Prevalence of oromucosal lesions in relation to tobacco habit among a Western Maharashtra population.

OBJECTIVES: This study was conducted to determine the number and types of oromucosal lesions (OMLs) in relation to tobacco habits in patients who attended the outpatient department. METHODOLOGY: A total of 1730 patients visiting the Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology were interviewed and screened for tobacco habits (smoking and smokeless). Clinical oral examination was conducted with diagnostic instruments using the Color Atlas of Common Oral Diseases as a guide for diagnosis. When clinical features were not diagnostic, a biopsy was done. RESULTS: Of the 1730 outpatients, 975 (56.3% ) individuals used tobacco in one or other forms and 687 (70.4%) of these had OMLs. CONCLUSION: The results of this study provide important information on the prevalence of OMLs in patients seeking dental care. This provides baseline data for future studies on the prevalence of oral lesions in the general population.

Solitary central osteoma of mandible in a geriatric patient: Report and review.

UNLABELLED: Solitary central osteomas of jaw are extremely rare lesions with only few previously documented cases. This paper reports a case of large solitary central osteoma involving mandible symphysis- parasymphysis region in an elderly female patient. A brief review of similar cases reported in the literature is also provided in this paper. KEY WORDS: Osteomas, osteogenic,bone, tumor, jaw, mandible.

Psychosocial characteristics of oromucosal diseases in psychiatric patients: observational study from Indian dental college.

BACKGROUND: Psychiatric diseases like anxiety, depression, schizophrenia and bipolar disorders can affect the mental and physical statuses of an individual. AIM: The study was to investigate the different oromucosal diseases (OMD) in psychiatric patients and to evaluate the correlation between these OMD to severity of anxiety and depression. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out during a six-month period. Patients reporting to psychiatry department with anxiety, depression, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder as diagnosed by an experienced psychiatrist, were subjected to complete oral examination by a skilled oral diagnostician to check for OMD like oral lichen planus (OLP), aphthous stomatitis (AS) and burning mouth syndrome (BMS). During the above mentioned time interval, 1320 patients with any of the above mentioned psychiatric diseases were included in this study. Of these, 278 had anxiety, 398 had depression, 295 had schizophrenia and 349 had bipolar disorder. Equal number of individuals reported to the Oral Medicine and Radiology department for routine oral screening with no mucosal diseases were included as control group. RESULTS: In this study, statistically significant increase in the OMD of the psychiatric patients was recorded when compared with the control group. The OMD were significantly higher in patients with anxiety (20.86%) followed by patients with depression (9.04%), schizophrenia (7.7%), bipolar disorder (7.4%) and control group (5.17%), respectively. Most prevalent OMD in patients with anxiety was AS (12%) followed by OLP (5.7%), and BMS (2.87%) respectively. Patients with moderate to severe anxiety and depression showed significantly higher prevalence of these OMD compared to the ones with mild anxiety and depression. The AS and OLP were significantly more in the younger age group (18-49 year) and BMS was higher in 50-77 year age group in both the study and control groups. CONCLUSION: A positive association was established between psychological alterations and OMD. Emotional alterations may act as a precipitating factor that could influence the initiation and development of different OMD. Hence, better harmonization is essential between dentist and psychiatrists for comprehensive management of psychosomatic disorders of the oral mucosa.

Oral healthcare considerations for the pregnant woman.

UNLABELLED: Pregnancy is a period of both joy and anxiety in a woman's life and is characterized by various physiological changes in her body brought about by the circulating female sex hormones. The oral cavity is also the seat of changes and these physiologic changes of pregnancy need to be addressed while managing the pregnant woman in the dental clinic. The main goal is to minimize the occurrence of any complications that might harm the mother-to-be and/or the unborn child. Preventive, emergency, and routine dental procedures are all deemed suitable during various phases of pregnancy, with some treatment modifications and initial planning. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The dentist should be in a position to manage pregnant women in clinical practice effectively.

Unilateral segmental odontomaxillary hypoplasia: an unusual case report.

Facial asymmetry is not an uncommon occurrence in day to day dental practice. It can be caused by various etiologic factors ranging from facial trauma to serious hereditary conditions. Here, we report a rare case of non-syndromic facial asymmetry in a young female, who was born with this condition but was not aware of the progression of asymmetry. No relevant family history was recognized. She was also deficient in both deciduous and permanent teeth in the corresponding region of maxilla. Hence, the cause of this asymmetry was believed to be a segmental odontomaxillary hypoplasia of left maxilla accompanied by agenesis of left maxillary premolars and molars and disuse atrophy of corresponding facial musculature. This report briefly discussed the comparative features of segmental odontomaxillary hypoplasia, hemimaxillofacial dysplasia, and segmental odontomaxillary dysplasia and justified the differences between segmental odontomaxillary hypoplasia and the other two conditions.

Non-syndromic hypohyperdontia of the permanent dentition with involvement of the mandibular anterior region: a rare occurrence / Hipo-hiperdontia não sindrômica da dentição permanente com envolvimento da região anterior mandibular: uma rara ocorrência

Objective: To present an uncommon case of numeric abnormalities in a non-syndromic patient.Discussion: Dental numeric abnormalities in development of the permanent dentition are quite common;however, combined occurrence of hypodontia and hyperdontia is a rare phenomenon, especiallyin a non-syndromic situation. This paper describes a 28-year-old non-syndromic man with missing mandibularlateral incisors and an erupted mandibular mesiodens. This is only the third case, to the best ofour knowledge, with the two anomalies manifesting in the anterior region of the mandible.

Objetivo: Apresentar um caso incomum de anomalias numéricas num caso de paciente não sindrômico. Discussão:Anomalias dentárias numéricas no desenvolvimento da dentição permanente são comuns; entretanto, a ocorrênciacombinada de hipo e hiperdontia é um fenômeno raro, especialmente em situações não sindrômicas. Este artigo descreve o caso de um paciente masculino não sindrômico apresentando ausência de incisivos laterais mandibularese um mesiodens mandibular erupcionado. Esse é o único caso, pelo melhor de nosso conhecimento, com as duasanomalias manifestando-se simultaneamente na região anterior da mandíbula.