RESUMO
This descriptive type of study was carried out to determine the various factors of attempted suicide in a selected area at Patnitala and Dhamuirhat upazilla health complex of Naogaon district. All reported alive cases of attempted suicide (self poisoning, hanging, self burning or immolation, drowning etc) during the period from March to June 2003 were interviewed purposely. Data were collected by face to face interview and also from hospital records. Of the interviewed cases, the mean age was 21.4 years. Household workers, day labours, students and agricultural workers (42.6%, 23.9%, 15.5% and 11.3% respectively) were the major victims and nearly 60% had nuclear family. The highest number (77.5%) used organophosphorus compound. Highest number (25.4%) mentioned that husband mainly provoked for suicidal attempt, followed by mother and father. It was evident that 71.8% of suicidal attempt was due to their emotional stress, followed by family violence, disturbed family, social deprivation, stressful events and health problems (50.7%, 49.3%, 36.6%, 25.4%, and 8.5% respectively). It was evident that attempted suicide is proportionately higher among adolescents of unmarried, with early age at marriage, with higher income and with nuclear family compared with adult. Emotional stress, disturbed family, social deprivation, health related problems are appeared to be important reasons for attempted suicide among adolescents whereas family violence in adults.
Assuntos
Estresse Psicológico/epidemiologia , Estresse Psicológico/psicologia , Tentativa de Suicídio/psicologia , Tentativa de Suicídio/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Bangladesh/epidemiologia , Demografia , Feminino , Humanos , Entrevistas como Assunto , Masculino , Fatores de Risco , Inquéritos e Questionários , Adulto JovemRESUMO
AIM: To compare the efficacy of intravenous methylprednisolone and intravenous dexamethasone on visual recovery and evaluate their side-effects for the treatment of optic neuritis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Prospective, randomized case-controlled study including 21 patients of acute optic neuritis presenting within eight days of onset and with visual acuity less then 20/60 in the affected eye who were randomly divided into two groups. Group I received intravenous dexamethasone 200 mg once daily for three days and Group II received intravenous methylprednisolone 250 mg/six-hourly for three days followed by oral prednisolone for 11 days. Parameters tested were pupillary reactions, visual acuity, fundus findings, color vision, contrast sensitivity, Goldmann visual fields and biochemical investigations for all patients at presentation and follow-up. RESULTS: Both groups were age and sex-matched. LOGMAR visual acuity at presentation was 1.10 +/- 0.52 in Group I and 1.52 +/- 0.43 in Group II. On day 90 of steroid therapy, visual acuity improved to 0.28 +/- 0.33 in Group I and 0.36 +/- 0.41 in Group II ( P =0.59). At three months there was no statistically significant difference in the color vision, contrast sensitivity, stereoacuity, Goldman fields and the amplitude and latency of visually evoked response between the two groups. The concentration of vitamin C, glucose, sodium, potassium, urea and creatinine were within the reported normal limits. CONCLUSION: Intravenous dexamethasone is an effective treatment for optic neuritis. However, larger studies are required to establish it as a safe, inexpensive and effective modality for the treatment of optic neuritis.
Assuntos
Dexametasona/administração & dosagem , Glucocorticoides/administração & dosagem , Metilprednisolona/administração & dosagem , Fármacos Neuroprotetores/administração & dosagem , Neurite Óptica/tratamento farmacológico , Adolescente , Adulto , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Criança , Percepção de Cores/fisiologia , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Quimioterapia Combinada , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Injeções Intravenosas , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Oftalmoscopia , Neurite Óptica/patologia , Neurite Óptica/fisiopatologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica , Resultado do Tratamento , Visão Binocular/fisiologia , Acuidade Visual/fisiologiaRESUMO
La problemática social del anciano y sus familiares ha encontrado un modo de solución posible en la "casa de abuelos", donde se han alcanzado logros como mejorar el estado de salud general en los ancianos, incorporándolos a la práctica del ejercicio físico y ergoterapia, lo que ha redundado en la reducción de la obesidad y el sedentarismo. Se redujo el hábito de fumar y el excaso de medicamentos, y lo que es aún más importante, se ha logrado, además, que el anciano se sienta útil de nuevo, y se incorpore a actividades sociales en su grupo de pertenencia. La labor de la enfermera, unida a la de la trabajadora social y el técnico de ergoterapia para con el abuelo es integral, pues el trabajo en conjunto constituye la médula de este tipo de institución
Assuntos
Idoso , Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Serviços de Saúde para Idosos , Instituição de Longa Permanência para IdososRESUMO
La problemática social del anciano y sus familiares ha encontrado un modo de solución posible en la "casa de abuelos", donde se han alcanzado logros como mejorar el estado de salud general en los ancianos, incorporándolos a la práctica del ejercicio físico y ergoterapia, lo que ha redundado en la reducción de la obesidad y el sedentarismo. Se redujo el hábito de fumar y el excaso de medicamentos, y lo que es aún más importante, se ha logrado, además, que el anciano se sienta útil de nuevo, y se incorpore a actividades sociales en su grupo de pertenencia. La labor de la enfermera, unida a la de la trabajadora social y el técnico de ergoterapia para con el abuelo es integral, pues el trabajo en conjunto constituye la médula de este tipo de institución
