[The role of dietary diversity in the formation of syndrome intestinal bacterial overgrowth].

Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is a widespread disease characterized by a significant decrease of the quality of life. Antibiotic treatment of SIBO is usually effective, however, the recurrence rate is high. Microbiota is dependent on dietary pattern of the patient and specific nutrients, therefore the diversity of dietary patterns may be one of the major factor promoting SIBO or its relapses after treatment. The aim of the study was to compare nutritional diversity in patients with SIBО-H2 and in healthy controls. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Оne thousand twenty three patients with suspected SIBО were examined. Hydrogen-methane breath test with lactulose was performed in 973 patients, the results of which identified groups with SIBO-H2 (n=522), with SIBO-CH4 (n=340) and without signs of SIBO (n=108). Data on food intake was collected with 24 h recall from all participants. Dietary diversity was assessed using method of calculation of unique values (count base diversity) for 11 groups of food: cereals, meat and eggs, fish and non-fish seafood, fat containing products, dairy products, nuts, vegetables, fruits and berries, confectionery, drinks, sauces and spices. The pattern of food diversity for each patient was obtained by counting the items in each of the studied food groups. Comparison of the mean values of the number of items in each of the studied food groups was used to compare food diversity in patients with and without SIBО-H2. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: A comparison of nutritional diversity in patients with SIBO-H2 revealed a lower count base diversity in the groups of dairy products (2.70±1.37 vs 3.19±1.34, p<0.001), vegetables (5.50±2.22 vs 6.29±1.90, p<0.001), fruits (1.54± 1.38 vs 1.99±1.69, p=0.018) in compare with controls. Count base diversity in grains, meats, fishes, fat products, nuts and legumes and sweets did not demonstrate significant differences. CONCLUSION: Significant differences in the diversity of dietary patterns in patients with SIBО were found in dairy products, vegetables and fruits and berries. The obtained data may be used to develop diet for SIBO patients additionally to the treatment and prevention of its relapses.

[Features of nutrition pattern of patients with small intestinal bacterial overgrowth resistant to therapy].

Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO) is a widespread disease characterized by a significant decrease in the quality of life. Antibiotic treatment with SIBO is not effective enough and the recurrence rate is high. Long-term dietary patterns can shift the composition of the microbiota. The aim of the study was to compare the pattern of nutrition of patients with SIBО, resistant to therapy and cured patients. Materials and methods. SIBO H2 has been identified in 458 patients using hydrogenmethane breath test with lactulose, and therapy with intestinal antiseptics and control breath test after 2 months was prescribed. 24 hour recalls or three-day food records were collected from all participants. The photographs were used to estimate the size of the portions eaten. According to food composition and portion all dishes in food diary were converted into constituent products by food groups, which were summed by weight per day and compared with the norms of consumption of the pyramid of healthy nutrition for a given caloric intake. The study compared dietary patterns of patients with resistance to the therapy of SIBO and those who had successful therapy. Results and discussion. Control of the hydrogen content in the exhaled air was performed only in 79 re-appeared patients, 38 (48.9%) of them in 2 months after therapy revealed the presence of SIBO H2>20 ppm. A comparison of the nutrition of these patients showed that patients resistant to therapy had higher consumption of buckwheat (0.41±0.47 vs 0.14±0.35 relative to the rate of consumption of cereals, p<0.001) and millet (0.036±0.11 vs 0.007±0.021, p=0.047), poultry meat (0.80±0.64 vs 0.54±0.62, p=0.01) and butter (0.54±0.24 vs 0.39±0.22, p<0.01). The diet of patients with resistant to SIBO therapy was also сharacterized by a lower consumption of mono- and disaccharides (75.2±32.7 vs 95.5±41.5 g/day; p=0.015) and cottage cheese (0.07±0.08 vs 0.17±0.19, p=0.018). Consumption of fruits and vegetables did not have significant differences. Conclusion. Treatment is ineffective in roughly half the patients with SIBO H2. According to the results of the study, significant differences in the nutrition pattern of patients resistant to SIBO therapy with respect to the consumption of cereals, poultry, butter, added sugars and cottage cheese were established. The obtained data may be used to develop dietetic maintenance of SIBO therapy and prevention of its relapses.

[Oxadin effect on actinomycetes strains]. / Issledovanie deistviia oksadina na aktinomitsetnye shtammy.

The results of research show that oxadin has mutagenous effect on the tested actinomyces strains, in particular on Streptomyces albus--producer of the polyether antibiotic salinomycin. The colonies grown up after spores treatment with oxadin, have been tested for auxotrophy, morphological mutations and biosynthesis of the antibiotic salinomycin. Treatment of Streptomyces albus strain with 10% oxadin for 10 or 20 min provided the isolation of highly active strains. Dispersion analysis data revealed statistically significant differences between the control (non treated) and the oxadin-treated Streptomyces albus populations.

[Plasmid pSE21 of Streptomyces erythraeus strains]. / Plazmida pSE21 shtamma Streptomyces erythraeus.

Crossing of S. erythraeus 4, a laboratory strain (NRRL 2338) containing a family of plasmids with S. erythraeus 1, a plasmid-free strain resulted in formation of strain 6. A multi-copy plasmid pSE21 11.5 kb in length was isolated from S. erythraeus 6. A detailed restriction map of plasmid pSE21 was constructed. Its cloning to E. coli YM83 on vector pUC19 showed that plasmid pSE21 was not stable in E. coli. It was found that the status of plasmid pSE21 changed in relation to the physiological state of S. erythraeus 6. Southern hybridization of the plasmid pSE21 DNA with the total DNA of the cultures of S. erythraeus 1 maintained for various periods at 4 degrees C demonstrated that plasmid pSE21 was present in S. erythraeus 1 in an autonomous state in 0.1 to 0.2 copies per genome. The number of the plasmid pSE21 copies could be decreased. The chromosomal DNA of S. erythraeus 1 contained the DNA sequences highly homologous to those of plasmid pSE21. It was assumed that during the crossing of S. erythraeus 4 with S. erythraeus 1 the genetic element from the donor strain was transferred to the recipient strain which in some way changed the plasmid pSE21 status and imparted the multicopy pattern to it. Further investigation of the plasmid pSE21 properties and construction of a vector for S. erythraeus on the plasmid basis are under way.

[Some epidemiological and clinical-etiological studies on children with lingua nigra villosa]. / Niakoi epidemiologichii i kliniko-etiolog ichni izsledvaniia na detsa s lingua nigra villosa.

Some epidemiological and clinical-etiological studies are reported about the incidence of lingua nigra villosa (black hairy tongue) among 3334 children aged from 2 months to 14. It has been very convincingly established that the disease occurred in children administered antibiotics for the treatment of a primary disease. Some new data are presented about the clinical pathology of glossitis on the base of clinical, paraclinical, microbiological and virological studies and reliable possibilities of affecting by nistatin-prednisolone emulsion (NAP).

[Electroencephalographic analysis of the central action of benzonal]. / Elektroéntsefalograficheskii analiz tsentral'nogo deistviia benzonala.

Chronic experiments on conscious rabbits demonstrated that benzonal suppresses the spontaneous bioelectrical activity of the motor division of the cortex of large hemispheres while failing to affect the spontaneous biorhythms of the nonspecific nuclei of the thalamus, caudate nucleus, dorsal hippocamp and the basolateral nuclei of the tonsil. The drug decreased the electroexcitability of the motor cortex and caudate nucleus, exerted a mild depressant action on the reticular formation of the midbrain, tonsil, and hippocamp and had no effect on the excitability of nonspecific nuclei of the thalamus.

[Effect of lithium chloride on the excitability of the subcortical structures of the rabbit brain]. / Vliianie khlorida litiia na vozbudimost' nekotorykh podkorkovykh struktur mozga krolika.

Lithium chloride microinjections in doses of 100 mkg/mkl into the brain structures of rabbits produce a depressive effect on the subcortical formations. The drug brings down the excitability of the hippocampus, caudate nucleus, mesencephalic reticular formations, thalamus and hypothalamus, raising the excitability of the amygdalae.