Cellular cardiomyoplasty: development of a technique to culture human myoblasts for clinical transplantation.

Some recent studies have demonstrated that epicardial injection of autologous myoblasts, obtained from satellite cells of skeletal muscle, in association to coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) in patients with decreased left ventricular function secondary to ischaemic disease could be of some utility to get a better recovery of ventricular function due to the ability of these cells to grow and generate new muscle fibers over the previous fibrotic scar. The aims are the setting up of a process for the collection of the cellular cardiomyoplasty in samples of multiorganic donations and to carry out this technique in the same surgical moment as the revascularisation is performed in two patients. For this purpose we obtained muscle through biopsy of 15 human multiorgan donors and of two patients. Separation of fatty tissue, minced, and further digestion with collagenase type I (1.5 mgr/ml/2 gr by weight) and trypsin 1 x. Filtration of the cellular suspension, centrifugation and sowing of this suspension in culture medium, with 20% of human serum. Culture for three weeks until obtainment of between 200-300 million cells. Inmunohistochemistry and flow cytometry for the identification of the myoblasts was carried out. The results were obtained through flow cytometry, using CD56 as an indicator of the presence of myoblasts, between 70 and 80% of these types of cells were obtained after three weeks of culture. By inmunohistochemistry analyses, different markers were analyzed: desmin and myogenin. The results indicated the presence of a great number of positive cells with these markers, possibly myoblasts. Skeletal myoblast implant was not associated with adverse effects. The culture of autologous myoblasts is a rapid and simple technique where after three weeks of culture a great number of cells for implantation are obtained. In patients with old myocardial infarction, treatment with skeletal myoblast in conjunction with coronary artery bypass is safe and feasible. and it is easy to obtain myoblasts from muscle tissue for transplant into patients.

The effects of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol on the metabolism of gonadal steroids in the rat.

The effects of delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and cannabidiol (CBD) on hydroxylation of estradiol and testosterone in rat liver microsomes were investigated. Acute and chronic treatment of male and female rats with either cannabinoid, 2 or 10 mg/kg, significantly elevated steroid hydroxylase activity. Acute administration of THC or CBD, 10 mg/kg, evoked no detectable changes in cytochrome P-450 levels, but a significant decrease in those of cytochrome b5. Chronic administration of THC or CBD, 2 mg/kg, decreased levels of cytochrome P-450, whereas cytochrome b5 levels appeared normal. Acute doses of THC or CBD at 10 mg/kg significantly depressed testosterone formation in testis microsomes. Chronic THC, 2 mg/kg, but not CBD, evoked the most dramatic decrease in testicular enzyme activity.