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1.
Cureus ; 14(7): e27019, 2022 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35989791

RESUMO

Renal cell carcinoma is a type of urologic cancer that has a poor prognosis, with the majority of these being clear cell renal carcinoma. This subset has a tendency to cause disruptions in the cell cycle, making immune checkpoint inhibitors for adjuvant treatment of renal cell carcinoma the predominant pharmacological approach. Despite this, the use of immune checkpoint inhibitors in this setting is still an area of much research. In the following three different cases, we demonstrate the role and benefit of treatment with neoadjuvant immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients that have an extensive tumor burden at diagnosis, making them ineligible for operative treatment. Our hope is that these cases serve as a foreshadowing of the potential neoadjuvant treatments have in this oncological setting.

2.
J Infect Dis ; 206(1): 63-8, 2012 Jul 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22539811

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Cowpox virus is an Orthopoxvirus that can cause infections in humans and a variety of animals. Infections occur in Eurasia; infections in humans and animals have not been reported in the United States. This report describes the occurrence of the first known human case of laboratory-acquired cowpox virus infection in the United States and the ensuing investigation. METHODS: The patient and laboratory personnel were interviewed, and laboratory activities were reviewed. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and serologic assays were used to test the patient's specimens. PCR assays were used to test specimens obtained during the investigation. RESULTS: A specimen from the patient's lesion tested positive for cowpox virus DNA. Genome sequencing revealed a recombinant region consistent with a strain of cowpox virus stored in the research laboratory's freezer. Cowpox virus contamination was detected in 6 additional laboratory stocks of viruses. Orthopoxvirus DNA was present in 3 of 20 environmental swabs taken from laboratory surfaces. CONCLUSIONS: The handling of contaminated reagents or contact with contaminated surfaces was likely the mode of transmission. Delays in recognition and diagnosis of this infection in a laboratory researcher underscore the importance of a thorough patient history-including occupational information-and laboratory testing in facilitating a prompt investigation and application of control and remediation measures.


Assuntos
Vírus da Varíola Bovina/isolamento & purificação , Varíola Bovina/virologia , DNA Viral/isolamento & purificação , Transmissão de Doença Infecciosa do Paciente para o Profissional , Infecção Laboratorial/virologia , Pessoal de Laboratório , Varíola Bovina/epidemiologia , Varíola Bovina/transmissão , Vírus da Varíola Bovina/genética , Contaminação por DNA , DNA Viral/genética , Humanos , Infecção Laboratorial/epidemiologia , Infecção Laboratorial/transmissão , Estados Unidos/epidemiologia
3.
J Mol Diagn ; 12(5): 664-9, 2010 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20595627

RESUMO

Influenza virus subtyping has emerged as a critical tool in the diagnosis of influenza. Antiviral resistance is present in the majority of seasonal H1N1 influenza A infections, with association of viral strain type and antiviral resistance. Influenza A virus subtypes can be reliably distinguished by examining conserved sequences in the matrix protein gene. We describe our experience with an assay for influenza A subtyping based on matrix gene sequences. Viral RNA was prepared from nasopharyngeal swab samples, and real-time RT-PCR detection of influenza A and B was performed using a laboratory developed analyte-specific reagent-based assay that targets a conserved region of the influenza A matrix protein gene. FluA-positive samples were analyzed using a second RT-PCR assay targeting the matrix protein gene to distinguish seasonal influenza subtypes based on differential melting of fluorescence resonance energy transfer probes. The novel H1N1 influenza strain responsible for the 2009 pandemic showed a melting profile distinct from that of seasonal H1N1 or H3N2 and compatible with the predicted melting temperature based on the published novel H1N1 matrix gene sequence. Validation by comparison with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention real-time RT-PCR for swine influenza A (novel H1N1) test showed this assay to be both rapid and reliable (>99% sensitive and specific) in the identification of the novel H1N1 influenza A virus strain.


Assuntos
Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/isolamento & purificação , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H3N2/isolamento & purificação , Vírus da Influenza A/classificação , Humanos , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/classificação , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1/genética , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H3N2/classificação , Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H3N2/genética , Vírus da Influenza A/genética , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa
5.
J Clin Microbiol ; 42(6): 2796-8, 2004 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15184474

RESUMO

A reverse transcriptase PCR was developed to detect 50 or 5,000 RNA copies of influenza A virus per ml in throat swab specimens. The assay was more sensitive than the Directigen Flu A test. The technique was also used to detect amantadine-resistant isolates.


Assuntos
Amantadina/farmacologia , Vírus da Influenza A/isolamento & purificação , Influenza Humana/diagnóstico , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa/métodos , Farmacorresistência Viral , Humanos , Vírus da Influenza A/efeitos dos fármacos , Faringe/virologia
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