supplementation alone on bone turnover markers in younger postmenopausal women. It has been shown that VD supplementation in postmenopausal women with hypovitaminosis D is associated with a reduction in bone turnover markers. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of VD supplementation alone on bone turnover markers in younger postmenopausal women. METHODS: In this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 160 women were randomized into the VD group (supplementation with 1000 IU of vitamin D3/day, orally; n = 80) or placebo group (n = 80). Women aged 50-65 years with amenorrhea ≥ 12 months and normal bone mineral density were included. The intervention lasted 9 months, and the participants were assessed at the beginning and end of treatment. Serum levels of total calcium, parathormone (PTH), alkaline phosphatase (AP), and 24-h urine calcium were determined. Serum C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (s-CTX) and procollagen type 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP) were measured by immunoassay as markers of bone resorption and formation, respectively. Plasma 25-hydroxyvitamin-D [25(OH)D] concentrations were measured by HPLC. Intention-to-treat analysis was performed using ANOVA, Student's t test, Tukey's test, and gamma distribution. RESULTS: Over the period of 9 months, 25(OH)D concentrations increased from 15.0 ± 7.5 to 27.5 ± 10.4 ng/mL (+ 45.4%) in the VD group and decreased from 16.9 ± 6.7 to 13.8 ± 6.0 ng/mL (- 18.5%) in the placebo group (p < 0.001). There was a decrease (- 21.3%) of PTH levels in the VD group with a significant difference between groups at the end of the study (p < 0.001). No significant differences were observed in the other laboratory parameters (total calcium, AP, and calciuria) in either group (p > 0.05). A comparison of bone turnover markers showed a significant reduction in of s-CTX (- 24.2%, p < .0001) and P1NP (- 13.4%, p = 0.003) levels in the VD group. No significant variations in bone turnover markers were observed in the placebo group (s-CTX, - 6.9%, p = 0.092 and P1NP, - 0.6%, p = 0.918). CONCLUSION: In younger postmenopausal women with VD deficiency, isolated supplementation with 1000 IU of vitamin D3 for 9 months is associated with a reduction in bone turnover markers. However, any between-group differences was not observed in bone turnover markers.


Assuntos
Remodelação Óssea/efeitos dos fármacos , Colecalciferol/farmacologia , Suplementos Nutricionais , Deficiência de Vitamina D/tratamento farmacológico , Idoso , Fosfatase Alcalina/sangue , Biomarcadores/sangue , Remodelação Óssea/fisiologia , Cálcio/metabolismo , Colecalciferol/uso terapêutico , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Hormônio Paratireóideo/sangue , Pós-Menopausa/sangue , Pós-Menopausa/fisiologia , Deficiência de Vitamina D/sangue , Deficiência de Vitamina D/fisiopatologia
7.
Climacteric ; 20(5): 491-497, 2017 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28569124

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate risk factors for low bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal breast cancer survivors compared with postmenopausal women without breast cancer (controls). METHOD: In this study, 112 breast cancer survivors were compared to 224 women (controls). Inclusion criteria were amenorrhea ≥12 months, age 45-75 years, treated for breast cancer, and metastasis-free for at least 5 years. The control group consisted of women without breast cancer, matched by age and menopause status (in a proportion of 1: 2 as sample calculation). The risk factors for low BMD (osteopenia/osteoporosis) were assessed by interview. BMD was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in the lumbar spine (L1-L4) and femoral neck. Logistic regression models (odds ratio, OR) were used to identify factors associated with low BMD. RESULTS: The mean (standard deviation) age of breast cancer survivors was 61.3 (9.7) years, with a mean follow-up of 10.2 (3.9) years. These women had a higher incidence of osteopenia (45.1%) and osteoporosis (22.3%) in the femoral neck than controls (39.3% and 9.0%, respectively) (p = 0.0005). Lumbar spine BMD did not differ between groups (p = 0.332). Univariate analysis adjusted for age and time since menopause revealed that chemotherapy (OR 6.90; 95% confidence interval (CI) 5.57-9.77) was associated with a higher risk of low BMD. Contrarily, regular physical exercise (OR 0.24; 95% CI 0.06-0.98) and a body mass index ≥30 kg/m2 (OR 0.09; 95% CI 0.02-0.37) reduced the risk among breast cancer survivors. CONCLUSION: Postmenopausal breast cancer survivors had a higher incidence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in the femoral neck than women without breast cancer. A history of chemotherapy was a risk factor for low BMD, whereas regular physical activity and high body mass index reduced the risk among breast cancer survivors.


Assuntos
Densidade Óssea , Neoplasias da Mama/fisiopatologia , Pós-Menopausa/fisiologia , Idoso , Antineoplásicos/efeitos adversos , Índice de Massa Corporal , Doenças Ósseas Metabólicas/epidemiologia , Doenças Ósseas Metabólicas/prevenção & controle , Neoplasias da Mama/tratamento farmacológico , Sobreviventes de Câncer , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Exercício Físico , Feminino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Osteoporose Pós-Menopausa/epidemiologia , Osteoporose Pós-Menopausa/prevenção & controle , Fatores de Risco
8.
Osteoporos Int ; 26(10): 2413-21, 2015 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25956283

RESUMO

UNLABELLED: The present study investigates the effects of vitamin D on muscle function in postmenopausal women. It has been shown that vitamin D supplementation in postmenopausal women with hypovitaminosis D provides significant protective factor against sarcopenia, with significant increases in muscle strength and control of progressive loss of lean mass. INTRODUCTION: We aimed to evaluate the effect of supplementation of vitamin D (VITD) alone on muscle function in younger postmenopausal women. METHODS: In this double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 160 Brazilian postmenopausal women were randomized into two groups: VITD group consisting of patients receiving vitamin D3 1000 IU/day orally (n = 80) or placebo group (n = 80). Women with amenorrhea for more than 12 months and age 50-65 years, with a history of falls (previous 12 months), were included. The intervention time was 9 months, with assessments at two points, start and end. Lean mass was estimated by total-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and muscle strength by handgrip strength and chair rising test. The plasma concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Statistical analysis was by intention to treat (ITT), using ANOVA, Student's t test, and Tukey's test. RESULTS: After 9 months, average values of 25(OH)D increased from 15.0 ± 7.5 to 27.5 ± 10.4 ng/ml (+45.4%) in the VITD group and decreased from 16.9 ± 6.7 to 13.8 ± 6.0 ng/ml (-18.5%) in the placebo group (p < 0.001). In the VITD group, there was significant increase in muscle strength (+25.3%) of the lower limbs by chair rising test (p = 0.036). In women in the placebo group, there was considerable loss (-6.8%) in the lean mass (p = 0.030). CONCLUSION: The supplementation of vitamin D alone in postmenopausal women provided significant protective factor against the occurrence of sarcopenia, with significant increases in muscle strength and control of progressive loss of lean mass.


Assuntos
Colecalciferol/farmacologia , Suplementos Nutricionais , Força Muscular/efeitos dos fármacos , Pós-Menopausa/fisiologia , Idoso , Antropometria/métodos , Método Duplo-Cego , Feminino , Força da Mão , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Sarcopenia/fisiopatologia , Sarcopenia/prevenção & controle , Vitamina D/análogos & derivados , Vitamina D/sangue
9.
Climacteric ; 18(2): 290-8, 2015 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25394692

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of diet alone or combined with omega-3 supplementation on metabolic and inflammatory markers in postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome. METHODS: This randomized, controlled trial included 87 Brazilian women (age ≥ 45 years and with amenorrhea ≥ 12 months). Exclusion criteria were: cardiovascular disease, insulin-dependent diabetes, cancer, autoimmune diseases and use of either statins or hormone therapy. Participants were randomized to diet alone (n = 43, control) or diet plus omega-3 supplementation, 900 mg/day orally (n = 44). All women were provided with an individualized dietary prescription. Clinical, anthropometrical (body mass index and waist circumference) and biochemical variables were measured. The inflammatory profile included C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor α and interleukins (IL-1ß and IL-6). The intervention time was 6 months, with assessments at initiation and completion. Data were analyzed according to intention-to-treat, using the independent t-test and ANOVA. RESULTS: There were significant reductions in body mass index and waist circumference in both groups (p < 0.05) without significant changes in body fat or muscle mass. Intervention with diet plus omega-3 was associated with significant reduction in systolic (< 12.2%) and diastolic (< 8.2%) blood pressure, serum triglyceride concentration (< 21.4%), and insulin resistance (< 13.1%) (p < 0.05), as well as a reduction in serum IL-6 concentration (< 28.5%) (p = 0.034). CONCLUSION: In postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome, dietary intervention plus supplementation of omega-3 resulted in a further decrease in triglycerides and blood pressure and also in an improvement in insulin resistance and inflammatory markers, important components of metabolic syndrome.


Assuntos
Biomarcadores/análise , Dieta , Ácidos Graxos Ômega-3/administração & dosagem , Síndrome Metabólica/fisiopatologia , Síndrome Metabólica/terapia , Pressão Sanguínea , Índice de Massa Corporal , Brasil , Proteína C-Reativa/análise , Suplementos Nutricionais , Feminino , Humanos , Resistência à Insulina , Interleucina-1beta/sangue , Interleucina-6/sangue , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fator de Necrose Tumoral alfa/sangue , Circunferência da Cintura
10.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness ; 54(3): 317-25, 2014 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24739294

RESUMO

The present study aimed to determine the importance of resistance training frequency on body composition and metabolics and inflammatory markers in sedentary overweight postmenopausal women (PW). Thirty subjects finished the resistance training-protocol (60% to 80% of 1-RM) and had all the evaluations (anthropometry, strength, food intake and biochemistry) done. Groups were assembled according to the week-frequency of attended sessions (G1-1 day/wk, N.=9; G2-2 days/wk, N.=11 and G3-3 days/wk, N.=10). The strength-training protocol resulted in similar changes on body composition and strength gains in all groups. However, the plasma markers responses differed among groups with G1 showing an increase of both CRP and glucose, with G2 increasing CRP and G3 keeping the baseline values. The results suggest that resistance exercise increases strength and muscle mass independently of the frequency. Moreover, highest resistance training frequency (3 days/week) prevented the rise of plasma glucose and CRP profile after 16 weeks of training in sedentary overweight PW.


Assuntos
Composição Corporal/fisiologia , Treinamento Resistido/métodos , Biomarcadores/sangue , Glicemia/análise , Proteína C-Reativa/metabolismo , Ingestão de Energia , Feminino , Hormônios/sangue , Humanos , Inflamação/sangue , Resistência à Insulina , Lipídeos/sangue , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Força Muscular/fisiologia , Sobrepeso , Pós-Menopausa , Comportamento Sedentário
11.
Climacteric ; 17(4): 465-71, 2014 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24517420

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in postmenopausal women. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried involving 188 women (age ≥ 45 years and amenorrhea ≥ 12 months) attending the outpatient unit in south-eastern Brazil. Exclusion criteria were liver disease (hepatitis B and C, cholestatic disease, liver insufficiency), use of drugs that affect liver metabolism; alcoholics; AIDS or cancer history; and morbid obesity. NAFLD was diagnosed by abdominal ultrasound. Clinical, anthropometric (body mass index, waist circumference) and biochemical variables were measured. RESULTS: Of the 188 women, 73 (38.8%) had NAFLD. Blood pressure, waist circumference, body mass index, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose were significantly higher in NAFLD patients when compared with women without NAFLD (control group) (p < 0.05). HOMA-IR values indicated insulin resistance only in the NAFLD group (6.1 ± 4.6 vs. 2.4 ± 1.4 in control group, p < 0.05). Metabolic syndrome was detected in 93.1% of the women affected by NAFLD, and 46.1% of the control group (p < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, adjusted for age and weight, the variables considered at risk for the development of NAFLD, were: high waist circumference (odds ratio (OR) 1.07, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01-1.13), insulin resistance (OR 3.81, 95% CI 2.01-7.13), and presence of metabolic syndrome (OR 8.68, 95% CI 3.3-24.1). CONCLUSION: NAFLD showed a high prevalence among postmenopausal women. The presence of metabolic syndrome, abdominal obesity and IR were indicators of risk for the development of NAFLD.


Assuntos
Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica , Pós-Menopausa/metabolismo , Glicemia , Índice de Massa Corporal , Brasil/epidemiologia , LDL-Colesterol/sangue , Intervalos de Confiança , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Resistência à Insulina , Síndrome Metabólica/sangue , Síndrome Metabólica/complicações , Síndrome Metabólica/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/diagnóstico , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/epidemiologia , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/etiologia , Razão de Chances , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Triglicerídeos/sangue , Circunferência da Cintura
12.
J Appl Microbiol ; 116(4): 851-64, 2014 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24314121

RESUMO

AIM: Mangroves provide a distinctive ecological environment that differentiates them from other ecosystems. This study deal to evaluate the frequency of microbial groups and the metabolic activities of bacteria and fungi isolated from mangrove, restinga and Atlantic forest soils. METHODS AND RESULTS: Soil samples were collected during the summer and winter at depths of 0-2, 2-5 and 5-10 cm. Except for fungi, the counts of the total, sporulating, Gram-negative, actinomycetes, nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria decreased significantly in the following order: Atlantic forest >mangrove > restinga. The counts of micro-organisms decreased by 11 and 21% from the surface to the 2-5 and 5-10 cm layers, but denitrifying bacteria increased by 44 and 166%, respectively. A larger growth of micro-organisms was verified in the summer compared with the winter, except for actinomycetes and fungi. The average frequency of bacteria isolated from mangrove, restinga and Atlantic forest soils was 95, 77 and 78%, and 93, 90 and 95% for fungi, respectively. Bacteria were amylolytic (33%), producers of acid phosphatase (79%) and solubilizers (18%) of inorganic phosphate. The proportions of fungi were 19, 90 and 27%. CONCLUSION: The mangrove soil studied had higher chemical characteristics than the Atlantic forest, but the high salinity may have restricted the growth of microbial populations. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Estimates of the microbial counts and activities were important to elucidate the differences of mangrove ecosystem from restinga and Atlantic forest.


Assuntos
Ecossistema , Microbiologia do Solo , Actinobacteria/isolamento & purificação , Actinobacteria/metabolismo , Avicennia , Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , Bactérias/metabolismo , Brasil , Fungos/isolamento & purificação , Fungos/metabolismo , Rhizophoraceae , Estações do Ano , Solo/química , Árvores
13.
Climacteric ; 14(2): 220-7, 2011 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20642330

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To assess risk factors associated with low bone mineral density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 412 Brazilian postmenopausal women, aged 40-75 years, with BMD measured using central dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, were included. The clinical risk factors assessed were: age, time since menopause, smoking, physical activity, use of hormone therapy (HT) or corticosteroids, personal fracture history, maternal history of fracture, and body mass index (BMI, weight/height(2)). Low BMD was considered when total spine and/or femoral neck T-score values were ≤ -2.0 standard deviations. Logistic regression was used to determine the odds ratio (OR) for low BMD in the presence of the influential variables analyzed. RESULTS: Low BMD, which occurred in 36.6% (151/412) of the participants, was observed in 22.4% of women aged 40-49 years, in 34.2% of those aged 50-59 years, and in 60.5% of those > 60 years (p < 0.001). Similarly, low BMD was observed in 21.9% of women with menopause duration ≤ 5 years, in 39.5% with a duration of 6-10 years, and in 57.7% with menopause duration of > 10 years (p < 0.001). Seventy percent of women with BMI < 20 kg/m(2) were osteopenic/osteoporotic (p < 0.001). The percentage of HT users was 37.4%; 27.7% took regular physical activity and 24.5% were smokers. The risk for low BMD detection increased significantly with age (OR 1.08; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-1.14), time since menopause (OR 1.12; 95% CI 1.04-1.20), smoking (OR 3.43; 95% CI 1.67-6.96), fracture history (OR 2.05; 95% CI 1.11-3.78), and maternal history of fracture (OR 2.16; 95% CI 1.14-4.09). Physical activity, diet, corticotherapy and thyropathies did not influence risk. Contrarily, use of HT (OR 0.38; 95% CI 0.24-0.60) and high BMI (OR 0.89; 95% CI 0.84-0.96) reduced risk (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: In postmenopausal women, age, time since menopause, smoking, and personal or maternal history of fracture were strong clinical indicators of risk for low BMD, whereas the use of hormone therapy and high BMI were shown to be protective factors.


Assuntos
Densidade Óssea/fisiologia , Osteoporose Pós-Menopausa/etiologia , Pós-Menopausa/fisiologia , Absorciometria de Fóton , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Brasil , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Osteoporose Pós-Menopausa/genética , Fatores de Risco , Fumar/efeitos adversos
14.
Rev Sci Tech ; 29(3): 655-62, 2010 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21309463

RESUMO

An outbreak of peste des petits ruminants (PPR) was recorded in Kalubia province, Egypt in 2006, affecting a large population of migratory goats and sheep over a huge geographical area. Epidemiological, clinical and laboratory investigations were performed. Diseased animals showed pyrexia, erosive stomatitis, enteritis and bronchopneumonia. Clinical manifestations were more severe in goats. The overall morbidity, cumulative mortality and case fatality rates were 26.1%, 10.5% and 40.2%, respectively, and were significantly higher in young animals. Post-mortem examination showed emaciation, congested mucous membranes, lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, haemorrhagic necrosis of the abomasal and intestinal mucosa, pleurisy and lung consolidation. Forty oculonasal swabs and 243 serum samples from diseased animals were tested for PPR antigen and antibodies using immunocapture and competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), respectively. PPR antigen was detected in 30/40 (75%) of the swabs. PPR virus was identified in inoculated Vero cells using immunocapture ELISA and fluorescent antibody technique (FAT); 33/40 (82.5%) and 36/40 (90%) samples were positive, respectively. Of 243 sera, 154 (63.4%) contained PPR antibodies. Circulation of PPR among the migratory sheep and goat flocks was demonstrated. Strict serosurveillance and monitoring of PPR with vaccination of migratory flocks at borders is required for effective control of the disease.


Assuntos
Surtos de Doenças/veterinária , Doenças das Cabras/epidemiologia , Peste dos Pequenos Ruminantes/veterinária , Doenças dos Ovinos/epidemiologia , Migração Animal , Animais , Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Antígenos Virais/análise , Chlorocebus aethiops , Egito/epidemiologia , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática/veterinária , Olho/virologia , Imunofluorescência/veterinária , Doenças das Cabras/virologia , Cabras , Morbidade , Mucosa Nasal/virologia , Peste dos Pequenos Ruminantes/epidemiologia , Vírus da Peste dos Pequenos Ruminantes/imunologia , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Ovinos , Doenças dos Ovinos/virologia , Células Vero
15.
Climacteric ; 12(5): 431-8, 2009 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19415539

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its associated risk factors in Brazilian postmenopausal women. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 368 postmenopausal women, aged 40-- 75 years, seeking health care at a public outpatient center in Southeastern Brazil, were included. According to the US National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) guidelines, MetS was diagnosed in subjects with three or more of the following: waist circumference > or =88 cm, blood pressure > or =130/85 mmHg, triglycerides > or =150 mg/dl, high density lipoprotein cholesterol <50 mg/dl and glucose > or =110 mg/dl. Data on past medical history, tobacco use, anthropometric indicators, and values of C-reactive protein (CRP) were collected. Multivariate analysis, using a logistic regression model (odds ratio, OR) was used to evaluate the influence of various simultaneous MetS risk factors. RESULTS: The prevalence of having at least three, four and five MetS diagnostic criteria were met in 39.6%, 16.8% and 3.8% of the cases, respectively. The most prevalent risk factor was abdominal obesity, affecting 62.5% of women. The risk of MetS increased with a personal history of diabetes (OR 5.95, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.82-12.54), hypertension (OR 4.52, 95% CI 2.89-7.08), cardiovascular disease (OR 2.16, 95% CI 1.18-3.94) and high CRP (>1 mg/dl) (OR 3.35, 95% CI 1.65-6.79). Plasma CRP levels increased with the number of MetS components present. Age, time since menopause and smoking had no influence, while hormone therapy reduced MetS risk (OR 0.64, 95% CI 0.42-0.97). CONCLUSION: Metabolic syndrome was highly prevalent among Brazilian postmenopausal women seeking gynecologic health care. Abdominal obesity, diabetes, hypertension and high CRP were strong MetS predictors and hormone therapy appeared to play a protective role for this condition.


Assuntos
Síndrome Metabólica/diagnóstico , Pós-Menopausa , Adulto , Idoso , Glicemia/análise , Pressão Sanguínea , Índice de Massa Corporal , Brasil/epidemiologia , Proteína C-Reativa/análise , HDL-Colesterol/sangue , Estudos Transversais , Complicações do Diabetes , Feminino , Humanos , Hipertensão/complicações , Síndrome Metabólica/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade Abdominal/complicações , Fatores de Risco , Triglicerídeos/sangue , Circunferência da Cintura
16.
Microbiol Res ; 160(2): 197-202, 2005.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15881837

RESUMO

The influence of different media and incubation temperatures on the quantification of microbial populations in sorghum, eucalyptus and forest soils was evaluated. Microbial growth was compared by using complex (tryptone soybean agar, TSA, casein-starch, CS, and Martin) and saline (Thorton, M3, Czapeck) media and incubation temperatures of 25 and 30 degrees C. Higher numbers of total bacterial and fungal colony-forming units (CFU) were observed in sorghum soils, and of spore-forming and Gram-negative bacteria in forest soils than other soils. Actinomycetes counts were highest in forest soil when using CS medium at 30 degrees C and in sorghum soil at 25 degrees C in M3 medium. Microorganism counts were dependent on the media and incubation temperatures. The counts at temperatures of 30 degrees C were significantly higher than at 25 degrees C. Microbial quantification was best when using TSA medium for total and spore-forming bacteria, Thorton for Gram-negative bacteria, M3 for actinomycetes, and Martin for fungi.


Assuntos
Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , Meios de Cultura , Fungos/isolamento & purificação , Microbiologia do Solo , Temperatura , Bactérias/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Técnicas Bacteriológicas , Contagem de Colônia Microbiana , Eucalyptus/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Fungos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Solo/análise , Sorghum/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Esporos Bacterianos/fisiologia , Árvores , Clima Tropical
17.
Bioresour Technol ; 94(2): 159-67, 2004 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15158508

RESUMO

The possibility of using yeast from alcohol distilleries as a source of nutrients in soil was investigated. The following treatments were used: no fertilization (control), 0.5% (w/w) yeast, 1% (w/w) yeast, and NPK. The decomposition of yeast was monitored for 90 days in two soils. The CO2 production and the microbial biomass were increased by an average of 1- to 3-fold by yeast incorporation compared to control. Protease activity also was enhanced 3- to 8-fold in the soils supplemented with yeast compared to control. The phosphatase activities were higher than control only during the first days. While nitrate contents increased in all treatments compared to control, available P only increased in the soils amended with 1% yeast or NPK by 45-119% and 309-489%, respectively. These results indicate that there exists an excellent potential for the use of yeast in the soil as a source of nitrate and available P for plant nutrition.


Assuntos
Carbono/metabolismo , Nitrogênio/metabolismo , Fósforo/metabolismo , Microbiologia do Solo , Leveduras/metabolismo , Análise de Variância , Biomassa , Dióxido de Carbono/metabolismo , Endopeptidases/metabolismo , Tamanho da Partícula , Monoéster Fosfórico Hidrolases/metabolismo , Fatores de Tempo
18.
Gynecol Endocrinol ; 17(2): 125-31, 2003 Apr.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12737673

RESUMO

The aim of this prospective study was to assess ovarian function using clinical and endocrine parameters in women of reproductive age who underwent total abdominal hysterectomy. Sixty-one women, aged 40 mIU/ml, estradiol of < 20 pg/ml and inhibin B of < 5 ng/ml, compatible with ovarian failure. In the control group, all the parameters studied remained unchanged. These results suggest that total abdominal hysterectomy accelerates the decline in ovarian function in women of reproductive age.


Assuntos
Histerectomia , Inibinas/sangue , Ovário/fisiologia , Adulto , Análise de Variância , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Estradiol/sangue , Feminino , Hormônio Foliculoestimulante/sangue , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Hormônio Luteinizante/sangue , Estudos Prospectivos
19.
Eur J Gynaecol Oncol ; 20(3): 191-4, 1999.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10410883

RESUMO

We report the occurrence of aggressive vulvar carcinoma associated with condyloma acuminata in three patients under 33 years old. Discussion of the role of the human papilloma virus (HPV) in the development of vulvar cancer is also presented. Three patients with condyloma associated with aggressive vulvar squamous cell carcinoma, in situ (1 case) and invasive (2 cases), documented by biopsy and/or vulvectomy are presented. In situ hybridization (ISH) was used to characterize the subtypes of HPV. One patient with erythematous systemic lupus developed in situ carcinoma after 5 years. The other two cases also developed aggressive multicentric, invasive squamous cell carcinoma after 10 years of diagnosis of condyloma. In all cases HPV cytological abnormalities were seen throughout the pathological examination. HPV 16 and 18 were present in cells of invasive squamous cell carcinoma in cases 2 and 3. HPV 6 and 11 were detected only in the condyloma area in case 2. HPV 30 was seen only in the condyloma area in case 3. This report emphasizes the need for biopsies of all unusually persistent or treatment-resistant condylomas, particularly in young and/or immunosuppressed patients.


Assuntos
Condiloma Acuminado/complicações , Neoplasias Vulvares/etiologia , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Hibridização In Situ , Papillomaviridae/classificação
20.
World J Microbiol Biotechnol ; 12(6): 567-72, 1996 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24415416

RESUMO

Forty two soil isolates (31 bacteria and 11 fungi) were studied for their ability to solubilize rock phosphate and calcium phosphate in culture medium. Eight bacteria and 8 fungi possessed solubilizing ability. Pseudomonas cepacia and Penicillium purpurogenum showed the highest activity. There was a correlation between final pH value and titratable acidity (r=-0.29 to -0.87) and between titratable acidity and soluble phosphate (r=0.22 to 0.99). Correlation values were functions of insoluble phosphate and of the group of microorganisms considered. A high correlation was observed between final pH and soluble phosphate only for the rock phosphates inoculated with the highest concentration of solubilizing bacteria (r=-0.73 to -0.98).

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