RESUMO
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders in women of reproductive age, and it is a multifactorial polygenic disorder with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations. Although pathogenesis is still unclear, androgen receptor (AR) gene polymorphism may be one of the etiologic factors of PCOS. AR gene polymorphism has been also associated with other forms of androgen pattern diseases. We report a PCOS woman with heterozygous AR gene mutation who gave birth to a baby with andorgen insensitivity syndrome.
RESUMO
PURPOSE: The degree of external rotation produced by the gap technique in total knee arthroplasties (TKA) was measured and compared with other methods. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-nine TKA patients (52 cases) were enrolled in this study. The transepicondylar axis (TEA) and the perpendicular line to the anteroposterior axis (APA) were drawn on the images of the computerized tomographs (CT). After resecting the posterior condyles using the gap technique, the maximal depths of the resected fragments were measured, and the resected lines (RL) were drawn on the same CT images. The differences in the angles between the RLs and the TEAs, the perpendicular lines to the APAs, and the lines that were externally rotated 3o from the posterior condylar axes, were evaluated. RESULTS: The posterior condylar axes formed 5.1+/-2.5 degrees angles with the RLs, 5.3+/-1.6 degrees angles with the TEAs, and 4.5+/-2.1 degrees angles with the lines that were perpendicular to the APAs. The RLs showed similar TEAs, and the APAs (0.2+/-2.6 degrees and 0.6+/-3.0 degrees, respectively). However, the lines of 3 degrees external rotation (2.1+/-2.5 degrees) were significantly different. CONCLUSION: A more ideal flexion gap could be obtained with the TEAs compared with other methods. However, resections of the posterior condyles using the gap technique might be more effective than with the TEAs due to the individual variations and errors in obtaining symmetric flexion gaps with this value.
