RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: to analyze the epidemiological profile, spatial and temporal distribution of tuberculosis in Guinea-Bissau from 2018 to 2020. METHODS: an ecological study, carried out in Guinea-Bissau, considering new cases of tuberculosis. Spatial analysis of areas was used to verify tuberculosis distribution in the country, and time series were used to identify incidence evolution over the years of study. RESULTS: a total of 6,840 new cases of tuberculosis were reported. Tuberculosis incidence rate in the country ranged from 36.8 to 267.7 cases/100,000 inhabitants, with emphasis on the regions of Bissau and Biombo (over 90 cases/100,000). By using time series, it was possible to observe an increase in case incidence over the years of study. CONCLUSIONS: the study made it possible to identify the epidemiological profile of tuberculosis in Guinea-Bissau, spatial distribution heterogeneity, in addition to identifying the disease evolution over the years of investigation.
Assuntos
Tuberculose , Humanos , Guiné-Bissau/epidemiologia , Incidência , Tuberculose/epidemiologiaRESUMO
ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the epidemiological profile, spatial and temporal distribution of tuberculosis in Guinea-Bissau from 2018 to 2020. Methods: an ecological study, carried out in Guinea-Bissau, considering new cases of tuberculosis. Spatial analysis of areas was used to verify tuberculosis distribution in the country, and time series were used to identify incidence evolution over the years of study. Results: a total of 6,840 new cases of tuberculosis were reported. Tuberculosis incidence rate in the country ranged from 36.8 to 267.7 cases/100,000 inhabitants, with emphasis on the regions of Bissau and Biombo (over 90 cases/100,000). By using time series, it was possible to observe an increase in case incidence over the years of study. Conclusions: the study made it possible to identify the epidemiological profile of tuberculosis in Guinea-Bissau, spatial distribution heterogeneity, in addition to identifying the disease evolution over the years of investigation.
RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar el perfil epidemiológico, distribución espacial y temporal de la tuberculosis en Guinea-Bissau, de 2018 a 2020. Métodos: estudio ecológico, realizado en Guinea-Bissau, considerando nuevos casos de tuberculosis. Se utilizó análisis espacial de áreas para verificar la distribución de la tuberculosis en el país y series de tiempo para identificar la evolución de la incidencia a lo largo de los años de estudio. Resultados: se notificaron 6.840 nuevos casos de tuberculosis. La tasa de incidencia de tuberculosis en el país varió de 36,8 a 267,7 casos/100.000 habitantes, con énfasis en las regiones de Bissau y Biombo (más de 90 casos/100.000). Con el uso de series de tiempo, fue posible observar un aumento en la incidencia de casos a lo largo de los años del estudio. Conclusiones: el estudio permitió identificar el perfil epidemiológico de la tuberculosis en Guinea-Bissau, la heterogeneidad de la distribución espacial, además de identificar la evolución de la enfermedad a lo largo de los años de investigación.
RESUMO Objetivo: analisar o perfil epidemiológico, a distribuição espacial e temporal da tuberculose em Guiné-Bissau, no período de 2018 a 2020. Métodos: estudo ecológico, realizado em Guiné-Bissau, considerando os casos novos de tuberculose. Empregaram-se análise espacial de áreas, para verificar a distribuição da tuberculose no país, e séries temporais, para identificar a evolução da incidência ao longo dos anos de estudo. Resultados: foram notificados 6.840 casos novos de tuberculose. A taxa de incidência da tuberculose no país variou de 36,8 a 267,7 casos/100.000 habitantes, com destaque para as regiões de Bissau e Biombo (superior a 90 casos/100.000). Com o uso de séries temporais, foi possível observar um aumento na incidência dos casos ao longo dos anos do estudo. Conclusões: o estudo permitiu identificar o perfil epidemiológico da tuberculose em Guiné-Bissau, a heterogeneidade da distribuição espacial, além de identificar a evolução da doença ao logo dos anos de investigação.
RESUMO
Tuberculosis (TB) in children presents specificities in its diagnosis, which makes it prone to underreporting: therefore, the disease in this group is still a serious public health problem in several countries. We aimed to analyze the spatial distribution and temporal trend of childhood TB in Brazil. An ecological study with time series, spatial analysis, and description of cases in Brazil between 2010-2021 was conducted. A total of 1,054,263 TB cases were reported in the period, with 30,001 (2.8%) in children. The yearly average was 2,500 cases, with a trend toward an increase in the incidence rate in 2018 and 2019 and a decline in 2020. Children under 5 years old represented 38.2% of cases, 5.2% were indigenous, and 424 children (1.4%) died. Sputum culture was performed for 18.4% of pulmonary TB. The incidence rates were higher in municipalities in the north and midwest regions, with high occurrence locations (hot spots), especially on borders with other countries. There was a reduction in childhood TB in 2020, possibly related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Strategies are needed for the identification and monitoring of childhood TB, with reinforcement of professional training for assistance and control, especially in the most vulnerable locations and groups.
RESUMO
Objetivo: analisar a morbimortalidade dos casos de tuberculose no Município de Maceió no período de 1999 a 2012. Método: estudo ecológico realizado com dados oriundos do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (SINAN) e do Sistema de Informação de Mortalidade (SIM), de 1999 a 2012. Resultados: foram notificados no período em Maceió 8.297 novos casos de tuberculose e 806 óbitos decorrentes desta doença. Observou-se que no primeiro ano avaliado o município apresentou a taxa de incidência de 62,4 para cada 100.000 habitantes, e no último ano estudado 51,90 por 100.000 habitantes. Quanto ao indicador de mortalidade específica os dados apresentam em 1999, a taxa de mortalidade de 9,6 e no último ano avaliado 4,3. A incidência dessa doença está em nível elevado. Conclusão: a forma mais eficaz de combater a tuberculose é pela busca ativa dos sintomáticos respiratórios, vigilância epidemiológica dos contatos e o tratamento adequado dos casos.(AU)
Objective: analyzing the morbidity and mortality of tuberculosis cases in the city of Maceio from 1999 to 2012. Method: an ecological study with data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN), Mortality Information System (SIM), from 1999 to 2012. Results: there were reported in the period in Maceio 8.297 new TB cases and 806 deaths from this disease. It was observed that in the first year the city had assessed the incidence rate of 62,4 per 100.000 inhabitants, and in the last year studied 51,90 per 100.000 inhabitants. Regarding the indicator specific mortality data presented in 1999, the mortality rate of 9,6 and 4,3 in the last year evaluated. The incidence of this disease is high. Conclusion: The most effective way to fight TB is the active search for respiratory symptoms, epidemiological surveillance of contacts and the proper treatment of cases.(AU)
Objetivo: analizar la morbilidad y la mortalidad de los casos de tuberculosis en la ciudad de Maceió, de 1999 a 2012. Método: es un estudio ecológico de los datos del Sistema de Información de Agravamientos de Notificación (SINAN) y del Sistema de Información sobre Mortalidad (SIM), 1999 a 2012. Resultados: se registraron en el período en Maceio 8.297 nuevos casos de tuberculosis y 806 muertes por esta enfermedad. Se observó que en el primer año la ciudad se había evaluado la tasa de incidencia de 62,4 por 100.000 habitantes, y en el último año estudiado 51,90 por cada 100.000 habitantes. En cuanto a los datos de mortalidad de indicadores específicos presentados en el año 1999, la tasa de mortalidad de 9,6 y 4,3 en el último año evaluado. La incidencia de esta enfermedad es alta. Conclusión: la manera más eficaz para luchar contra la tuberculosis es la búsqueda activa de sintomáticos respiratorios, la vigilancia epidemiológica de los contactos y el tratamiento adecuado de los casos.(AU)
