[The early detection of stomach and lung cancer during the dispensary care of the population]. / Rannee vyiavlenie raka zheludka i legkogo pri dispanserizatsii naseleniia.

The system of early detection of cancer of the stomach and lung was developed on the basis of two-stage automated screening which involved questionnaires, instrumental and laboratory examination, and formation of high-risk and follow-up groups. Gastric and lung cancer were diagnosed in 1.5 and 1.3% of cases of high-risk groups, respectively. Stage I-II tumors made 80.8% of gastric cancer and 20.7% of lung malignancies. In the follow-up groups, all gastric tumors and half of lung neoplasms were diagnosed at early stages. The procedure described assures lower percentage of advanced tumors of the stomach and lung at diagnosis.

[A system of automated screening (used for factory personnel)]. / Sistema avtomatizirovannogo skrininga (v usloviiakh proizvodsvennykh ob"edinenii).

The paper discusses automated screening procedures for detection of precancerous and tumor lesions in gastrointestinal organs in factory and office workers. These procedures include application of computers and a classifying matrix (a table of syndromes) in the processing of data obtained by means of questionnaires. Automated screening method provides a rationale for selection of subjects who should undergo further instrumental examination. Its application makes the work of medical staff at the initial stage of mass screening unnecessary. It also provides for standardization of procedures of screening for those who should be further examined for precancerous and tumor lesions in the esophagus, stomach, colon and rectum.

[System for organizing the active screening of breast diseases at industrial enterprises]. / Sistema organizatsii aktivnogo vyiavleniia zabolevanii molochnoi zhelezy na promyshlennykh predpriiatiiakh.

The scheme of detection of breast tumors includes such measures of complex screening as self-examination, questionnaires, examination by shop floor doctor, fluoromammography and thermography followed by consultation of an oncologist, needle biopsy and use of surgical manuals. Out of 12,862 females examined by the scheme, 52 (0.4%) had breast tumors (early forms in 23 cases -- 44.2%), 254 (2%) -- benign tumors and cysts; 981 (7.6%) -- dyshormonal mastopathy and 522 (4.0%) -- local fibroadenomatosis.

[Surgical procedure in repeated operations on the mitral valve]. / Khirurgicheskaia taktika pri povtornykh operatsiiakh na mitral'nom klapane.

The experience in repeated operations on the mitral valve is generalized and the results of 340 repeated closed mitral commissurotomies and 124 operations performed under conditions of extracorporeal circulation are analysed. Hospital mortality in open operations is still rather high (20%), whereas the stability of good results in follow-up periods of up to 5 years is 53.9%. At the same time, the results of repeated closed operations are quite acceptable; low hospital mortality (4.7%), relatively satisfactory stability of good results (55.3% in follow-up periods of up to 10 years). The authors believe that a differentiated approach to the choice of the method for repated operations on the mitral valve is necessary.