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2.
Neurologia ; 20(10): 698-701, 2005 Dec.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16317593

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Patients who suffer seizures sometimes have electrocardiographic disorders during both the seizure and the post-critical period. The incidence of sudden death in epileptic patients (SUDEP) is greater than that observed in non-epileptic patients, there being evidence of respiratory disorders, cardiac arrhythmias, encephalic involvement and coronary ischemia during the seizures. This coronary ischemia has been mainly described in patients with drug refractory epilepsy, it being quite rare in patients without background of refractory seizures. During the seizure and in the post-critical period, changes have also been described in the ST segment. This suggests that the stimulation of the autonomic system may create the adequate substrate to cause myocardial ischemia. In this situation, ventricular arrhythmias and serious myocardial dysfunction may be observed. Besides the ischemia, on other occasions, there are alterations in the heart rhythm, it being possible to observe different effects and arrhythmias in the same patient. CLINICAL CASE: We present the case of a 50 year old male in whom electrocardiographic alterations with depression of the ST segment, without arrhythmias, were observed immediately after his first seizures. CONCLUSION: In some cases, cardiac alterations previously unknown in epileptic patients could explain the unexpected deaths of epileptics in SUDEP diagnosed cases.


Assuntos
Morte Súbita/etiologia , Eletrocardiografia , Epilepsia , Epilepsia/complicações , Epilepsia/fisiopatologia , Hematoma Subdural/patologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Isquemia Miocárdica/etiologia , Isquemia Miocárdica/mortalidade , Isquemia Miocárdica/fisiopatologia
3.
Neurología (Barc., Ed. impr.) ; 20(10): 698-701, dic. 2005. ilus, graf
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-048754

RESUMO

Introducción. Los pacientes que sufren crisis comiciales presentan en ocasiones alteraciones electrocardiográficas tanto durante las crisis como en período poscrítico. La incidencia de muerte súbita en pacientes epilépticos (SUDEP) es superior a la observada en pacientes no epilépticos, existiendo evidencias de alteraciones respiratorias, arritmias cardíacas, afectación encefálica e isquemia coronaria durante las crisis epilépticas. Esta isquemia coronaria ha sido descrita principalmente en pacientes con epilepsia refractaria a fármacos, siendo bastante inusual en pacientes sin el antecedente de crisis comiciales refractarias. Durante la crisis y en el período poscrítico también se han descrito cambios en el segmento ST, sugiriendo que la estimulación del sistema autónomo puede crear el sustrato adecuado para provocar isquemia miocárdica. En esta situación se pueden observar arritmias ventriculares y disfunción miocárdica grave. Además de la isquemia, en otras ocasiones aparecen alteraciones en el ritmo cardíaco, pudiéndose observar eventos y arritmias diferentes en un mismo paciente. Caso clínico. Presentamos el caso de un varón de 50 años en el que objetivaron alteraciones electrocardiográficas con infradesnivelación del segmento ST, sin arritmias, inmediatamente tras sus primeras crisis comiciales. Conclusión. Las alteraciones cardíacas no conocidas previamente en los pacientes epilépticos podrían explicar en algunos casos las muertes inesperadas de epilépticos en los casos que se diagnostican de SUDEP


Introduction. Patients who suffer seizures sometimes have electrocardiographic disorders during both the seizure and the post-critical period. The incidence of sudden death in epileptic patients (SUDEP) is greater than that observed in non-epileptic patients, there being evidence of respiratory disorders, cardiac arrhythmias, encephalic involvement and coronary ischemia during the seizures. This coronary ischemia has been mainly described in patients with drug refractory epilepsy, it being quite rare in patients without background of refractory seizures. During the seizure and in the post-critical period, changes have also been described in the SI segment. This suggests that the stimulation of the autonomic system may create the adequate substrate to cause myocardial ischemia. In this situation, ventricular arrhythmias and serious myocardial dysfunction may be observed. Besides the ischemia, on other occasions, there are alterations in the heart rhythm, it being possible to observe different effects and arrhythmias in the same patient. Clinical case. We present the case of a 50 year old male in whom electrocardiographic alterations with depression of the SI segment, without arrhythmias, were observed immediately after his first seizures. Conclusion. In so me cases, cardiac alterations previously unknown in epileptic patients could explain the unexpected deaths of epileptics in SUDEP diagnosed cases


Assuntos
Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Morte Súbita/etiologia , Eletrocardiografia , Epilepsia , Isquemia Miocárdica/etiologia , Isquemia Miocárdica/fisiopatologia , Isquemia Miocárdica/mortalidade , Epilepsia/complicações , Epilepsia/fisiopatologia , Hematoma Subdural/patologia
4.
Rev Neurol ; 41(10): 582-6, 2005.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16288419

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: In 1988 the International Headache Society (IHS) published the 1st edition of its headache classification and the 2nd edition was completed in 2003. AIM. To determine whether there exist changes in the incidence of post-lumbar puncture headache depending on the edition of the IHS classification. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between 2002 and 2003 data was gathered prospectively for 78 patients who were submitted to a diagnostic lumbar puncture, 40 obstetric spinal anaesthesias and 516 non-obstetric spinal anaesthesias. The 1st edition was used and, after the appearance of the 2nd edition, the cases were recoded. RESULTS: With the 1st edition, there were 31 out of 78 cases (39.7%) of post-puncture headache in diagnostic punctures, and when the 2nd edition was used, the number dropped to 10 cases (12.8%). The incidence of headache among patients who had undergone obstetric spinal anaesthesia was six cases out of a total of 40 (15%) using the 1st edition, and four cases with the 2nd edition (10%). The incidence of headache among patients after non-obstetric spinal anaesthesia was 80 cases out of a total of 516 (15.5%) when the 1st edition was utilised and 25 cases with the 2nd edition (4.85%). CONCLUSIONS: To compare the incidences of post-lumbar puncture headaches obtained by diverse observers we need to know which edition was used, since there are considerable differences between the results obtained using one edition or the other. The main reason accounting for the discrepancy between the two editions is the compulsory association of some accompanying sign, since this was not a necessary criterion in the 1st edition but it is included in the 2nd.


Assuntos
Anestesia Obstétrica/efeitos adversos , Raquianestesia/efeitos adversos , Cefaleia , Punção Espinal/efeitos adversos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Criança , Feminino , Cefaleia/classificação , Cefaleia/epidemiologia , Cefaleia/etiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos
5.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 41(10): 582-586, nov. 2005. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-042985

RESUMO

Introducción. La Sociedad Internacional de Cefaleas (IHS, International Headache Society) publicó en 1988 la 1.ª edición de la clasificación de las cefaleas. La 2.ª edición se completa en el 2003. Objetivo. Determinar si existen cambios en la incidencia de la cefalea pospunción lumbar según la edición de la IHS. Pacientes y métodos. Prospectivamente se recogieron, entre el 2002 y 2003, 78 pacientes a los que se realizó una punción lumbar diagnóstica, 40 raquianestesias obstétricas y 516 raquianestesias no obstétricas. Se utilizó la 1.ª edición, y tras la aparición de la 2.ª se recodificaron los casos. Resultados. Con la 1.ª edición, la cefalea pospunción en las punciones diagnósticas fueron 31 de 78 casos (39,7%), y cuando se utilizó la 2.ª fueron 10 casos (12,8%). En las pacientes de raquianestesia obstétrica, con la utilización de la 1.ª edición, la incidencia de cefalea fue de seis casos de 40 (15%) y cuatro casos con la 2.ª (10%). De los pacientes con raquianestesia no obstétrica la incidencia de cefalea fue de 80 (15,5%) de 516 casos con la 1.ª edición de la IHS, y 25 casos (4,85%) con la 2.ª. Conclusiones. Se necesita conocer la edición si se quieren comparar incidencias de cefalea pospunción entre observadores, ya que las diferencias son ostensibles entre utilizar una u otra edición. El principal motivo de discrepancia entre las dos ediciones es la asociación obligada de algún signo acompañante, ya que éste no era criterio necesario en la 1.ª edición y sí en la 2.ª


Introduction. In 1988 the International Headache Society (IHS) published the 1st edition of its headache classification and the 2nd edition was completed in 2003. Aim. To determine whether there exist changes in the incidence of post-lumbar puncture headache depending on the edition of the IHS classification. Patients and methods. Between 2002 and 2003 data was gathered prospectively for 78 patients who were submitted to a diagnostic lumbar puncture, 40 obstetric spinal anaesthesias and 516 non-obstetric spinal anaesthesias. The 1st edition was used and, after the appearance of the 2nd edition, the cases were recoded. Results. With the 1st edition, there were 31 out of 78 cases (39.7%) of post-puncture headache in diagnostic punctures, and when the 2nd edition was used, the number dropped to 10 cases (12.8%). The incidence of headache among patients who had undergone obstetric spinal anaesthesia was six cases out of a total of 40 (15%) using the 1st edition, and four cases with the 2nd edition (10%). The incidence of headache among patients after non-obstetric spinal anaesthesia was 80 cases out of a total of 516 (15.5%) when the 1st edition was utilised and 25 cases with the 2nd edition (4.85%). Conclusions. To compare the incidences of post-lumbar puncture headaches obtained by diverse observers we need to know which edition was used, since there are considerable differences between the results obtained using one edition or the other. The main reason accounting for the discrepancy between the two editions is the compulsory association of some accompanying sign, since this was not a necessary criterion in the 1st edition but it is included in the 2nd


Assuntos
Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adulto , Idoso , Adolescente , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Anestesia Obstétrica/efeitos adversos , Raquianestesia/efeitos adversos , Cefaleia/classificação , Cefaleia/epidemiologia , Cefaleia/etiologia , Punção Espinal/efeitos adversos , Estudos Retrospectivos
8.
Emergencias (St. Vicenç dels Horts) ; 14(4): 163-170, jul. 2002. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-22098

RESUMO

Objetivo: En los Servicios de Urgencias hospitalarios se atiende a un número creciente de pacientes de edad avanzada, tendencia que continuará en los próximos años atendiendo a las previsiones demográficas. El análisis del proceso de atención a nuestros ancianos, en relación con los pacientes adultos, constituye un dato imprescindible para optimizar la asistencia a los pacientes mayores. Métodos: Se revisaron 820 historias de pacientes adultos atendidos en el Servicio de Urgencias del Hospital Virgen de la Luz de Cuenca durante un año. Tras la selección aleatoria, se recogieron tanto variables sociodemográficas como otras relativas al proceso de atención durante su estancia en nuestro Servicio, comparando los datos tras dividir a los pacientes entre adultos y ancianos. Resultados: Los ancianos acuden más frecuentemente derivados desde Atención Primaria que los adultos, consultando sobre todo por problemas circulatorios, neurológicos y respiratorios; les son realizadas más frecuentemente exploraciones complementarias y reciben con más frecuencia tratamiento farmacológico, utilizando la vía parenteral para su administración. Los ancianos permanecen más tiempo en Urgencias, con superiores tasas de ingreso y días de estancia media en planta. Conclusiones: Las tendencias demográficas condicionan la asistencia en Urgencias de nuestros ancianos. Constituye un reto para los médicos que atendemos urgencias hospitalarias considerar la asistencia a los pacientes de edad avanzada desde un punto de vista multidisciplinar (AU)


Assuntos
Idoso , Feminino , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Humanos , Serviços Médicos de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos , Serviços de Saúde para Idosos/estatística & dados numéricos , Doenças Respiratórias/epidemiologia , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/epidemiologia , Doenças Vasculares/epidemiologia , Encaminhamento e Consulta/estatística & dados numéricos , Prescrições de Medicamentos/estatística & dados numéricos , Grupos de Risco
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