A Collective Intelligence Platform to Support Older Cancer Survivors: Towards the Definition of LifeChamps System and Big Data Reference Architecture.

Within the most recent years, most of the cancer patients are older age, which implies the necessity to a better understanding of aging and cancer connection. This work presents the LifeChamps solution built on top of cutting-edge Big Data architecture and HPC infrastructure concepts. An innovative architecture was envisioned supported by the Big Data Value Reference Model and answering the system requirements from high to low level and from logical to physical perspective, following the "4+1 architectural model".

Early cardiovascular sympathetic reflex activation is independent of occlusion time during reactive hyperemia / La activación temprana del reflejo simpático cardiovascular es independiente del tiempo de oclusión durante la hiperemia reactiva / A ativação precoce do reflexo simpático cardiovascular é independente do tempo de oclusão durante a hiperemia reativa

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of occlusion time in dynamic changes of autonomic activation during reactive hyperemia. Methods: Healthy subjects (n = 30) in the age range of 18­25 years participated in this study. Vascular reactivity was assessed by measuring the dynamic changes in finger pulse volume amplitude (PVA) and  pulse transit time relative to the RR intervals in the test (occluded arm) and control arm (contralateral non-occluded arm) during 1, 3 and 5 minute of occlusion using two separate Photoplethysmographic sensors. Heart Rate Variability was computed from a simultaneously acquired ECG signal to monitor the dynamic changes in cardiac autonomic nervous activity. Time-varying analysis of all signals were shown every 1 second in average response graphs. Results: Time-varying analysis of vascular and autonomic response during reactive hyperemia demonstrated the presence of a characteristic response pattern with an increase in the Sympathetic index and a decrease in Parasympathetic index at 8 to 10 seconds, an increase in heart rate at 20 seconds and a progressive increase in PVA during the first 60 seconds after occlusion regardless of the time spent in the procedure. Moreover, a decrease in pulse transits time relative to RR intervals,  followed by an increase regardless of the occlusion time was evidenced.  Conclusions: Early cardiovascular sympathetic activation is independent of occlusion time during reactive hyperemia, which suggests this is a vascular autonomic reflex response involved in the generation of the physiological phenomenon of reactive hyperemia.

Objetivo: El objetivo del presente estudio fue investigar el papel del tiempo de oclusión en los cambios dinámicos de la activación autónoma durante la hiperemia reactiva.Métodos: Participaron en este estudio sujetos sanos (n = 30) en el rango de edad de 18 a 25 años. La reactividad vascular se evaluó midiendo los cambios dinámicos en la amplitud del volumen del pulso del dedo (PVA) y el tiempo de tránsito del pulso en relación con los intervalos RR en la prueba (brazo ocluido) y el brazo de control (brazo contralateral no ocluido) durante 1, 3 y 5 minutos. de oclusión utilizando dos sensores fotopletismográficos separados. La variabilidad de la frecuencia cardíaca se calculó a partir de una señal de ECG adquirida simultáneamente para controlar los cambios dinámicos en la actividad nerviosa autónoma cardíaca. El análisis variable en el tiempo de todas las señales se mostró cada segundo en gráficos de respuesta promedio.Resultados: El análisis variable en el tiempo de la respuesta vascular y autonómica durante la hiperemia reactiva demostró la presencia de un patrón de respuesta característico con un aumento en el índice simpático y una disminución en el índice parasimpático a los 8 a 10 segundos, un aumento en la frecuencia cardíaca a los 20 segundos y un aumento progresivo de PVA durante los primeros 60 segundos después de la oclusión independientemente del tiempo transcurrido en el procedimiento. Además, se evidenció una disminución en el tiempo de tránsitos del pulso en relación con los intervalos RR, seguido de un aumento independientemente del tiempo de oclusión.Conclusiones: La activación simpática cardiovascular temprana es independiente del tiempo de oclusión durante la hiperemia reactiva, lo que sugiere que se trata de una respuesta refleja autonómica vascular involucrada en la generación del fenómeno fisiológico de hiperemia reactiva.

Objetivo: O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar o papel do tempo de oclusão nas mudanças dinâmicas da ativação autonômica durante a hiperemia reativa.Métodos: Participaram deste estudo indivíduos saudáveis ​​(n = 30) na faixa etária de 18 a 25 anos. A reatividade vascular foi avaliada medindo as mudanças dinâmicas na amplitude do volume do pulso do dedo (PVA) e tempo de trânsito do pulso em relação aos intervalos RR no teste (braço ocluído) e braço controle (braço não ocluído contralateral) durante 1, 3 e 5 minutos de oclusão usando dois sensores fotopletismográficos separados. A variabilidade da frequência cardíaca foi calculada a partir de um sinal de ECG adquirido simultaneamente para monitorar as mudanças dinâmicas na atividade nervosa autonômica cardíaca. A análise variável no tempo de todos os sinais foi mostrada a cada 1 segundo em gráficos de resposta média.Resultados: A análise variável no tempo da resposta vascular e autonômica durante a hiperemia reativa demonstrou a presença de um padrão de resposta característico com um aumento no índice simpático e uma diminuição no índice parassimpático em 8 a 10 segundos, um aumento na frequência cardíaca em 20 segundos e aumento progressivo do PVA durante os primeiros 60 segundos após a oclusão, independentemente do tempo despendido no procedimento. Além disso, foi evidenciada uma diminuição no tempo de trânsito de pulso em relação aos intervalos RR, seguida de um aumento independente do tempo de oclusão.Conclusões: A ativação simpática cardiovascular precoce independe do tempo de oclusão durante a hiperemia reativa, o que sugere que se trata de uma resposta reflexa autonômica vascular envolvida na geração do fenômeno fisiológico de hiperemia reativa.

Validation, comparison, and combination of algorithms for automatic detection of pulmonary nodules in computed tomography images: The LUNA16 challenge.

Automatic detection of pulmonary nodules in thoracic computed tomography (CT) scans has been an active area of research for the last two decades. However, there have only been few studies that provide a comparative performance evaluation of different systems on a common database. We have therefore set up the LUNA16 challenge, an objective evaluation framework for automatic nodule detection algorithms using the largest publicly available reference database of chest CT scans, the LIDC-IDRI data set. In LUNA16, participants develop their algorithm and upload their predictions on 888 CT scans in one of the two tracks: 1) the complete nodule detection track where a complete CAD system should be developed, or 2) the false positive reduction track where a provided set of nodule candidates should be classified. This paper describes the setup of LUNA16 and presents the results of the challenge so far. Moreover, the impact of combining individual systems on the detection performance was also investigated. It was observed that the leading solutions employed convolutional networks and used the provided set of nodule candidates. The combination of these solutions achieved an excellent sensitivity of over 95% at fewer than 1.0 false positives per scan. This highlights the potential of combining algorithms to improve the detection performance. Our observer study with four expert readers has shown that the best system detects nodules that were missed by expert readers who originally annotated the LIDC-IDRI data. We released this set of additional nodules for further development of CAD systems.

universAAL: towards the assisting technologies market breakthrough.

The universAAL initiative aims at fulfilling EU objectives to promote open platforms in the Ambient Assisted Living domain by: (1) producing a platform providing the necessary technical support; (2) carrying out support activities promoting widespread acceptance and adoption of the platform. Coordinated exploitation models to ensure the sustainability of project results are being developed by a partnership of committed partners in order to deliver the evidence of usefulness, usability, and reliability of the universAAL platform while assuring its maintenance, thus making universAAL a unique candidate for re-use under real-life conditions.

Evaluación de microorganismos con potencial de promoción de crecimiento vegetal y biocontrol de Spongospora subterranea / Evaluation of microorganisms with potential for plant growth promotion and biological control of Spongospora subterranea

La sarna polvosa de la papa es causada por el patógeno Spongospora subterranea, que disminuye la calidad y producción de tubérculos y facilita la entrada de otros patógenos. Esta enfermedad afecta las principales zonas productoras del mundo, debido a la falta de tratamientos efectivos contra el patógeno y al comercio de tubérculos-semilla infectados. Algunas investigaciones indican que los agentes biocontroladores podrían contribuir a reducir la actividad de S. subterranea a través de efectos sobre la viabilidad de sus quistosoros o mediante efectos estimulantes del crecimiento de la planta. En este estudio se emplearon bacterias aisladas del interior de raí­z, rizósfera y superficie de tubérculos de un cultivo de papa ( Solanum tuberosum variedad Diacol Capiro) y seleccionadas por su capacidad para producir indoles totales y quitinasas. En estudios paralelos se determinó su capacidad para promover la velocidad de germinación en brotes de tubérculos o para controlar S. subterranea en raíces y promover el crecimiento vegetal de plántulas en invernadero. La mayoria de los aislamientos evaluados incrementraron la longitud de brotes de tubérculos en el laboratorio. En el invernadero, en suelo no estéril y en presencia del patógeno, se encontró que 2 de los 10 aislamientos seleccionados por su capacidad para producir indoles totales y quitinasas, presentaron promoción de crecimiento vegetal y posible biocontrol del patógeno. Estos resultados sugieren un gran potencial para la selección de microorganismos biocontroladores y desarrollo de bioproductos a partir de recursos microbiológicos locales.

The powdery scab of potato is caused by the pathogen Spongospora subterranea which reduces the quality and yield of tubers and facilitates the establishment of other pathogens. This disease affects main potato production zones in the world, because there is not a completely effective and available control method against the disease, and due to the trading of infested seed tubers. Some research suggests that biological control agents could reduce the activity of S. subterranea through effects on the viability of their cystosoris or zoospores or by stimulating plant growth. In this research, bacteria previously isolated, from inside the roots, the rhizosphere and tuber peel of potato plants (Solanum tuberosum var. Diacol Capiro), were used, and then selected according to their capacity for producing total indoles and chitinases. Here was tested in parallel studies the capacity of nine bacterial isolates differing in total indole and chitinase production, for its capacity at increasing tuber sprout length and in promoting plant growth and biocontrol of S. subterranea . Inoculated in excised minitubers in laboratory most indole producing isolates tested resulted in increased tuber sprout length. In the greenhouse assay, in non-sterile soil and under a high pathogen pressure, two of the ten isolates selected because for their ability to produce total indoles and chitinases, showed plant growth promotion and possible biocontrol of the pathogen. These results suggest a great potential for the selection of biocontrol microorganisms and the development of new bioproducts from local microbial resources.

Behaviour patterns detection for persuasive design in Nursing Homes to help dementia patients.

Nursing homes usually host large accounts of persons with different levels of dementia. Detecting dementia process in early stages may allow the application of mechanisms to reduce or stop the cognitive impairment. Our ultimate objective is to demonstrate that the use of persuasive techniques may serve to motivate these subjects and induct re-learning mechanisms to stop mental impairment. Nevertheless, this requires the study of the behaviour of each patient individually in order to detect conduct disorders in their living ambient. This study presents a behavior pattern detection architecture based on the Ambient Assisted Living paradigm and Workflow Mining technology to enable re-learning mechanisms in dementia processes via providing tools to automate the conduct disorder detection. This architecture fosters the use of Workflows as representation languages to allow health professionals to represent persuasive motivation protocols in the AAL environment to react individually to dementia symptoms detected.

Ambient Assisted Living spaces validation by services and devices simulation.

The design of Ambient Assisted Living (AAL) products is a very demanding challenge. AAL products creation is a complex iterative process which must accomplish exhaustive prerequisites about accessibility and usability. In this process the early detection of errors is crucial to create cost-effective systems. Computer-assisted tools can suppose a vital help to usability designers in order to avoid design errors. Specifically computer simulation of products in AAL environments can be used in all the design phases to support the validation. In this paper, a computer simulation tool for supporting usability designers in the creation of innovative AAL products is presented. This application will benefit their work saving time and improving the final system functionality.

Malaria: estudio de 55 casos / Malaria: a 55 cases study

Mediante el analisis retrospectivo de 55 historias clinicas con diagnostico de malaria, se realizo un estudio descriptivo a cerca del comportamiento de esta enfermedad. Como hallazgos importantes tuvimos: en 28% de los pacientes, la parasitemia fue mixta (P.Vivax y P. Falciparum); hubo dos casos de malaria post transfusional y dos de malaria adquirida en Medellin. De tres casos con malaria cerebral, en uno se hallo P.Vivax tal vez por haber confundido el tipo de Plasmodium por que era parasitemia mixta que no se evidencio en la placa de hemoparasitos. Existio recurrencia de la enfermedad en 18.2