[[Influence of Nutrition Nature on Acid-Base Balance in the Mouth and the Risk of Dental Diseases].]

The aim was to investigate the acid-base balance in the mouth and assess the risk of dental disease in practically healthy persons depending on the habitual diet. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study involved 162 people, divided into three groups: with a mixed diet, with protein foods of animal origin and vegetarians. There were studied the pH value of oral fluid, dental, lingual plaque at stimulation with sucrose and urea. RESULTS: In individuals, characterized by the habitual diet, there are statistically significant persistent changes in acid-base balance in the mouth, which provoke an increased risk of developing dental diseases. At normal mixed diet there is moving the acid-base balance towards weak acidosis that in the presence of other predisposing factors can lead to the risk of devel- opment of dental caries. There is a displacement of acid-base balance in the oral cavity to the alkaline side in case the long predominant consumption of protein foods of animal origin, that is dangerous in terms of formation of hard dental deposits and consequently of the development of inflammatory periodontal diseases. In vegetarians, there is a persistent shift of acid-alkaline balance in the mouth in the direction of acidosis, which is a risk factor for development of dental caries.

[Impairment of oral cavity acid-base balance in patients with concomitant somatic diseases].

Acid-basic balance (ABB) is the important element that supports local homeostasis in oral cavity (OC). However dentists usually do not take into account ABB in OC thus reducing the efficiency of dental care and treatment of mucous membrane disorders in these patients. The purpose of the research was to estimate the ABB values in OC in patients having chronic general somatic diseases. The ABB in OC in 80 healthy persons and in 289 persons with ulcer disease, chronic kidneys insufficiency or insulin-dependent diabetes aged 35-44 years was assessed. The speed of no stimulus salivation, рН of oral and gingival liquids as well as amplitude tests (saccharose and carbamide) curves рН were evaluated. Patients with a somatic pathology have an impairment of OC ABB regulation system associated with changes of acid- and ammonia-producing microflora activity, topographical redistribution of functional acidosis and alkalosis zones. Correction of the revealed impairments is necessary to increase the efficiency of dental care and preventive treatment in these groups of patients.

[Sugar of substitute stevioside in chewing gum: comparative double blind controllable study].

In double blind controllable study on 126 volunteers - students of medical academy - influence on рН the mixed saliva of 5 kinds of chewing gums with the different contents of substitute of sugar as xylitol and sorbitol, and also the chewing sweets R.O.C.S., two kinds of chewing gums containing a basis with substitute of sugar stevioside (1.25 and 2.5%) and placebo (a basis without additives) were investigated. Products chewed within 10 minutes. In one of groups surveyed such chewing was preceded with rinsing a mouth by a test solution of saccharose. рН determined within 30 minutes. At chewing gums with substitute of sugar displacement рН the mixed saliva in the alkaline side was revealed a different degree. Thus gums with stevioside did not concede and even surpassed in this action of chewing gums with other substitutes of sugar. In comparison with placebo chewing gums and sweets restored acid-alkaline balance of oral cavities faster. Hence, use of stevioside in structure of chewing gum allows at preservation of its positive actions in oral cavity essentially to reduce concentration substitute of sugar and, hence, its collateral action by an organism.

[Integrated evaluation of chewing gums and candies influence in oral cavity].

In a blind study on 210 medical students during 3 months the influence of 5 types of chewing gums with sugar substitutes (Orbit, Dirol, Stimorol) and 1 type of candy with sucrose upon saliva properties, saliva flow and oral microflora activity were examined. Flow rate of saliva, its pH (mixed saliva), influence upon test sugar and carbamide pH curves, concentrations of carbamide, Ca and phosphate in saliva were determined. It is shown than frequent and prolong use of chewing gums reduced stimulated and unstimulated saliva flow. Frequent use of chewing gums with carbamide provoked increased activity of ureapositive oral microflora. Degree of alkaline changes of mixed saliva pH in case of 3-month use of chewing gums Orbit and Stimorol pro Z was reduced. Chewing gums had weak hygienic efficacy.

[The effect of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine, liposomes with L-DOPA and "empty" liposomes on the phospholipid composition of the murine liver]. / Vliianie 1-metil-4-fenil-1,2,3,6-tetragidropiridina, liposom s L-DOFA i "pustykh" liposom na fosfolipidnyi sostav pecheni myshei.

The effect on the liver phospholipid composition of 1-methyl-4-phenyl -1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP) and liposomes containing L-DOPA and those devoid of it was studied in experiments on C57B1/6 mice. The content of separate phospholipid fractions was expressed in percentage of lipid phosphorus, in nmol lipid phosphorus per 1 mg tissue, and in nmol lipid phosphorus per 1 mg protein. It was found that the content of phosphatidylinositide and phosphatidylethanolamine changed under the effect of MPTP. Injection of liposomes stabilized the level of these phospholipids. The concentration of phosphatidylethanolamine was not restored in animals injected liposomes devoid of L-DOPA. The main changes occurring under the effect of liposomes took place in the sphyngomyelin and phosphatidylcholine fractions.