Supplementation of sulfate polysaccharides in the seminal cooling medium of common curimata (Prochilodus brevis).

BACKGROUND: The use of sulfated polysaccharides (PS) in seminal cooling is known to improve seminal quality. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of different concentrations of PS, extracted from the macroalgae Gracilaria domigensis as a supplement to the seminal cooling medium of the reophilic fish Prochilodus brevis (common curimatã). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five semen pools were diluted in ACP-104 (treatment T1), in BTS® (T2) and in BTS® with different concentrations of PS (0.5 [T3]; 1.0 [T4] and 1.5 [T5]). The samples were cooled for different times (0, 6, 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 h) and after each hour they were analyzed for: morphology, membrane integrity, DNA integrity and sperm kinetics. RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the treatments containing different concentrations of sulfated polysaccharides. Regarding the different cooling times, it was possible to observe that after hour 96, there was a reduction in the parameters of sperm kinetics. For DNA integrity there was no significant difference in relation to the treatments nor in relation to the hours. For membrane integrity, a reduction was noted as of hour 96, but there was no influence of polysaccharides. For the sperm morphology, there was no statistical difference between the hours, however the BTS was better than the ACP-104. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that the use of polysaccharides in seminal cooling has no negative effect on sperm parameters and proves that seminal cooling keeps the material viable for up to 72 hours. Doi: 10.54680/fr23410110512.

Sulfated polysaccharides from seaweed as a supplement to Prochilodus brevis sperm freezing medium.

BACKGROUND: Using sulfated polysaccharides (SP) in fish sperm freezing medium promotes cell maintenance. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of different SP concentrations, extracted from two seaweeds (Gracilaria domingensis and Ulva fasciata), as a supplement to the sperm freezing medium of Prochilodus brevis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five semen pools were diluted in a solution composed of 5% glucose, 10 % dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and different SP concentrations (0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5 or 3.0 mg/mL). The samples were cryopreserved and, after 7 days, rewarmed and analyzed for morphology, plasma membrane integrity, DNA integrity, mitochondrial activity and sperm kinetics [total motility, progressive motility, curvilinear velocity (VCL), straight line velocity (VSL), average path velocity (VAP), linearity (LIN), and wobble (WOB)]. RESULTS: There was no interaction between seaweed and SP concentrations. Similar effects were observed with SP extracted from the two seaweeds, regardless of concentration. When comparing the SP concentrations, regardless of the seaweed, 1.0 mg/mL SP showed better results for VCL and VSL. For VAP and WOB, 1.0 mg/mL SP showed better results, but differed from 3.0 mg/mL. LIN followed the same pattern, but differed from SP at 2.5 and 3.0 mg/mL. For progressive motility, 1.0 mg/mL G. domingensis showed superior results compared to the control. For mitochondrial activity, G. domingensis was superior to U. fasciata, regardless of concentration. The lowest concentrations (0.5 and 1.0 mg/mL) showed the best results, regardless of the seaweed. However, the control was superior to all treatments tested. CONCLUSION: G. domingensis SP at the lowest concentrations might be a potential supplement to the P. brevis freezing medium. doi.org/10.54680/fr22210110412.

The effect of glycosaminoglycans, extracted from the skin of tilapia, in the sperm freezing medium of Colossoma macropomum.

BACKGROUND: Sulfated polysaccharides from the skin of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), added to the tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) semen diluting medium, can be potential antioxidants and promote the maintenance of sperm quality. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of different concentrations of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) from the skin of Nile tilapia as a supplement in two cryogenic media for tambaqui semen. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Tambaqui males received a single dose of pituitary carp extract. The semen was collected for pool analysis and, later, cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen. The pools were diluted and frozen in a solution containing fish-specific powdered coconut water (ACP-104) and 10% DMSO or 5% Glucose and 10% DMSO and supplemented with different concentrations of GAGs. The controls had no GAGs addition. After 45 days, the samples were thawed by immersion in a water bath and evaluated for membrane and DNA integrity, morphology and sperm kinetics. RESULTS: The parameters of linearity (LIN), straightness (STR) and DNA integrity of sperm frozen in 5% Glucose showed better results than ACP-104. For membrane integrity, concentrations of 0 and 1.0 mg/mL were better than 5 mg/mL. Semen motility in 5% Glucose showed superior results at concentrations lower than 5 mg/mL of GAGs. For VCL and VAP, in ACP-104, 3.0 mg/mL exceeded the other treatments. In 5% Glucose, for VCL, 4.0 mg/mL showed the lowest results compared to concentrations of <3.5 mg/mL and, for VAP, it also differed from 4.5 mg/mL CONCLUSION: Therefore, the skin of Nile tilapia has GAGs, in low concentrations, capable of improving the post-thawed sperm quality of tambaqui, especially in 5% Glucose medium.

Tecnologia de conservação de sêmen de peixes: resfriamento, congelação e uso de antioxidantes / Semen conservation technology fish: cooling, freezing and use of antioxidantes

Esta revisão tem o intuito de abordar as principais biotécnicas reprodutivas aplicadas à conservaçãoseminal de peixes teleósteos, destacando-se o resfriamento (conservação a curto prazo) e a congelação(conservação a longo prazo). Apesar dos inúmeros benefícios, como a conservação de espécies, sabe-se queessas técnicas podem ocasionar danos às células espermáticas. Dessa forma, a fim de manter a viabilidadecelular durante o resfriamento e após a descongelação, utiliza-se soluções diluidoras adequadas e busca-sesuplementá-las para obter melhores resultados. Portanto, o aprimoramento dessas técnicas torna-se de granderelevância para o desenvolvimento da piscicultura.(AU)

This review aims to address key reproductive biotechnologies applied to the seminal conservationteleost fish, cooling highlighting (short term storage) and freezing (long term storage). Despite the manybenefits, such as species conservation, it is known that these techniques can cause damage to sperm cells. Thus,in order to maintain cell viability during cooling and after thawing, use is made appropriate diluting solutionsand seeks to supplement them for best results. Therefore, the improvement of these techniques becomes of greatimportance for the development of fish farming.(AU)

Tecnologia de conservação de sêmen de peixes: resfriamento, congelação e uso de antioxidantes / Semen conservation technology fish: cooling, freezing and use of antioxidantes

Esta revisão tem o intuito de abordar as principais biotécnicas reprodutivas aplicadas à conservaçãoseminal de peixes teleósteos, destacando-se o resfriamento (conservação a curto prazo) e a congelação(conservação a longo prazo). Apesar dos inúmeros benefícios, como a conservação de espécies, sabe-se queessas técnicas podem ocasionar danos às células espermáticas. Dessa forma, a fim de manter a viabilidadecelular durante o resfriamento e após a descongelação, utiliza-se soluções diluidoras adequadas e busca-sesuplementá-las para obter melhores resultados. Portanto, o aprimoramento dessas técnicas torna-se de granderelevância para o desenvolvimento da piscicultura.

This review aims to address key reproductive biotechnologies applied to the seminal conservationteleost fish, cooling highlighting (short term storage) and freezing (long term storage). Despite the manybenefits, such as species conservation, it is known that these techniques can cause damage to sperm cells. Thus,in order to maintain cell viability during cooling and after thawing, use is made appropriate diluting solutionsand seeks to supplement them for best results. Therefore, the improvement of these techniques becomes of greatimportance for the development of fish farming.

Avaliação de diferentes crioprotetores e taxas de diluição na criopreservação seminal de Prochilodus brevis / Evaluation of different crioprotectants and dilution ratios on Prochilodus brevis sperm cryopreservation

Este estudo objetivou caracterizar o sêmen de Prochilodus brevis e avaliar os efeitos de diferentescrioproterores e taxas de diluição sobre a cinética e a morfologia do sêmen criopreservado. Inicialmente,amostras seminais de P. brevis (n = 40) foram analisadas quanto ao volume, pH, osmolaridade, concentração,motilidade e morfologia espermáticas. Para a criopreservação, o material coletado foi distribuído em 10 pools desêmen (n = 10), submetidos a seis tratamentos compostos pela combinação de glicose 5%, dois crioprotetores(DMSO ou MG) e três taxas de diluição (1:3, 1:6 ou 1:9 sêmen:diluidor). As amostras, in natura e pósdescongeladas,foram analisadas quanto à sua morfologia e cinética espermática utilizando o CASA. O sêmen deP. brevis apresentou características semelhantes a demais espécies de Prochilodus. O sêmen congelado comglicose e MG apresentou resultados significativamente superiores (P < 0,05) comparado àquele congeladoutilizando DMSO. As diluições 1:3 e 1:6 apresentaram melhores resultados para glicose + MG, enquanto 1:9 foimelhor para glicose + DMSO. Portanto, a associação glicose + MG, numa taxa de diluição de 1:3 ou 1:6, é amais indicada para a criopreservação do sêmen de Prochilodus brevis.(AU)

This study aimed to characterize Prochilodus brevis sperm and evaluate the effects of different diluentsand dilution ratios on kinetics and morphology of cryopreserved sperm. Initially, sperm samples of P. brevis(n = 40) were assessed for volume, pH, osmolality, spermatic concentration, motility and morphology. Forcryopreservation, the collected material was distributed in ten pools of semen (n = 10), submitted to sixtreatments composed by a combination of glucose 5% with two cryoprotectants (DMSO or MG) and threedilution ratios (1:3, 1:6 or 1:9 - sperm:diluent). In natura and post-thawed samples were assessed for spermaticmorphology and kinetics using CASA. The sperm of P. brevis showed similar characteristics to otherProchilodus species. Sperm cryopreserved in glucose plus MG presented significantly higher results (P < 0.05)compared to sperm frozen in DMSO. The dilution ratios of 1:3 and 1:6 yielded better results for glucose + MG,while 1:9 was the best dilution for glucose + DMSO. In conclusion, the association of glucose + MG, in adilution ratio of 1:3 or 1:6, is the most indicated for Prochilodus brevis sperm cryopreservation.(AU)

Avaliação de diferentes crioprotetores e taxas de diluição na criopreservação seminal de Prochilodus brevis / Evaluation of different crioprotectants and dilution ratios on Prochilodus brevis sperm cryopreservation

Este estudo objetivou caracterizar o sêmen de Prochilodus brevis e avaliar os efeitos de diferentescrioproterores e taxas de diluição sobre a cinética e a morfologia do sêmen criopreservado. Inicialmente,amostras seminais de P. brevis (n = 40) foram analisadas quanto ao volume, pH, osmolaridade, concentração,motilidade e morfologia espermáticas. Para a criopreservação, o material coletado foi distribuído em 10 pools desêmen (n = 10), submetidos a seis tratamentos compostos pela combinação de glicose 5%, dois crioprotetores(DMSO ou MG) e três taxas de diluição (1:3, 1:6 ou 1:9 – sêmen:diluidor). As amostras, in natura e pósdescongeladas,foram analisadas quanto à sua morfologia e cinética espermática utilizando o CASA. O sêmen deP. brevis apresentou características semelhantes a demais espécies de Prochilodus. O sêmen congelado comglicose e MG apresentou resultados significativamente superiores (P < 0,05) comparado àquele congeladoutilizando DMSO. As diluições 1:3 e 1:6 apresentaram melhores resultados para glicose + MG, enquanto 1:9 foimelhor para glicose + DMSO. Portanto, a associação glicose + MG, numa taxa de diluição de 1:3 ou 1:6, é amais indicada para a criopreservação do sêmen de Prochilodus brevis.

This study aimed to characterize Prochilodus brevis sperm and evaluate the effects of different diluentsand dilution ratios on kinetics and morphology of cryopreserved sperm. Initially, sperm samples of P. brevis(n = 40) were assessed for volume, pH, osmolality, spermatic concentration, motility and morphology. Forcryopreservation, the collected material was distributed in ten pools of semen (n = 10), submitted to sixtreatments composed by a combination of glucose 5% with two cryoprotectants (DMSO or MG) and threedilution ratios (1:3, 1:6 or 1:9 - sperm:diluent). In natura and post-thawed samples were assessed for spermaticmorphology and kinetics using CASA. The sperm of P. brevis showed similar characteristics to otherProchilodus species. Sperm cryopreserved in glucose plus MG presented significantly higher results (P < 0.05)compared to sperm frozen in DMSO. The dilution ratios of 1:3 and 1:6 yielded better results for glucose + MG,while 1:9 was the best dilution for glucose + DMSO. In conclusion, the association of glucose + MG, in adilution ratio of 1:3 or 1:6, is the most indicated for Prochilodus brevis sperm cryopreservation.