Characterization of the Immobilized ß-Galactosidase C from Bacillus circulans and the Production of ß(1→3)-linked Disaccharides.

A recombinant ß-galactosidase, which was obtained from the ß-galactosidase C gene of Bacillus circulans and cleaves the non-reducing end galactosyl residue of ß(1→3)-linkages selectively, was immobilized using CNBr-Sepharose. Although the effect of pH was not changed by the immobilization, the thermostability and stability in the presence of DMF were increased. Optimization of the transglycosylation using para-nitrophenyl ß-D-galactopyranoside as a donor and benzyl-α-D-N-acetylgalactosaminide as an acceptor afforded a ß(1→3)-linked disaccharide derivative with 62% molar yield in a gram scale synthesis. Using the methyl-analogue as an acceptor, 53% of the acceptor was converted to the respective ß(1→3)-disaccharide.

Substrate specificity of native dTDP-D-glucose-4,6-dehydratase: chemo-enzymatic syntheses of artificial and naturally occurring deoxy sugars.

Incubation of dTDP-glucose with the enzyme dTDP-glucose-4,6-dehydratase [EC 4.2.1.46] from wild type E. coli B yielded a mixture of 3- and 4-keto-6-deoxy sugars after work-up. Model experiments with chemically synthesized methyl 6-deoxy-4-keto-glucoside (9) revealed that dTDP-6-deoxy-alpha-D-ribo-hexopyran-3-ulose (3) is formed by keto-enol tautomerization during the isolation procedure from initially formed dTDP-6-deoxy-alpha-D-xylo-hexopyran-4-ulose (2). dTDP-3-deoxyglucose (4) and dTDP-3-azido-3-deoxyglucose (6) were substrates and showed Michaelis-Menten kinetics (4: KM = 200 microM and V(max) = 130 mumol/h mg; 6: KM = 300 microM and V(max) = 90 mumol/h mg). In 100-mg-scale experiments, both non-natural substrates gave the respective 6-deoxy-4-keto compounds, dTDP-3,6-dideoxy-alpha-D-erythro-hexopyran-4-ulose (5) and dTDP-3-azido-3,6-dideoxy-alpha-D-xylo-hexopyran-4-ulose++ + (7), in yields ranging from 24 to 40%.