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1.
Vaccimonitor ; 17(2)mayo-ago. 2008. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-37746

RESUMO

En Cuba, desde 1997 se viene aplicando en grupos de riesgo una vacuna contra la leptospirosis (vax-SPIRAL®)dirigida contra los serogrupos Canicola, Icterohaemorragiae y Pomona. Sin embargo, en los últimos años la situación epidemiológica del país ha variado y en la actualidad el serogrupo Ballum alcanza la más alta incidencia, haciéndose necesario conocer el grado de protección de vax-SPIRAL® frente a este serogrupo. Para ello se evaluó la protección cruzada de vax-SPIRAL® frente al serogrupo L Ballum en el modelo animal Hámster Sirio Dorado, con una y dos dosis de esta vacuna. Se emplearon, además, diferentes dosis de la vacuna y diferentes lotes vacunales. En todos los casos se determinó la prevalencia de leptospira en los principales órganos diana, luego del reto contra 100 y 10 000 DL50 de las cepas de L Ballum altamente virulentas (cepas 12399, 42600 y 60). Los resultados mostraron un 100 por ciento de protección de los animales inmunizados frente a la infección letal y el estado de portador con una y dos dosis de la vacuna. En ningún caso se apreciaron síntomas característicos de infección en los órganos diana(AU)


The vaccine against Leptospirosis (vax-SPIRAL®) has been applied in risk groups against serogroups Canicola,Icterohaemorragiae and Pomona in Cuba since 1997. However, the epidemiological situation has changed and presently, the serogroup Ballum reaches the highest incidence. As a consequence, a study was conducted to know the grade of protection ofvax-SPIRAL® against this serogroup. In this study the cross protection of vax-SPIRAL® against serogroup L Ballum with one and two doses of the vaccine was evaluated in Syrian Golden Hamster model. In addition, different doses of the vaccine and different vaccinal lots were used. Prevalence of leptospira in target organ after the challenge with 100 and 10 000 DL50 of highly virulent L Ballum strains (strains 12399, 42600 y 60) was determined in all cases. The results showed a complete crossprotection of immunized animal against lethal infection and the carrier state with one and two doses of the vaccine. Characteristic symptoms of the infection were not observed in the target organs(AU)


Assuntos
Animais , Camundongos , Leptospirose/imunologia , Vacinas/imunologia , Mesocricetus/microbiologia
2.
MEDICC Rev ; 10(3): 38-42, 2008 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21487367

RESUMO

Honduras was one of the Central American countries most severely hit by Hurricane Mitch. Torrential rains and heavy flooding created conditions conducive to a leptospirosis outbreak in the country. A group of Cuban scientists studied 68 patients from the Department of Cort�s - one of the country's hardest hit areas - presenting clinical and epidemiological profiles indicative of leptospirosis. Blood and serum samples were taken from all subjects. A microscopic agglutination test (MAT) was used to identify Leptospira strains and to assess protection conferred by vax-SPIRAL® (Cuban leptospirosis vaccine) against the isolated strain. Prevalence of leptospires in the kidneys and liver was also verified. A male predominance was found in the group aged 15-49 years. Municipalities in this Department with the largest number of cases were San Pedro Sula, La Lima, and Chamelec�n. The most frequent symptoms included fever, headache, myalgia, and generalized discomfort. Over 80% of subjects reported presence of rodents in their homes, as well as contact with stagnant water and domestic animals. The strain isolated from positive blood cultures was from the Icterohaemorrhagiae serogroup, which was highly virulent in the animal model used. Protection was 100% in hamsters inoculated with vax-SPIRAL® and subsequently challenged with the Honduran strain. Additionally, macroscopic analysis of organs from immunized animals that survived the challenge showed no signs of leptospirosis infection.

3.
Vaccimonitor ; 16(3)Sept.- Dic. 2007. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-35810

RESUMO

En Honduras, uno de los países de Centroamérica más afectados por el huracán Mitch, debido a las fuertes lluvias e inundaciones, se crearon las condiciones idóneas para el desarrollo de un brote de leptospirosis. Un grupo de especialistas cubanos realizamos unestudio a 68 pacientes con un cuadro clínico epidemiológico sospechoso de leptospirosis entre los pobladores del Departamento de Puerto Cortés, una las regiones más comprometidas. A todos los pacientes se les tomó una muestra de sangre para hemocultivo y obtención de suero. Se empleó la técnica de aglutinación microscópica (MAT) para la identificación de las cepas de leptospira y para evaluar la protección conferida por vax-SPIRAL® (vacuna antileptospirósica cubana) frente al reto con la cepa aislada y se verificó la prevalencia de leptospiras en los riñones e hígado. Se observó un predominio de pacientes del sexo masculino, en un grupo entre 15-49 años. Los municipios de este Departamento con un mayor número de casos fueron San Pedro Sula, La Lima yChamelecón. Los síntomas más frecuentes fueron: fiebre, cefalea, mialgias, malestar general, entre otros. Más del 80 por ciento de los individuos manifestaron la presencia de roedores en sus viviendas y que tuvieron contacto con aguas estancadas y animalesdomésticos. La cepa aislada del hemocultivo positivo fue del serogrupo Icterohaemorrhagiae, muy virulento en el modelo animal empleado. Se evidenció el 100 por ciento de protección de los hámsteres inmunizados con vax-SPIRAL® y retados con la cepa de Honduras. El análisis macroscópico de los órganos de los animales inmunizados que sobrevivieron al reto al 100 or ciento, reveló la ausencia de signos característicos de la infección(AU)


Hurricane Mitch affected Central America with vast flooding caused by rainfall resulting in leptospirosis outbreaks. Honduras was one of themost affected countries, where a group of researchers worked in the isolation and confirmation of this outbreak. 68 patients from different locations of Puerto Cortes Department with suspicious symptoms of Leptospirosis were studied. All of them were taken a blood samples for hemoculture and serum obtaining. Microscopic agglutination technique (MAT) was used to identify leptospira strains and to evaluate the protection conferred by vax-SPIRAL® (Cuban leptospiral vaccine) against challenge with the isolated strain and verify the prevalence of leptospira in kidneys and liver. A predominance of male patients was observed in a group between 15-49 years. Municipalities of thisdepartment with greater number of cases were San Pedro Sula, La Lima and Chamelecón. The most frequent symptoms were: fever, headache, myalgias, general discomfort among others. More than 80 percent of individuals manifested presence of rodents in their housing and had contact with accumulated water and domestic animals. The isolated strain of the positive hemoculture was from serogrupo Icterohaemorrhagiae, very virulent in the animal model used. 100 per cent protection of hamsters immunized with vax-SPIRAL® and challengedwith the Honduras strain was evidenced while microscopic analysis of immunized animal organs which survived to the challenge at 100 percent revealed absence of signs characteristic of infection(AU)


Assuntos
Leptospirose/imunologia , Leptospirose/epidemiologia
4.
Vaccimonitor ; 16(2)May.-Ago. 2007. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | CUMED | ID: cum-35803

RESUMO

Los componentes de membrana externa (CME) de Leptospira son candidatos potenciales para la producción devacunas contra la leptospirosis. En este trabajo se inmunizaron hámsters y conejos con variantes de vacunas de CME solubilizados en SDS y adsorbidas en gel de hidróxido de aluminio. Se emplearon dos dosis por vía intramuscular, con un intervalo de 6 semanas. Las dosis empleadas fueron de 25, 5 y 2,5 µg para hámsters y 25 µg para conejos. La respuesta humoral se evaluó mediante microaglutinación (MAT) y el ensayo inmunoabsorbente de unión a la enzima (ELISA). Se evaluó además el carácter protector de la respuesta inducida por estas preparaciones mediante el reto delos hámsters inmunizados, contra 20 000 dosis letal 50 por ciento (DL50) de la cepa homóloga altamente virulenta y mediante inmunización pasiva. Para ello se utilizó el suero de los conejos obtenidos en la semana 8 frente a 10 000 DL50. La MAT y el ELISA evidenciaron el poder inmunogénico de las preparaciones evaluadas. Las preparaciones vacunales empleadas no solo fueron capaces de proteger al 100 por ciento de los hámsters contra el reto de la cepa homóloga, sino que también, en el caso de los hámsters inmunizados pasivamente, fueron capaces de prevenir la infección renal y elestablecimiento de leptospiras en órganos, evitando así el estado de portador, a diferencia de los controles noinmunizados, donde se obtuvo un 100 por ciento de mortalidad y se observaron serias lesiones a nivel de los órganosestudiados(AU)


The outer membrane components (OMC) might be useful as potential vaccine candidates. In this study rabbits and hamsters were immunized with OMC preparations obtained by SDS solubilization and adsorbed onto Aluminium hydroxyde gel. A twodosesschedule was used with an interval between doses of six weeks The animals were inoculated by intramuscular route.Doses of 25, 5 and 2,5 µg were used for hamsters and 25 µg for rabbits. The humoral response was evaluated bymicroagglutination (MAT) test and enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay (ELISA). In addition, the protective effect of the immune response induced was evaluated by challenge of the inoculated hamsters against 20 000 DL50 of homologous high virulent strain and by passive immunization using rabbits sera obtained on week 8th against 10 000 DL50. Results showedimmunogenic capacity of evaluated preparations which were able to protect all animals against challenge of homologous strain as well as to prevent renal infection and the establishment of leptospira in organs to avoid in this way carrier state in the case of hamsters passively immunized. The unvaccinated controls showed 100 percent of mortality and serious injuries in organs were observed(AU)


Assuntos
Leptospira interrogans serovar pomona/fisiologia , Membrana Celular/química
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