Exploration of clients living with HIV needs for reporting on experiences with sex.

Talking about sex with people living with HIV receives insufficient attention in health care. A cross-sectional and exploratory study describes the preferences of people living with HIV to talk about sex with specialized HIV physicians and nurses in a clinic in Barcelona (Spain). A 27-item self-administered questionnaire was used between June 2017 and May 2018. One hundred fourteen people agreed to participate. Data were analyzed using multivariate logistic regression. Most of the participants reported "never or almost never" having been asked about sex practices in visits with the HIV specialist physician (n = 65 [57.0%]) or nurse (n = 74 [64.9%]). Older participants stated that neither physicians nor nurses talked about sex during visits. Women felt that physicians hardly ever asked about their sexual practices. Men who had sex with other men indicated that their physicians always asked about their sex practices compared with heterosexuals living with HIV. Health professionals should reformulate how to talk about sex with people living with HIV to facilitate communication and provide adequate care.

Simplification of Antiretroviral Treatment from Darunavir/Ritonavir Monotherapy to Darunavir/Cobicistat Monotherapy: Effectiveness and Safety in Routine Clinical Practice.

Our aim was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of darunavir/cobicistat (DRV/c) monotherapy as an antiretroviral treatment simplification strategy in HIV-infected patients already on suppressive darunavir/ritonavir (DRV/r) monotherapy in routine clinical practice. We conducted a retrospective multicenter study including all adult patients switched from DRV/r monotherapy to DRV/c monotherapy while HIV-1 RNA was <50 copies/mL and who had at least one follow-up visit. The primary endpoint was the percentage of patients remaining free of treatment failure (TF), defined as discontinuation of monotherapy for any reason, including loss of follow-up. Virological failure (VF) was defined as a confirmed HIV-1 RNA ≥50 copies/mL or any change in the regimen after a single determination with HIV-1 RNA ≥50 copies/mL. Changes in renal function parameters and lipid profile were also evaluated. Factors associated with VF were analyzed using Cox regression. In this study, 173 subjects were included. The median (interquartile range) time of follow-up was 58 (50-67) weeks. Overall, 90% of patients remained free of TF during follow-up. Ten (6%) patients discontinued DRV/c monotherapy for nonvirological reasons and eight (5%) developed VF. No DRV-related mutations were identified in patients with VF. A decrease in triglyceride levels (p = .006) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (p = .005) were observed during follow-up. The presence of blips and CD4+ nadir <100 cells/mm3 were predictors of VF. In conclusion, switching to DRV/c monotherapy seems to be safe and effective in routine clinical practice in HIV-infected patients undergoing suppressive DRV/r monotherapy.

Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV-infected patients with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia / Síndrome inflamatorio de reconstitución inmune en pacientes con infección por VIH y neumonía por Pneumocystis jirovecii

INTRODUCTION: The incidence of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) in HIV-infected patients after an episode of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) seems to be lower than with other opportunistic infections. We conducted an observational study in order to determine the incidence, clinical characteristics and outcome of patients diagnosed with PJP-related IRIS. METHODS: We conducted an observational study of HIV patients diagnosed with PJP-related IRIS from January 2000 to November 2015. We analyzed epidemiological and clinical characteristics as well as laboratory findings. We also carried out a systematic review of published cases. RESULTS: Six cases of IRIS out of 123 (4.9%) HIV-infected patients with PJP who started ART were diagnosed. All six cases were men with a median age of 34 (IQR: 8) years. The six patients developed paradoxical IRIS. Subjects younger than 40 years old (p = 0.084) and with an HIV-RNA viral load >100000 copies/ml (p = 0.081) at diagnosis showed a tendency to develop IRIS. Thirty-seven published cases of PJP-related IRIS were identified. Although 51% of cases involved respiratory failure, no deaths were reported. CONCLUSIONS: PJP-related IRIS is rare condition compared to other opportunistic infections. It can lead to a severe respiratory failure in a significant proportion of cases, although no deaths have been reported

INTRODUCCIÓN: La incidencia del síndrome inflamatorio de reconstitución inmune (SIRI) en pacientes infectados por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) después de un episodio de neumonía por Pneumocystis jirovecii (PJP) parece ser menor que con otras infecciones oportunistas. Hemos realizado un estudio observacional con el objetivo de conocer la incidencia, las características clínicas y la evolución de los pacientes diagnosticados de SIRI asociado con la PJP. MÉTODOS: Se ha realizado un estudio observacional de pacientes con VIH diagnosticados de SIRI asociado a PJP desde enero del 2000 hasta noviembre de 2015. Fueron analizadas características epidemiológicas y clínicas, así como hallazgos de laboratorio. Asimismo, se ha llevado a cabo una revisión sistemática de los casos publicados previamente. RESULTADOS: Se identificaron 6 casos de SIRI en 123 pacientes con VIH (4,9%) con PJP que comenzaron TAR. Los 6 casos eran varones con una edad media de 34 (IQR :8) años. En los 6 casos se trató de una SIRI paradójico. Los sujetos menores de 40 años (p = 0,084) y con VIH-ARN al diagnóstico mayor de 100.000 copias/ml (p = 0,081) mostraron una tendencia a desarrollar SIRI. Se identificaron 37 casos publicados de SIRI relacionado con PJP en la literatura. Aunque el 51% de los casos presentaron insuficiencia respiratoria, no se reportaron muertes. CONCLUSIONES: El SIRI asociado con PJP es una entidad infrecuente comparada con el relacionado con otras infecciones oportunistas. Puede provocar insuficiencia respiratoria grave en un porcentaje importante de casos, si bien no se han reportado muertes

Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in HIV-infected patients with Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia.

INTRODUCTION: The incidence of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) in HIV-infected patients after an episode of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) seems to be lower than with other opportunistic infections. We conducted an observational study in order to determine the incidence, clinical characteristics and outcome of patients diagnosed with PJP-related IRIS. METHODS: We conducted an observational study of HIV patients diagnosed with PJP-related IRIS from January 2000 to November 2015. We analyzed epidemiological and clinical characteristics as well as laboratory findings. We also carried out a systematic review of published cases. RESULTS: Six cases of IRIS out of 123 (4.9%) HIV-infected patients with PJP who started ART were diagnosed. All six cases were men with a median age of 34 (IQR: 8) years. The six patients developed paradoxical IRIS. Subjects younger than 40 years old (p=0.084) and with an HIV-RNA viral load >100000 copies/ml (p=0.081) at diagnosis showed a tendency to develop IRIS. Thirty-seven published cases of PJP-related IRIS were identified. Although 51% of cases involved respiratory failure, no deaths were reported. CONCLUSIONS: PJP-related IRIS is rare condition compared to other opportunistic infections. It can lead to a severe respiratory failure in a significant proportion of cases, although no deaths have been reported.