Trastorno por déficit de atención con o sin hiperactividad en los niños con síndrome de Down / Attention deficit disorder with or without hyperactivity or impulsivity in children

Los niños con síndrome de Down tienen una prevalencia más elevada que el resto de población general de presentar trastorno por déficit de atención con o sin hiperactividad o impulsividad (TDAH). El diagnóstico e identificación del TDAH es importante porque puede afectar el rendimiento escolar y causar trastornos de la conducta. El objetivo de este trabajo es doble. En primer lugar, se considera en esta revisión la repercusión del TDAH en los niños con síndrome de Down. En segundo lugar, se presenta un análisis sistemático de los artículos publicados en la bibliografía científica relativos a los tests utilizados para el diagnóstico de TDAH en niños con síndrome de Down (AU)

Children with Down’s syndrome show a higher prevalence of attention deficit disorder with or without hyperactivity or impulsivity (ADHD) than the rest of the general population. The diagnosis and identification of ADHD is important because it can affect performance at school and cause behavioural disturbances. This research study has two objectives. First of all, in this review we consider the repercussions that ADHD has on Down’s syndrome children. Secondly, we present a systematic analysis of the articles published in the scientific literature relating to the tests used to diagnose ADHD in Down’s syndrome children (AU)

[Posterior reversible leukoencephalopathy in a patient with postpartum eclampsia]. / Leucoencefalopatía posterior reversible en una paciente con eclampsia posparto.

We report the clinical-radiological case of a 25 year-old female patient who developed reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) in the postpartum period, without evidence of preeclampsia-eclampsia or chronic arterial hypertension. RPLS is associated with diverse clinical entities including eclampsia. Ten days after giving birth, the patient presented with clinical symptoms of headache, elevated blood pressure and seizures. Reversible vasogenic oedema affecting the white matter in the posterior regions was the characteristic finding in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain. Although the prognosis is favourable, treatment needs to be early and aggressive, with rapid control of the convulsions and arterial hypertension, with the aim of preventing ischemia and cerebral infarct from developing. There is a need to be highly alert and to consider the diagnosis of RPLS in women presenting with convulsions and other neurological symptoms in postpartum.

Leucoencefalopatía posterior reversible en una paciente con eclampsia posparto / Posterior reversible leukoencephalopathy in a patient with postpartum eclampsia

Describimos el caso clínico-radiológico de una paciente de 25 años que desarrolló una leucoencefalopatía posterior reversible (LPR) en el periodo posparto, sin evidencia de preeclampsiaeclampsia o hipertensión arterial crónica. La LPR se asocia a entidades clínicas diversas, incluyendo la eclampsia. La paciente presentó, diez días después del parto, un cuadro clínico compuesto por cefalea, hipertensión arterial y convulsiones. El edema vasogénico reversible que afecta a la sustancia blanca de las regiones posteriores constituye el hallazgo característico en la resonancia magnética cerebral. Aunque el pronóstico es favorable, el tratamiento debe ser precoz y agresivo, efectuando un control rápido de las convulsiones y de la hipertensión arterial, con la finalidad de evitar el desarrollo de isquemia e infarto cerebral. Es necesario tener un alto índice de sospecha y considerar el diagnóstico de eclampsia posparto y LPR en mujeres que presenten convulsiones y otros síntomas neurológicos en el puerperio

We report the clinical-radiological case of a 25 year-old female patient who developed reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) in the postpartum period, without evidence of preeclampsia-eclampsia or chronic arterial hypertension. RPLS is associated with diverse clinical entities including eclampsia. Ten days after giving birth, the patient presented with clinical symptoms of headache, elevated blood pressure and seizures. Reversible vasogenic oedema affecting the white matter in the posterior regions was the characteristic finding in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain. Although the prognosis is favourable, treatment needs to be early and aggressive, with rapid control of the convulsions and arterial hypertension, with the aim of preventing ischemia and cerebral infarct from developing. There is a need to be highly alert and to consider the diagnosis of RPLS in women presenting with convulsions and other neurological symptoms in postpartum

Laparoscopically treated duodenal hamartoma of Brunner's glands.

Hamartomas of Brunner's glands are extremely rare lesions, with only about 100 cases reported to date in the world literature; of these, fewer than 25 correspond to growths >2 cm in diameter. We report the case of a patient with a large (6-cm diameter) duodenal hamartoma of Brunner's glands treated by laparoscopic surgery. A review of the literature revealed no other cases via this approach.