[Microbial etiology of mild and moderate pelvic inflammatory disease]. / Etiología microbiana de la enfermedad inflamatoria pélvica leve y moderada (EIP).

Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) is one of the most severe complications of sexually transmitted disease (STD). It can be due to the ascending of normal endogenous microorganisms of the female genital tract or the infection by microorganisms related to STD as Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae. PID leads to serious gynecoobstetric consequences as infertility and ectopic pregnancy. Clinicians face the problem of knowing the ethiology of PID in order to treat appropriatly patients with this clinical diagnosis. So that, this work pretends to establish what kind of microorganisms are implicated in PID. A proper isolation and identification of microorganisms achieved by culture of lower genital tract samples from endocervix, endometrium and peritoneal fluid, leading to a betther, specific and proper treatment of this disease.

[New alternatives in the treatment of bacterial vaginosis]. / Nuevas alternativas en el tratamiento de la vaginosis bacteriana.

Efficiency and security clindamycin vaginal cream (2%) were compared to oral metronidazole's for the treatment of 184 women with symptomatic bacterial vaginosis in a multicentric, randomized, double-blind, controlled study. The treatment was of 7 days duration, using placebo capsules for the clindamycin group and placebo cream for the metronidazole group. Patients were observed during a follow up (4-13 and 20-43 days after completion of therapy). Global results of this treatment indicated that clindamycin vaginal cream offers a similar efficiency than oral metronidazole. Improvement or total healing was 87% for clindamycin and 79% for metronidazole, with no significant differences (p > 0.22). No relapses were observed in the clindamycin group, and 7% in the metronidazole group. The clindamycin group had a failure rate of 3% compared to 15% in the oral metronidazole group. Both drugs were well tolerated. Side effects more frequently reported were vulvovaginal irritation and cervicitis/vaginitis. The only side effect that could have been classified as serious was a generalized rash in a patient receiving metronidazole. It was concluded that clindamycin vaginal cream (2%) is an efficient and secure alternative to oral metronidazole for the treatment of bacterial vaginosis being the elective therapy for pregnant women in their first gestational trimester.