Serum Serotonin as a Biomarker of the Efficacy of PAP-Therapy in Sleep Apnea Syndrome.

Serum serotonin levels were determined by HPLC in 30 patients with diagnosed obstructive sleep apnea syndrome before and after 3-month course of PAP-therapy and in 14 subjects without obstructive sleep apnea symptoms. It was found that elimination of hypoxic conditions was associated with an increase in serotonin level. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of PAP-therapy during sleep and allow assessing the role of serotonin as a potential biomarker of intermittent hypoxia during sleep.

[The relationship of hemodynamic parameters of periodontal microvascular bed and lipid peroxidation products in adolescents with arterial hypertension]. / Vzaimosvyaz' pokazatelei gemodinamiki mikrososudistogo rusla parodonta i produktov lipoperoksidatsii u podrostkov s arterial'noi gipertenziei.

THE AIM: Of the study was to establish the relationship of hemodynamic parameters of periodontal tissues and lipid peroxidation products in adolescents with arterial hypertension (AH). METHODS: The study included 132 adolescents (average age 14.51±1.91 years), from which 2 clinical groups (1 - the group with AH without periodontal disease (n=19, average age - 15±1.53 years) and 2 - the group with AH with periodontal diseases (n=57, average age - 14.7±1.89 years)) and 2 comparison groups (3 - the comparison group without AH and periodontal diseases (n=19, average age - 13.82±1.89 years) and 4 - comparison group without AH and with periodontal diseases (n=37, mean age - 14.57±2.01 years)) were formed. Hemodynamic analysis of the periodontal microcirculatory bed using the Doppler ultrasound method and the level of lipid peroxidation products using spectrophotometric and fluorometric methods was performed. RESULTS: In adolescents with hypertension without and with inflammatory periodontal diseases as a whole, unidirectional changes in the hemodynamics of the vascular bed of the periodontium were observed in the form of increased values of the maximum blood flow velocity in systole and an increase in the peripheral resistance index. At the same time, the group with hypertension and periodontal disease was distinguished by lower values of these indicators. In the system of lipid peroxidation, increased values of ketodienes and conjugated trienes occurred in patients with hypertension without periodontal disease and end products that actively reacting with thiobarbituric acid in patients with hypertension and periodontal disease. Correlation analysis showed the presence of intersystem relationships between the hemodynamic parameters of the vascular bed of periodontal adolescents with hypertension without periodontal disease. In the group of adolescents with arterial hypertension and periodontal disease, there was a decrease in the correlation coefficients between intersystem parameters by almost two times, as well as the appearance of pathological dependencies between toxic metabolites of the lipid peroxidation process - products that actively reacting with thiobarbituric acid and vascular blood flow indicators. CONCLUSION: It has been noted that in adolescent patients with hypertension and periodontal diseases on the background of lower vascular blood flow and accumulation of end toxic metabolites, pathological dependencies occur between them, which may contribute to more intense damage to the tissues of the periodontal complex in the presence of hypertension.

Evaluation of Lipid Peroxidation-Antioxidant Defense System Depending on the Stage of Stress Reaction in Hypertensive ISIAH Rats.

The stages of stress reaction (anxiety and resistance) were reproduced on the model of stresssensitive hypertensive ISIAH rats. Analysis of the experimental data showed an increase in activity of the antioxidant defense system in ISIAH rats: total antioxidant activity of the blood and superoxide dismutase activity increased at the stage of anxiety and then decreased during the resistance stage.

Comparison of Reactivity of the Lipid Peroxidation-Antioxidant Defense System in Normal and Hypertensive Rats at Different Stages of Stress-Reaction.

We compared changes in the parameters of LPO-antioxidant defense system at various stages of the stress response in mature male ISIAH rats (hereditary stress-induced arterial hypertension) and WAG rats in 3 h (stage of anxiety) and 7 days (resistance stage) after a 3-h single immobilization in the supine position. It was found that post-stress reactivity of the nonspecific stress-limiting LPO system is different in normotensive and hypertensive rats. ISIAH rats, irrespective of the stage of the stress-reaction, demonstrated more intense LPO reactions (accumulation of TBA-reactive products) and reduced antioxidant defense parameters (low content of lipid-soluble vitamins, increased oxidized glutathione content) in comparison with the corresponding parameters in WAG rats.

Coupling of Lipoperoxidation Reactions with Changes in Arterial Blood Pressure in Hypertensive ISIAH Rats under Conditions of Chronic Stress.

Mature normotensive male WAG rats and stress-sensitive hypertensive ISIAH rats were exposed to "everyday life stress" modelled by alternation of immobilization and adaptation. Increased LPO intensity (increased content of substrates with unsaturated double bonds and primary and secondary LPO products) and reduced content of some antioxidant protection components (reduced retinol level and GSH/GSSG ratio) were revealed in the blood of ISIAH rats. These changes correlated with elevated mean BP. The results can reflect the significant role of LPO changes in the pathogenesis of stress-induced arterial hypertension.

Features of Lipoperoxidation, Antioxidant Defense, and Thiol/Disulfide System in the Pathogenesis of Infertility in Males, Carriers of Nonfunctional Variants of GSTT1 and GSTM1 Gene Polymorphisms.

Comparative analysis of the parameters of LPO, antioxidant defense (AOD), and the thiol/disulfide system was performed in fertile and infertile males of reproductive age carrying different genotypes of the glutathione system genes. Blood plasma, blood hemolysate, and ejaculate served as specimens for biochemical studies. A decrease in glutathione S-transferase activity was found in blood and ejaculate specimens from fertile and infertile carriers of nonfunctional GSTT1(0/0)/GSTM1(0/0) genotypes. In infertile carriers of nonfunctional GSTT1(0/0)/GSTM1(0/0) genotypes determining reduced glutathione S-transferase activity, a decrease in the concentration of low-molecular-weight cell antioxidant (reduced glutathione) and an increase in the concentration of secondary LPO products (TBA-reactive substances) were revealed. Identification of carriers the polymorphic GSTT1 and GSTM1 variants and analysis of activity of the thiol/disulfide system enzymes can be recommended for additional evaluation of the risk for reproductive dysfunction in men.

[The impact of arterial hypertension in children on dental decay activity].

One hundred and ninety-five children aged 8 to 13 years, of which 113 are diagnosed with essential arterial hypertension (EAH), and 82 children from the control group without somatic diseases including EAH were examined. All children underwent dental examination. The values of the substrates and the primary products of lipid peroxidation (LPO)--double bond (DB) and diene conjugates (DC) were determined. The index of caries intensity exceeded the similar indicator in comparison with the control group of children with EAH. The intensity of the oxidation of substrates of LPO in patients with EAH compared with healthy children was also higher. The article discusses the index of low value of DB in patients with 1st stage of caries in combination with EAH, as a potential negative factor limiting the generation of biologically active compounds in systemic blood flow involved in the prevention of caries process.

[Sperm quality and features of the antioxidant defense system in men living in various regions of Siberia].

AIM: To investigate the quality of sperm, total antioxidant activity, concentrations of -tocopherol and lipid peroxidation in men of reproductive age living in Ulan-Ude, Irkutsk, and Novosibirsk. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The analysis of sperm quality included measuring the volume and pH of the ejaculate, sperm cell count, the proportion of motile sperm cells of A and B categories. RESULTS: Healthy men living in Irkutsk were found to have 34.4 and 23.6% higher sperm count (millions per ml) compared to men living in the city of Novosibirsk and Ulan-Ude, respectively. They also had a 44 and 38% statistically significantly greater concentration of alpha-tocopherol than men living in Ulan-Ude and Novosibirsk, respectively. Men from Ulan-Ude had 16 and 11% greater counts of active spermatozoa than men from Novosibirsk, respectively, and 34 and 13% higher levels of total antioxidant activity of ejaculate, respectively. CONCLUSION: The findings on quality of the ejaculate and features of lipid peroxidation in men living in various Siberian cities show that the place of residence and ecological and geographical location affect functioning of the reproductive system and the heterogeneity of male infertility under anthropogenic pressure.

LPO-Antioxidant Defense System in Newborns and Women Drinking Small Amounts of Alcohol During Pregnancy.

We studied the effects of consumption of low-alcohol drinks (no more than 2 doses) during pregnancy on the state of LPO-antioxidant defense system and glutathione level in the blood serum and erythrocytes of pregnant women and newborns. It was found that even single alcohol intake was followed by the development of oxidative stress in women and newborns. In pregnant women, the decrease in reduced glutathione content and glutathione reductase activity associated with increased level of oxidized glutathione and glutathione transferase activity were typical changes. In newborns, the decrease in reduced glutathione concentration was accompanied by a decrease in glutathione reductase, glutathione transferase, and glutathione peroxidase activities. It should be emphasized that even small alcohol doses produce delayed negative effects on metabolism of the mother and newborns.