Urinary incontinence and sedentary behaviour in nursing home residents in Osona, Catalonia: protocol for the OsoNaH project, a multicentre observational study.

INTRODUCTION: Several studies have shown that physical activity (PA) levels and sedentary behaviour (SB) are independent risk factors for many health-related issues. However, there is scarce evidence supporting the relationship between SB and urinary incontinence (UI) in community-dwelling older adults, and no information on any possible association in institutionalised older adults. Stage I of this project has the main objective of determining the prevalence of UI and its associated factors in nursing home (NH) residents, as well as analysing the association between UI (and its types) and SB. Stage II aims to investigate the incidence and predictive factors of functional and continence decline, falls, hospitalisations, mortality and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic among NH residents. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Stage I is an observational, multicentre, cross-sectional study with mixed methodology that aims to explore the current status of several health-related outcomes in NH residents of Osona (Barcelona, Spain). The prevalence ratio will be used as an association measure and multivariate analysis will be undertaken using Poisson regression with robust variance. Stage II is a 2-year longitudinal study that aims to analyse functional and continence decline, incidence of falls, hospitalisations, mortality and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on these outcomes. A survival analysis using the actuarial method for functional decline and continence, evaluated every 6 months, and the Kaplan-Meier method for falls, hospitalisations and deaths, and Cox regression for multivariate analysis will be undertaken. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: The study received the following approvals: University of Vic - Central University of Catalonia Ethics and Research Committee (92/2019 and 109/2020), Clinical Research Ethics Committee of the Osona Foundation for Health Research and Education (FORES) (code 2020118/PR249). Study results will be disseminated at conferences, meetings and through peer-reviewed journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: NCT04297904.

Análisis descriptivo de los suicidios y la aplicación del método autopsia psicológica durante el período 2013-2015 en la comarca de Osona (Barcelona, España) / A Descriptive analysis of suicide deaths and application of the Psychological Autopsy method during the period 2013-2015 in the region of Osona (Barcelona, Spain)

Introducción. El objetivo del presente estudio es describir el perfil de las muertes por suicidio en la comarca de Osona (Barcelona) durante el período 2013-2015 y analizar la aplicación de la técnica autopsia psicológica (AP). Material y métodos. El diseño es retrospectivo a partir del registro de suicidios (n=31). La muestra de la AP (n=14) estuvo formada por familiares y personas adultas próximas al fallecido, reclutadas a través del registro del Consorci Hospitalari de Vic. Se utilizó el método de la AP mediante la Semi-Structured Interview for Psychological Autopsy (SSIPA), una entrevista semiestructurada adaptada y validada al español (García-Caballero et al., 2010). Resultados. El perfil mayoritario de las muertes por suicidio corresponde a varones, casados, sin antecedentes psiquiátricos que utilizaron métodos como el ahorcamiento o el arrollamiento por tren. En la submuestra en que se realizó la AP se observa que los factores precipitantes o motivadores están relacionados con problemas a nivel social, familiar y de salud. La prevalencia de psicopatologías diagnosticadas no fue mayoritaria, pero se detectaron rasgos de personalidad vulnerables. En muchos casos hubo preparativos y verbalizaciones previas respecto a sus intenciones, por lo que se deduce que la decisión fue tomada de forma premeditada y no impulsiva. Conclusiones. La AP representa una herramienta eficaz para la obtención de datos relativos al suicidio que pueden ser relevantes y útiles en el diseño y la implementación de programas de prevención, ayudando a detectar la idiosincrasia particular de cada región y permitiendo una mayor adaptación e individualización de dichos programas (AU)

Introduction. The aim of the present study is to describe the pattern of suicide deaths in the region of Osona (Barcelona) during the period 2013-2015, and to analyse the use of the Psychological Autopsy (PA) method. Material and methods. It is a retrospective design using the suicide deaths register (n=31). The PA sample (n=14) was composed of adult relatives and close friends, recruited from the Consorci Hospitalari de Vic. The PA method was performed using the Semi-Structured Interview for Psychological Autopsy (SSIPA), adapted and validated to the Spanish language (García-Caballero et al., 2010). Results. The main profile was of a male, married, with no psychiatric history, and used methods like hanging or being running over by a train. In the sub-sample on which the PA was carried out, it was observed that the main precipitating or motivating factors were those related to social, family, and health problems. The prevalence of diagnosed psychopathologies was not a majority profile, but vulnerable personality traits were found. As most of the cases showed previous preparations and verbalisations regarding their intention, it can be concluded that the decision was not impulsive but deliberate. Conclusions. The PA method is an efficient tool to describe and obtain data about suicide that may be relevant and useful in the design and implementation of prevention programs. Moreover, it may help to perceive the individual characteristics of each region promoting a better adjustment and individualisation of these programs (AU)